Abstract: Provided is a heatsink, including a cooling zone to contact an object to be frozen and having microchannels formed therein to define a plurality of fluid pathways, an inlet through which a working fluid enters, a distributor, interposed between the inlet and the cooling zone, to uniformly distribute the working fluid introduced through the inlet to the microchannels, an outlet through which the working fluid, passing through the cooling zone, exits, and a collector, interposed between the cooling zone and the outlet, to collect the working fluid passing through the microchannels.

Abstract: A recording medium for storing information for still pictures, and a recording and/or reproducing method and apparatus therefor. A writeable and rewriteable recording medium stores data for a plurality of still pictures and audio data added thereto in one file or a space having a logically one-dimensional order, rather than in each file, and still picture group information for separating the still picture data into within a predetermined maximum number of groups in order to manage the still pictures at a group level is then stored on the recording medium. Thus, large-capacity still picture data and audio data added thereto can be recorded and/or reproduced using a minimum amount of information. The still picture group information includes general information for still picture groups, and information for still pictures in each still picture group.

Abstract: A method of detecting address information for an optical recording and/or reproducing apparatus, including: detecting and/or correcting by using the characteristic of a medium when additional data has a specific value with respect to an area of the medium among address area data on the medium, and/or the characteristic of an address that the address increases by specified unit, an error in detected address area data and outputting the result of error detection and/or correction; and providing optimal address information by using the result of the error detection and/or correction.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus including a swing arm pivotably installed in a tracking direction with respect to a disc, and an optical pickup unit supported by the swing arm and driven in a focusing direction, wherein the optical pickup unit includes a laser diode, an objective lens to focus light emitted from the laser diode on a recording surface of the disc, and a heat sink plate to dissipate heat generated from the laser diode, wherein the heat sink plate is provided close to the disc so as to be directly exposed to wind generated during rotation of the disc.

Abstract: A recording medium for storing information for still pictures, and a recording and/or reproducing method and apparatus therefor. A writeable and rewriteable recording medium stores data for a plurality of still pictures and audio data added thereto in one file or a space having a logically one-dimensional order, rather than in each file, and still picture group information for separating the still picture data into within a predetermined maximum number of groups in order to manage the still pictures at a group level is then stored on the recording medium. Thus, large-capacity still picture data and audio data added thereto can be recorded and/or reproduced using a minimum amount of information. The still picture group information includes general information for still picture groups, and information for still pictures in each still picture group.

Abstract: A read-only information storage medium having one or more recording layers and a method and apparatus reading/reproducing data, the read-only information storage medium having one or more recording layers, each layer containing a lead-in area, a user data area, and a lead-out area. The locations of the lead-in and lead-out areas may be fixed, and when an amount of user data recorded on the storage medium is less than a full capacity of the storage medium, data other than the user data is recorded on a space remaining after the user data has been recorded.

Abstract: An information storage medium having a plurality of information storage layers, each of which includes an optimal power control (OPC) area for obtaining an optimal recording condition, wherein OPC areas in odd-numbered and even-numbered information storage layers are disposed not to face each other and not to contact each other, or partially overlap each other and lock out use of the overlapped portion. Therefore, when an OPC area of one information storage layer performs OPC, this OPC does not affect another information storage layer.

Abstract: A versatile paper feeding device of an image forming apparatus includes a pick-up roller, a paper support tray under the pick-up roller to stack paper on, a paper support expansion tray to be able to freely slide toward or away from the paper support tray to support the trailing edge of the paper, a forward positioned paper alignment guide on the paper support tray to align a leading end portion of the paper, and a second paper alignment member formed on the paper support expansion tray to align a following end portion of the paper. When the versatile paper feeding device is used to print images on paper of various sizes, the paper can be properly positioned and straightly fed without skewing.

Abstract: A multi-layer structure whose volume changes when a temperature exceeds a predetermined threshold value, a microscopic structure drawing method that involves emitting a laser beam onto the multi-layer structure to create a temperature distribution within a beam spot and performing microscopic recording on a portion of the beam spot having a temperature higher than the threshold value, an optical disc master, and a mastering method using the same, where the multi-layer structure includes a substrate and a transformation layer formed on the substrate, wherein a volume of a portion of the transformation layer irradiated by a laser beam changes when the temperature of the portion exceeds a predetermined temperature. The microscopic structure drawing method includes emitting the laser beam onto a predetermined region of the transformation layer and heating the region of the transformation layer irradiated by the laser beam beyond a predetermined temperature so that the heated region can undergo a volume change.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a main frame; a developing unit, the developing unit including a photosensitive drum to form an electrostatic latent image on an outer surface thereof, a developing roller installed at one side of the photosensitive drum to develop the formed electrostatic latent image, and a developer plate having a drum shaft support groove to support both ends of a photosensitive drum shaft supporting the photosensitive drum and a roller shaft support groove to support both ends of a developing roller shaft supporting the developing roller; and a gap regulating mechanism to vary a gap between the photosensitive drum and developing roller in response to attachment/detachment of the developing unit to/from the main frame. Such image forming apparatus can promote preventing a migration phenomenon that low molecular weight elements leak out from particles constituting the developing roller or photosensitive drum, or that the rollers are squeezed.

