Abstract: A MTF measuring system includes measurement result screen data indicative of an object image and an MTF curve image are generated in accordance with the object image data obtained by photographing the object and the MTF curve image data indicative of the MTF curve generated from MTF data that become an index to evaluate lens performance. The measurement result screen based on the generated measurement result screen data is displayed on a real time basis in the case of evaluation measurement operations of the lens performance. A user can grasp the necessity for a focus adjustment from the MTF curve image on the measurement result screen. If necessary, the user can adjust the focus of the object displayed together with the MTF curve image, and at the same time can evaluate the lens performance from the MTF curve image.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of more efficient data transmission, in particular transmission of structured data, such as web pages, in a system comprising a server means and a client means which are interconnected via a plurality of proxy means, including a server proxy means and a client proxy means.

Abstract: There is provided a static eliminator capable of improving a sheath effect exerted by shielding a leading end of a discharge electrode by a clean gas so as to prevent the leading end of the discharge electrode from being contaminated, in which a first-stage circumferential chamber, a second-stage circumferential chamber and a first gas pool are arrayed in series along the longitudinal direction of a discharge electrode, the first gas pool is disposed in the mode of diametrically overlapping a gas outflow channel for shielding located on the inner circumferential side of the first gas pool, and a clean gas is supplied to the first gas pool through the chambers disposed at multi-stages by means of the circumferentially spaced multi-stage orifices (the first and second chases).

Abstract: Area management information is cached in a cache memory by controlling the access size when an information processor accesses the area management information in an information recording medium. When the processing content of the information processor is to retrieve a free area from the area management information, a physical management block size determined from the physical characteristics of the information recording medium is used. When the processing content is to acquire a link destination from the area management information, minimum access unit of the information recording medium is used. Consequently, overhead can be lessened when the area management information is accessed.

Abstract: An average pressure P12 in an exhaust port at an overlap period T12 during which a period T1 during which an exhaust valve of a first cylinder unit is in an EGR opening state overlaps with a period T2 during which an intake valve of the first cylinder unit is in an opening state is set to be lower than an average pressure P12? in the exhaust port within the EGR opening period T1 and after a lapse of the overlap period T12, or an overlapped opening time area S2 at the overlap period T12 is set to be not more than one-fourth of an opening time area S1 at the EGR opening period T1.

Abstract: To provide a temperature-sensitive indicator which, when using the temperature-sensitive indicator having a capsule packed with a heat-sensitive material, enables easy rupture of the capsule, without being affected by the temperature of a finger of a user. The indicator includes: a base; a concave portion formed in the base; a capsule accommodated in the concave portion and packed with a heat-sensitive material; an absorbing member placed on the capsule; pressing means which is arranged above the absorbing member, and which is formed of a transparent heat insulating material; and a cover which covers at least the capsule and the absorbing member. By pressing on the capsule using the pressing means 6, the capsule is ruptured.

Abstract: The present invention is a press forging method by which porosities in a raw material are removed and mechanical properties such as ductility and toughness of a steel product are at a required level in a case that a steel ingot is treated as a raw material in press forging. A cylindrical steel ingot (a so-called “round billet”) is set onto a die as a raw material, and, a forging process is applied to the steel ingot so that buckling of the steel is not generated during the forging process and that a reduction ratio and a forging ratio are more than predetermined values, respectively.

Abstract: A bearing unit capable of withstanding a large axial force based on a simple structure including: a bearing 10 having an internal ring 13 fitted to an inside member 2, an outer ring 14 fitted to an outside member 6, lots of rolling elements 15 disposed between the outer ring 14 and the inner ring 13; and a transmitting direction shifting means A transmitting an axial force F from the inner ring 13 to the outside member 6 when the axial force F transmitted from the inside member 2 to the internal ring 13 exceeds a predetermined value or above, and a main spindle device of a machine tool, which is provided with the bearing unit, are provided.

Abstract: A nitride semiconductor light-emitting device includes a layered portion emitting light on a substrate. The layered portion includes an n-type semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a p-type semiconductor layer. The periphery of the layered portion is inclined, and the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer is exposed at the periphery. An n electrode is disposed on the exposed surface of the n-type semiconductor layer. This device structure can enhance the emission efficiency and the light extraction efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention provides a technique of accurately extracting areas of characters included in a captured image. A character extracting device of the present invention extracts each character in an image with compensated pixel values. In more detail, the character extracting device integrates pixel values at each coordinate position in the image along a character extracting direction. Then, the character extracting device predicts the background area in the image based on the integrated pixel value. The compensated pixel values are compensated based on integrated pixel values at the predicted background area from integrated pixel values at each coordinate position.

