Abstract: A process for the preparation of irones by a chemical oxidation of irone precursors, comprising treating an iris rhizome substrate selected from the group consisting of iris rhizomes, parts of such rhizomes, iris extracts, iris extraction wastes, any plant tissues containing precursors of irones and mixtures thereof, is described.

Abstract: A novel pharmaceutical combination is described, together with a method of making the same and a method of treating hypertensive patients using the same, wherein (1) the pharmaceutically active antihypertensive agent and citric acid and (2) the pharmaceutically active antikaliuretic agent and a nonionic surfactant are mixed, either together or separately, to form an essentially homogenous combination composition, and only thereafter blending with excipients to form the novel combination composition in solid dosage form.

Abstract: The beta-ketoesters of formula I are useful as precursors for organoleptic compounds, especially for flavors, fragrances and masking agents and antimicrobial compounds.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the manufacture of a retinyl acylate of the formula I: wherein R1 is an optionally substituted C1-23-alkyl, a C2-23-alkenyl having 1 to 5 double bonds, an optionally aromatically substituted phenyl-C1-6-alkyl, or an optionally substituted phenyl. This process includes treating a compound of formula II: wherein R1 is defined above and R2 is hydrogen or COR1, with an agent that is an acid anhydride or a complex of sulfur trioxide in the presence of dimethylformamide. In addition to dimethylformamide, an aprotic organic solvent may optionally be present in the reaction. The products of the present invention are useful as intermediates for the manufacture of compounds of the vitamin A group or in certain cases as the compounds themselves.

Abstract: The compounds of the formula I are precursors for organoleptic and antimicrobial compounds. The latter are generated in the presence of skin bacteria, enzymes or acidic or alkaline conditions. One precursor molecule can provide one or more different compounds.

Abstract: Novel proteins of Flavobacterium sp. R1534 and the DNA sequences which encode these proteins are disclosed which provide an improved biosynthetic pathway from farnesyl pyrophosphate and isopentyl pyrophosphate to various carotenoid precursors and carotenoids, especially &bgr;-carotene, lycopene, zeaxanthin and cantaxanthin.

Abstract: The invention provides an intermediate compound (5-[2-hydroxy-5-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-2-methyl-cyclopentyl]-3-methyl-penta-2,4-dienyl)triphenylphosphonium salt for use in a multi-stage process for making an oxidative metabolite of the carotenoid, lycopene 2,6-cyclolycopene-1,5-diol. The intermediate compound has the formula: wherein Ph is phenyl and X1− is chloride, bromide, or hydrogen sulphate.

Abstract: A method for producing a protein by culturing a cell capable of expressing the protein and which contains a methylotrophic yeast promoter for an enzyme of the methanol metabolic pathway controlling expression of the protein, in a fermentative batch process comprising a batch phase and a feeding phase, under conditions such that dissolved oxygen is continually present in the culture medium throughout the process, and about 1% to about 100% of the carbon source during the feeding phase is a sugar or sugar polymer, which sugar or sugar polymer is provided in such an amount that the sugar or sugar polymer is continually depleted by the cell and therefore is substantially undetectable in the culture medium; and isolating the protein on completion of the feeding phase.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a symmetrical, terminally ring-substituted polyenes by reacting a polyene di(O,O-dialkyl acetal) with a cyclic dienol ether in the presence of a Lewis or Brönsted acid, hydrolyzing the condensation product resulting therefrom and cleaving off alcohol under basic or acidic conditions from the polyene derivative produced at this stage. The novel cyclic dienol ethers, as well as, novel intermediates resulting from the condensation and additional intermediates in this process form further aspects of the invention. The final products are primarily carotenoids, which find corresponding use, e.g., as colorings and pigments for foodstuffs, animal products, etc.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of citral is provided by the catalyzed rearrangement of dehydrolinalool to citral. The rearrangement is carried out in the presence of a molybdenum compound of the general formula MoO2X2 wherein X signifies an acetylacetonate or halide ion, and a dialkyl or diaryl sulphoxide as the catalyst system, in the presence of an organic acid having a pK value in the range of about 4.0 to about 6.5 and in an apolar aprotic organic solvent.