Abstract: A laser scanning apparatus capable of preventing a secondary contamination of light transmitting windows and an image forming device having the same include a light emitting unit to emit light, a cover connected to a laser scanning apparatus body, and having at least one light transmitting window through which light passes, a cleaning member reciprocally disposed on the cover to clean the light transmitting window when on a cleaning path, and a guide unit to guide a movement of the cleaning member, so that the cleaning path is other than a returning path of the cleaning member and have different up and down periods from each other.

Abstract: A method of recording and/or reproducing data with respect to an information storage medium that includes a lead-in area, a user data area, and a lead-out area. Information about whether the information storage medium is compatible with a drive following an older version of standards is recorded in at least one of the lead-in and lead-out areas and is used during the recording and/or reproduction of data with respect to the information storage medium. Accordingly, the recording performance thereof is improved, and a drive following an older version of standards can record data on or reproduce data from a newer version of an information storage medium.

Abstract: A developing cartridge and an image forming apparatus having a photoreceptor drum are provided. The photoreceptor drum includes a pair of sleeves having outer diameter units inserted into the ends of a cylindrical drum on which a photoconductive material layer is formed, inner diameter units to which shafts are rotatably coupled, and at least two protrusion units separated from each other in a length direction of the shafts and contacting the shafts by protruding from the inner diameter units. Accordingly, the location tolerance and the assembly tolerance of the photoreceptor drum can be reduced by only modifying the shape of the sleeves, without adding additional parts. As a result, printing defects such as voids and unevenness can be advantageously prevented, since the developing nip and developing gap are formed very uniformly.

Abstract: An exhaust pipe protecting tip which protects an exhaust pipe and is easy to fabricate due to separate fabrication of the exhaust protecting tip including a guide and attachment of the exhaust pipe protecting tip to an ear portion of a chassis, and a plasma display module including the exhaust pipe protecting tip. An exhaust pipe protecting tip for protecting an exhaust pipe of a plasma display module having a chassis with an ear portion and an exhaust hole for the exhaust pipe, the exhaust pipe protecting tip comprising a protecting portion being cylindrically-shaped to protect the exhaust pipe; a mounting portion formed on a side surface of the protecting portion, to fix the protecting portion to the ear portion of the chassis; and a guide protruding from an end of the protecting portion, to be inserted into the exhaust hole of the chassis.

Abstract: A BCA (Burst Cutting Area) code including a unique disk code indicating the type of a disk is written in a BCA code area of the disk. If the disk is mounted into the optical disk player, the optical disk player reads data written in the BCA code area, extracts the disk code contained in the read data, and confirms the type of the disk corresponding to the extracted disk code by retrieving a disk code table in which disk codes corresponding to the types of disks are mapped.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for online modification/update of a database using a recordable optical disc. A user apparatus having a version of a database and an update date and time stored on the recordable optical disc communicates with a server which stores information for updating the database and an update date and time. A comparison of the respective dates and times is made and the server transmits updated information to the user apparatus based on the comparison. In one embodiment, the user apparatus transmits the update date and time stored on the recordable optical disc, the server makes the comparison and transmits the modified/updated information based on the comparison. In another embodiment, the user apparatus acquires the update date and time stored on the server, makes the comparison and acquires modified/updated information from the server based on the comparison.

Abstract: Provided is an antenna including: an antenna stick; and an antenna hinge pivotably attaching the antenna stick to an electronic device body. The antenna hinge includes: a support plate fixed to and combined with the electronic device body; a first connector connected to the antenna stick and pivotably combined with the support plate; a second connector deviating from a pivot center of the first connector and fixed in respect of the support plate; a third connector moving with the pivot of the first connector; and a spring having an elastic force varying with a distance between the second connector and the third connector. If the first connector pivots until the third connector passes a virtual first straight line connecting the pivot center of the first connector and the second connector, the first connector continuously pivots toward an identical direction due to an elastic restoring force of the spring.

Abstract: An optical recording medium has a user data area and a lead-out area, wherein the user data area and the lead-out area each has grooves and lands formed thereon. Wobbles are formed on at least one lateral surface of grooves of the user data area and the lead-out area, and configured such that wobble characteristics are made different between the user data area and the lead-out area. Different types of wobbles are formed on the grooves of either the user data area or the lead-out area, thereby preventing an optical pickup that performs recording/reproduction from deviating from the user data area. Also, in a multi-layer optical recording medium, a whole area of a recording layer is configured to have a same condition, thereby preventing deterioration in reproduction and/or recording due to a difference in light power transmittance of another recording layer.

Abstract: A developing unit and an electrophotographic image forming apparatus with the same, the developing unit having a simple structure for driving internal rotary components. In the developing unit, a photoconductor gear is formed on a side of a photoconductor to be rotated by an external driving force, a developer roller gear is formed on a side of a developer roller and engaged with the photoconductor gear to be rotated by the photoconductor gear, an idle gear is engaged with the developer roller gear to be rotated by the developer roller gear, a toner-supply roller gear is formed on a side of a toner-supply roller and engaged with the idle gear to be rotated by the idle gear, and an agitator gear is formed on a side of an agitator and engaged with the toner-supply roller gear to be rotated by the toner-supply roller gear.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes an insulation case that is thickly formed to prevent deformation and that includes a recess that receives at least a part of a cap assembly in the insulation case so as minimize unnecessary space between the cap assembly and the insulation case.