Abstract: In the fermentation production of gentamicin C a plurality of additional antibiotic compounds are obtained. Four of these compounds, gentamicin A, gentamicin B, gentamicin B.sub.1 and gentamicin X exhibit significant anti-protozoal and anthelmintic activity while gentamicin B and B.sub.1 have significant antibacterial properties with markedly reduced side effects.

Abstract: This invention relates to 1-amino naphthyridines prepared by a base-catalyzed condensation while in an aprotic solvent. In this condensation an o-alkyl aryl nitrile may be reacted either with the same or different o-alkyl aryl nitrile or with another nitrile. The 1-amino naphthyridines are useful as antifungal and antibacterial agents.

Abstract: 2-[4-(Polyhalo-2-hydroxy-2-propyl)anilino]-2-oxazolin-4-ones and the thiazolin-4-ones corresponding thereto, having useful anti-hypertensive properties, are disclosed herein. The compounds are prepared by reaction of the appropriate 4-(polyhalo-2-hydroxy-2-propyl)aniline with a .beta.-chloroethanoyl isocyanate or isothiocyanate and then cyclization of the resultant intermediate.

Abstract: Novel polyhaloisopropyl-substituted arylureas having potent antihypertensive properties are disclosed herein.

Abstract: The title compound is a novel substance which effectively treats helminthiasis.

Abstract: The aminocyclitol 2,5-dideoxystreptamine may be prepared by a novel two-step synthesis from cis-4,8-dioxatricyclo [5.1.0.0.sup.3,5 ]octane. The aminocyclitol and a novel intermediate in the synthesis thereof are utilized by a Micromonospora inyoensis (M. inoyensis strain 155OF-1G NRRL 5742) for the elaboration of a novel antibacterial agent designated Mutamicin 2.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel N-acyl-3-aryl-3-azetidinols useful as intermediates. A method is provided for their direct preparation from acyclic starting materials. These N-acyl-3-aryl-azetidinols provide a convenient route to the 3-azetidinol series.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for automatically inspecting liquid filled containers for particulate contaminants in relative size. The method comprising the steps of illuminating the liquid with a constant intensity light source, imaging the entire illuminated liquid volume, including the meniscus, into a plurality of image planes with fiber optic bundles, and monitoring the fiber optic bundles with an array of constant sensitivity photo transducers. Each photo transducer continually translates the illumination value of the vial image of an assigned and separate unit volume of the liquid-filled container into a voltage signal and each signal is monitored for a signal change indicative of particulate movement. The interfering output signal due to the meniscus decay is corrected, and the accept/reject decision is based upon a composite signal representative of all the differentiated signals received from the array of photo transducers.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel process for preparing 2-halogeno-nicotinic acids. The compounds, especially 2-chloro-nicotinic acid, are intermediates in the preparation of anilino nicotinic acid derivatives. The latter compounds are useful as analgesic anti-diarrheal and anti-inflammatory agents.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are 2-aminoalkyl-3-aryl-benzothiophenes and benzofurans useful as antimicrobial agents.

Abstract: Novel para-polyfluoroisopropyl-anilino-2-oxazolines and thiazolines are provided which exhibit potent antihypertensive properties without significant CNS depression.

Abstract: The present 2-substituted imidazolines and 2-substituted-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidines possess valuable anti-depressant and anti-inflammatory properties. The compounds are prepared by the condensation of an appropriately substituted nitrile with a diamine. For example, condensation of 2-pyridylbenzyl cyanide with 1,2-ethylene diamine or with 1,3-propylene diamine produces a 2-(2-pyridylbenzyl) imidazoline or a 2-(2-pyridylbenzyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine.

Abstract: Described are 3-oxo-7.alpha.-halogeno-17.alpha.-1,4-pregnadiene-21,17.beta.-carbolactone s and compounds related thereto, i.e. 2',3'.alpha.-tetrahydrofuran-2'-spiro-17(7.alpha.-halogeno-1,4-androstadie ne-3-ones) and (17R)-spiro-[7.alpha.-halogeno-1,4-androstadiene-17,1'-cyclobutane]-3,2'-d iones, all of which are valuable as aldosterone antagonists. Also described are the corresponding 7.beta.-hydroxy derivatives useful as intermediates.

Abstract: Micromonospora arborensis produces a plurality of antibiotics named herein antibiotic 68-1147 complex, when cultivated under controlled aerobic conditions. Two of the antibiotics, antibiotic 68-1147 I and antibiotic 68-1147 II are described and shown to be effective antibacterial agents, especially against gram positive bacteria.

Abstract: The process for removing a secondary hydroxyl group from an organic compound having at least one secondary hydroxyl group and having any amino groups protected, comprises the reaction of a reactive ester of said secondary hydroxyl group selected from the group consisting of an O-alkylthioester and an O-alkylselenoester with at least one mole of an organotin hydride, preferably tri-n-butylstannane, in an inert, aprotic solvent at a temperature of at least about 100.degree. C and under an inert atmosphere.The process is particularly useful in removing secondary alcohols in aminoglycoside antibiotics to produce deoxy derivatives thereof having antibacterial activity.Also described are novel O-sec.-alkylthiobenzoate, O-sec.-alkyl-S-methylxanthate, N-(sec.-alkoxythiocarbonyl)-imidazole esters, and di-O-alkylthiocarbonates having at least one secondary O-alkyl group, useful intermediates of the claimed process.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to the method for the treatment of psoriasis which comprises the topical administration to a mammal suffering from psoriasis of an effective dose for treating psoriasis of a 7X-5Q-3Y-3H-.gamma.-triazolo[4,5-d]-pyrimidine wherein X is halogeno, alkoxy, or --NRR.sub.1, R and R.sub.1 being lower alkyl, Y is cycloalkyl, hydroxycycloalkyl, phenyl, bicycloalkyl, or A--R.sub.2 with A being methylene or ethylene and R.sub.2 being phenyl or bicycloalkyl, and Q is hydrogen or Y.

Abstract: 3-Oxo-6-unsubstituted-7.alpha.-halogeno-4-dehydro steroids, wherein said halogen is chlorine, bromine or iodine, are prepared by reaction of a 3-oxo-6,7-di-unsubstituted-4,6-bis-dehydro steroid with at least an equimolar quantity of the corresponding hydrogen halide in a non-reactive organic solvent at temperatures no higher than about 30.degree. C, and then are isolated by removal of said solvent and any excess acid at temperatures no higher than about 25.degree. C without subjecting said 3-oxo-6-unsubstituted-7.alpha.-halogeno-4-dehydro steroid to a basic medium.A preferred species of this process is that wherein the starting steroid is a 3,20-dioxo-9-unsubstituted-11-oxygenated-1,4,6-pregnatriene-17,21-diol or ester thereof, preferably a 17,21-di-lower alkanoate or a 17-benzoate 21-lower alkanoate ester thereof, whereby is prepared in good yields a 3,20-dioxo-7.alpha.-halogeno-1,4-pregnadiene-17.alpha.,21-diol or ester thereof, useful as topical anti-inflammatory agents.

Abstract: Glycerol is efficiently converted to dihydroxyacetone by Acetobacter suboxydans at an acid pH under aerobic conditions in a medium consisting of yeast hydrolysate or fish hydrolysate, glycerol and water.

Abstract: Described herein are novel monoesters of rosamicin, also known as Antibiotic 67-694. Also described is a process for the preparation of such esters by the selective solvolysis of diester precursors. The monoesters are broad spectrum antibacterial agents but are generally more effective against gram-positive bacteria.