Abstract: A device for locally puncturing skin is disclosed, especially for applying permanent make-up or a tattoo, comprising a housing, a needle guided in the housing for movement between extended and retracted positions, and a diaphragm made of an elastically extensible material and dividing a front-end space at a front surface of the diaphragm from a rear-end space at a back surface of the diaphragm in the housing. A coupling mechanism firmly couples the needle and the diaphragm for backward movement of the needle in the direction of the retracted position, a return force generated by the diaphragm for moving the needle back in the direction of the retracted position being introduced into the needle shaft.

Abstract: In an eyeless sewing needle, a periphery of an axial hole at the base end is heated to make a fibrous structure be a granular structure without directionality, and at least a part of a heat-affected zone made between the fibrous structure and the granular structure due to the heating is within a range that is three times the diameter of the sewing needle and that extends from an effective base of the axial hole towards the needlepoint. This allows provision of a flexible sewing needle so that the hole periphery can be processed while keeping a hard state at the position of the needlepoint slightly away from the axial hole.

Abstract: To provide a machine tool including a workpiece inner surface machining tool which is not only capable of machining an inner surface of a workpiece into a spherical shape but also capable of machining a bearing surface which is a flat surface and machining the combination of a spherical surface and a flat surface. A machine tool 1 machines a surface to be machined m1 located on an inner surface of a workpiece 21 by a tool 20 having: a supporting member 22; a cutting tool 23 which is supported to be pivotable about a support shaft 19 located on a plane b? perpendicular to an axis a of the supporting member 22 and has a cutting edge 23a at one end; a drive shaft 24 pivoting the cutting tool 23 by moving in an axis a direction; and a link member 25.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery according to an aspect of the present invention is a lithium-transition metal compound oxide which is produced by mixing a lithium compound, a transition metal compound, a magnesium compound, and a sulfate and conducting firing and which contains magnesium atoms and sulfate groups, wherein a magnesium halide is used as the magnesium compound.

Abstract: An ionization device with increased rigidity of a coupling portion is provided. The ionization device includes a casing member for applying high voltage to each needle electrode; a coupling member for mechanically coupling a plurality of casing members in a longitudinal direction and electrically connecting high voltage plates of the respective casing members; and a elongated main body casing for housing a casing body constituted by coupling the plurality of casing members with the coupling member and the electrical circuit unit, the main body casing having the needle electrodes with a space from each other in the longitudinal direction and protruding outside. The main body casing integrally forms a space for arranging the casing body therein so as to be separated from a space for arranging the electrical circuit unit.

Abstract: It is possible to eliminate the defect that a long time is required for writing into a semiconductor memory card by resulting from the fact, with enlargement of its capacity, that the external data management size is different from the internal data management size in the semiconductor memory card. A partial physical block corresponding to the size managed externally is used regardless of the size of the physical block in a non-volatile memory device. Data are written in the partial physical block unit and an erase block is assured in the physical block unit, thereby enabling the write rate to be increased.

Abstract: To provide a temperature sensitive indicator that is capable of easily control the temperature of the temperature sensitive indicator itself and is not affected by the temperature of a finger when the temperature sensitive indicator is operated. In the temperature sensitive indicator that has: a base body; a capsule placed on the base body and filled with a heat-sensitive material; an absorbent member placed on an upper part of the capsule; a cover covering at least the capsule and the absorbent member; and capsule breaking means formed therein with a space through which the base body and the cover are inserted, the base body and the cover are pulled out through the space of the capsule breaking means, whereby the capsule is broken by the capsule breaking means.

Abstract: A method for avoiding an obstacle or an image-quality-degrading optical phenomenon in an image recognition unit is provided. The method includes the steps of providing at least an optical shutter array in the image recognition unit, detecting the obstacle or the optical phenomenon, and closing the optical shutter that corresponds to the portion affected by the obstacle or the optical phenomenon. The method can be readily implemented even when the space for implementing the method is small, for example, in a small space in a camera currently in use, and driving power consumed in the method is small.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for providing a measuring probe (1, 1a, 2) for a probe microscopic examination of a sample in a probe microscope, in particular a scanning probe microscope, in which the measuring probe (1), which has a probe base (1a) and a probe extension (2) formed thereon, is held on a carrier device and the measuring probe (1) is processed before or after a measurement by detaching a section of the probe extension (2). The invention further relates to an arrangement having a probe microscope for the probe microscopic examination of a sample, in particular a scanning probe microscope.