Abstract: This invention relates to vinyl quaternaries and polymers thereof; and to the preparation thereof from ethylene dihalides and tertiary amines.

Abstract: This invention relates to diamines prepared by condensing cyclohexanone, or derivatives thereof, with ammonia to yield tetrahydropyrimidines, which can be reduced to hexahydropyrimidines, whose pyrimidine ring can be broken to yield diamines having one primary amino group, which primary group can be reacted with a carbonyl to yield Schiff base imines, which Schiff base imines can be reduced to N-substituted amino groups. The two amino groups of the reduced Schiff base can be bridged by reaction with an aldehyde to form N,N'-disubstituted pyrimidines.This invention also relates to the use of these products as antioxidants.

Abstract: This invention relates to the preparation of clear, bright oil-soluble aluminum-containing compositions of high aluminum content; to the resulting products; and to the use of such products; for example, as fuel additives such as additives employed in turbine fuels as corrosion inhibitors and other uses.

Abstract: This invention relates to copolymers of alpha-olefins and maleic anhydride reacted with amines in the presence of Lewis acids, preferably BF.sub.3 or a complex thereof; and to the use of these products as anti-static agents in organic liquids, preferably in hydrocarbons. The use of Lewis acid produces a unique reaction product which is superior as to fluidity and/or anti-static properties as compared to the corresponding product produced without Lewis acid. In addition, the use of Lewis acid promotes the rate of reaction thus reducing reaction time.

Abstract: This invention relates to alkynoxymethyl amines, to methods of preparing them, and uses thereof, particularly as corrosion inhibitors. These compounds are prepared by reacting an amine, such as RNH.sub.2, with an aldehyde, such as formaldehyde, and an alkynol, such as propargyl alcohol, to yield compounds of the formulaRN(CH.sub.2 OR').sub.2where R is a substituted group, preferably alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, etc., and R' is an acetylenic alcohol moiety.

Abstract: A coulometric titrator for determining, at high accuracy and without time delay problems, small amounts of a specific ion in a solution by the addition of a reactive ion. A sensor provides a signal voltage representing the logarithm of the specific ion concentration to a differential amplifier which also receives as an input a signal from a reference electrode. The differential amplifier produces an error signal applied to a comparator and referenced therein to a certain reference voltage representing a desirable range of rates of change of the error output voltage. The comparator provides a sensor signal voltage representing the difference between the error signal and reference voltage. This sensor signal voltage is applied to an antilogarithm converter which produces an output signal that is proportional to the antilogarithm of the sensor signal voltage.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process of inhibiting or preventing fouling (i.e., preventing the adhesion of deposits from hydrocarbon on surfaces) at elevated temperatures which comprises adding to hydrocarbon an antifouling (preventing) amount of an organo-sulfur compounds having a high sulfur content. In the preferred embodiment, the organo-sulfur compound has at least 5% sulfur. An embodiment is a heterocyclic compound, a dithiole-thione. These organo sulfur compounds are particularly effective at elevated temperatures of at least about 500.degree. F.

Abstract: Phosphonium compounds of the formula ##STR1## where Y is --CH.sub.2 OH or --CH.sub.2 OOCCH.sub.2 PR.sub.3, n is an integer of 2 - 4, R is a substituted group, preferably hydrocarbon, such as alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, etc., and X is a negative ion. These compounds are used in inhibiting the corrosion of metals and particularly in preventing corrosion of metals, particularly iron, steel and ferrous alloys.

Abstract: This invention relates to polymers of quaternary thiazines having the recurrent structure ##STR1## WHERE Z is S, SO, SO.sub.2, x is 2 or more, R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon, R.sub.2 is alkylene, alkenylene, aralkylene, alkylene ether, X is an anion, n is a number from 3-500. These polymers are useful as flocculants and/or water clarifiers, corrosion inhibitors, antistatic agents, demulsifiers, microbiocides, algicides and the like.

Abstract: This invention relates to the preparation of octahydrophenanthridines by the deammoniation of tetrahydropyrimidines; and to the products thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to imino dicarboxylic acids (IDA) of the general formulae ##STR1## where Z is a moiety, preferably aromatic, R is a moiety, preferably aliphatic, and to resins derived from such acids. Such resins, which may vary widely, are illustrated by polyesters, poly(ester-amides), poly(ester-imides), poly(ester-imide-amides), etc. In the preferred embodiment such resins contain tris (hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate. The preferred IDA, which is derived from trimellitic anhydride (TMA) and glycine, has the following idealized formula ##STR2## IS THE PREDOMINANT DICARBOXYLIC ACID EMPLOYED IN SUCH RESINS. This invention also relates to aromatic IDA where R is aryl as illustrated by IDA derived from aminobenzoic acid and resins prepared therefrom.