Abstract: Photostable, cosmetic light-screening compositions for the protection of the human epidermis and the hair against the ultraviolet rays of wavelengths between 290 and 400 nm comprising, in a cosmetically acceptable vehicle containing at least one fatty phase, about 0.5 to about 5%, in particular about 1 to about 4% by weight, of a dibenzoylmethane type UV-A screening agent and at least about 0.1% to about 20%, in particular about 0.

Abstract: A process for producing riboflavin glucoside comprises cultivating a microorganism belonging to the genus Bacillus, such as Bacillus brevis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus circulans, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus pumilus or Bacillus subtilis, which is capable of producing riboflavin glucosides, in an aqueous medium containing a starch under aerobic conditions. Amongst the preferred strains are Bacillus subtilis RB50::[pRF69]60Ade+ and Bacillus subtilis RB50::[pRF69]60[pRF93]120Ade+. The so-produced riboflavin glucoside can be used as a more soluble substitute for riboflavin to prepare clear drinks and injection solutions.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of dihydrocitral, a valuable intermediate, through the catalyzed rearrangement of dihydrodehydrolinalool by carrying out the rearrangement in the presence of a molybdenum compound of the general formula MoO2X2 wherein X signifies an acetylacetonate or halide ion, and a dialkyl or diaryl sulphoxide as the catalyst system, in the presence of an organic acid having a pK value in the range of about 4.0 to about 6.5 and in an aprotic organic solvent.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of trans-(R,R)-actinol by diasteroselective transfer hydrogenation of levodione comprises hydrogenating (R)-levodione in the presence of a hydrogen donor, which simultaneously can be used as the solvent, and an amino-amide-ruthenium complex, especially of the formula RuH(L{—H})(Y), wherein Y signifies a neutral ligand and L signifies an optionally optically active monosulphonylated diamine ligand, as defined in more detail in the description. Moreover, the invention is concerned with some of the amino-amide-ruthenium complexes and with the corresponding precursors to these complexes, which have halogen in place of H. The product of the process in accordance with the invention, trans-(R,R)-actinol, is known as an important building block for the synthesis of carotenoids, e.g. zeaxanthin. By the process trans-(R,R)-actinol is made available in particularly high enantiomeric and diasteromeric purity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated ketones of formula I. The new compounds exhibit an intense, very long lasting green galbanum-type odor with fruity undertones. Compositions containing these novel compounds are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optically clear composition of fat soluble vitamins useful to fortify beverages. In addition, beverages which have been nutritionally supplemented using the optically clear composition of fat soluble vitamins are also provided for in the present invention. In particular compositions of vitamin E or vitamin E esters are provided.

Abstract: A photochemical process for the production of previtamin D3 or a derivative thereof from 7-dehydrocholesterol is disclosed. The process includes irradiating the 7-dehydrocholesterol in a reactor with a UV radiation source, wherein the UV source includes an excimer or exciplex emitter which emits quasi-monochromatically according to the corona discharge mechanism in the UV range, and recovering previtamin D3 or a derivative thereof. Previtamin D3 compositions and derivatives made from this process are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a powder composition which comprises droplets of a fat soluble vitamin which droplets average about 70 to about 200 nanometers in diameter, and which are dispersed in a modified polysaccharide matrix, beverages and tablets containing the composition, and methods of making the composition.

Abstract: Unsaturated aldehydes are prepared by mixing propargyl alcohol, a catalyst and a conjugated diolefin and heating the mixture for a time and at a temperature sufficient to form an unsaturated aldehyde. The diolefin may be 2-methylpentadiene, 2(5,5 dimethyl 5 hydroxy pentyl)1,3 butadiene or myrcene. The catalyst may be inorganic, organic, organometallic or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, X and Y have the signficance given in the description, are useful in the control or prevention of inflammatory, immunological, bronchopulmonary or cardiovascular disorders.