Abstract: This invention relates to the electrofiltration of rendered animal fat. By means of this process, foreign bodies present in said fat are facilely removed without the conventional steps of water washing, centrifugation and drying. The use of electrofiltration instead of water washing, centrifugation and drying, besides avoiding the operation steps, also minimizes hydrolysis of fats to fatty acids. In addition, the physical loss of fat, which usually occurs during washing and subsequent steps, is minimized; and impurities not conventionally removed by water washing are removed, such as trace metals, etc. The electrofiltered product is a refined lard or tallow which is superior to lard or tallow prepared by conventional procedures.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process of preparing alkylpyridines and N-substituted alkyldihydropyridines from hexahydrotriazines. These products may be further reacted to form other compositions. The products of the reaction are useful as corrosion inhibitors.

Abstract: This invention relates to the preparation of oil-soluble chromium compositions of high chromium content, such as from about 15 to 30% chromium; to the resulting products; and to the use of such products, for example, as fuel additives, such as additives employed in turbine fuel as corrosion inhibitors, and other uses.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of hexahydropyrimidines (HHP) as anti-oxidants for elastic materials such as rubber.The preferred hexahydropyrimidines contain at least one cycloalkylene or substituted cycloalkylene group and most preferably three cycloalkylene groups as illustrated by 2,2,4,4-dipentamethylene-5,6-tetramethylene hexahydropyrimidine.

Abstract: This invention relates to halogen derivatives of alkynoxymethylamines and to uses thereof. The present invention may be ideally illustrated by the following equation:RN(CH.sub.2 OR'C.tbd.CH).sub.2 + 2NaOX .fwdarw.RN(CH.sub.2 OR'C.tbd.CX).sub.2 + 2NaOHwhere R is a substituted group, preferably hydrocarbon, such as alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, etc., R' is hydrocarbon, preferably alkylene, and where X is halogen.This invention further specifically relates to the use of the halogen derivatives of alkynoxymethylamines as microbiocides in the treatment of aqueous or hydrocarbon systems.

Abstract: An improved process for the refining of crude oil selected from the group of fats, animal and vegetable oils. The crude oil is reacted with aqueous alkali to produce a treated oil with reduced acidic content but containing finely dispersed, liquid-state alkali metal soaps, and a bulk aqueous alkali phase. The bulk alkali phase is separated from the treated oil. The treated oil is subjected to electrofiltration by passage through a bed of dielectric particulate solids having open continuous, but tortuous flow paths, which are interposed within a d.c. electric field having a gradient of at least 20 kv/in whereby the alkali metal soaps adhere in a liquid state to the particulate solids and provide a purified oil with a substantially reduced content of the alkali metal soaps. The purified oil is sent to a subsequent utilization. A dielectric wash liquid is periodically flowed through the bed to remove the priorly adhering finely dispersed alkali metal soaps from the particulate solids.

Abstract: Quaternary nitrogen-heterocyclic phosphonates wherein the phosphonate group is ortho- or para- to the nitrogen heterocyclic group, where the compounds are characterized as follows: ##STR1## WHEREIN THE DOTTED LINE REPRESENTS A CYCLIC STRUCTURE WHICH CYCLIC STRUCTURE MAY BE THE SOLE CYCLIC STRUCTURE, OR MAY BE ATTACHED TO OTHER CYCLIC GROUPS, WHERE R is a hydrocarbon or a substituted hydrocarbon group such as alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, etc., and X is an anion such as halogen, a sulfite, a sulfate, s sulfonate-containing group, etc.These nitrogen-heterocyclic phosphonates are prepared by reacting an aromatic nitrogen-heterocyclic compound, wherein the nitrogen atom is in the form of a quaternary alkoxy derivative (N-OR hereinafter defined) with a phosphite salt, preferably in the form of an ester of the phosphite, as exemplified by the following equation: ##STR2## Quaternaries of these compounds are prepared by further reaction with a quaternizing agent.

Abstract: Oxyalkylated cyclic phenol-aldehyde resins for example oxyalkylated cyclic tetramers; processes by which they are prepared; and method of using said oxyalkylated resins for a wide variety of uses, particularly as demulsifiers for water-in-oil type emulsions. Although oxyalkylated products are preferred, analogous products can also be prepared from alkylene sulfides, alkylene imines, or mixtures of more than one of these alkylene oxides, sulfides, or imines.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing .alpha.-amino phosphonic acid derivatives which comprises reacting a nitrile with a phosphite ester under hydrogenation conditions; and to the .alpha.-amino phosphonic acid derivatives formed and uses thereof.