Abstract: Polyol fatty acid polyesters are safe and effective agents for dissolving radiolucent gallstones when administered orally, either alone or, preferably, in conjunction with a litholytic bile acid.

Abstract: Certain oxaalkanoate zwitterionic surfactant-type compounds and their esters provide oral therapy for ulceration of the gastric mucosa. The oxaalkanoate zwitterionic compounds are especially preferred compositions used in the management of both gastric and duodenal ulcers.

Abstract: Zinc compounds, especially zinc salts of carboxylic acids, react with erythromycin to provide zinc erythromycin. Topical compositions containing zincerythromycin are especially useful as a topical treatment for acne.

Abstract: A composition and method for the preparation of a technetium-99m-based scanning agent are disclosed. The scanning agent is prepared from .sup.99m Tc, in a +3, +4 and/or +5 oxidation state, and a methanehydroxydiphosphonate bone-seeking agent which carries the radionuclide to bone mineral. The methanehydroxydiphosphonate agent provides scan sharpness equivalent or superior to commercial scanning agents, and is superior for detecting myocardial infarcts, as compared with commercial scanning agents such as ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate and methanediphosphonate.

Abstract: Technetium-99m has ideal characteristics for imaging the upper and lower GI tract and determining stomach emptying and intestinal transit time when used with an insoluble particulate material. For example, crystalline and amorphous calcium phosphate particles can be effectively labeled in a one-step process using .sup.99m TcO.sub.4 and SnCl.sub.2. These labeled particles have insignificant mass and when administered orally pass through the GI tract unchanged, without affecting the handling and density of the intestinal contents. Visualization of the esophageal entry into the stomach, the greater and lesser curvatures of the stomach, ejection into the duodenum, and rates of passage through the upper and lower GI tract are obtained. The slurry of .sup.99m Tc particulate can be given rectally by enema. Good images of the cecum and the ascending, transverse, and descending colon are obtained. Mucosa folds and the splenic and hepatic flexures are visualized.

Abstract: Non-absorbable polyol polyesters dissolve toxic lipophilic compounds in the stomach and intestine of humans and lower animals and thus decrease their absorption. The polyol polyesters also dissolve the toxic, lipophilic materials and their metabolites if they are excreted in bile, and prevent their resorption. The invention thus provides a means for detoxifying humans and lower animals which have ingested toxic lipophilic materials (e.g., DDT, Kepone, PCB, PBB) by accelerating the excretion of such materials that have accumulated in the body. The process involves oral administration to a human or lower animal in need of such treatment of a sufficient amount of a non-absorbable polyol fatty acid polyester to effect detoxification.

Abstract: Stable compositions, useful as technetium-99m-based scintigraphic agents, comprise hydroquinone in combination with a pertechnetate reducing agent or dissolved in pertechnetate-99m (.sup.99m TcO.sub.4.sup.-) solution. The compositions are especially useful in combination with a phosphate or phosphonate material which carries the radionuclide to bone, thus providing a skeletal imaging agent.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for neutralizing detergent acid mixes containing unreacted sulfating agent such as sulfuric acid with an alkaline component such as sodium hydroxide. The neutralization process is highly exothermic and contains as a by-product large amounts of sodium sulfate. Due to the exothermic nature of the reaction it is necessary to use heat exchangers to regulate the temperature of the reaction mass following the addition of the alkaline component. When the sodium sulfate is supersaturated in the reaction mass, it has been observed that sulfate salts buildup upon the surfaces of the heat exchanger and eventually the system must be shut down to remove the buildup. This invention is therefore directed to a continuous neutralization and heat exchange process wherein the downtime required for removal of the sulfate salts from the heat exchanger surfaces is effectively eliminated.

Abstract: A detergent composition contains perfume in the form of water-insoluble, friable microcapsules which become entrained in or on fabric during a laundering process and which release the perfume during manipulation of the dry fabric.

Abstract: Detergent compositions, which are particularly suitable for providing hydrophobic fabrics, such as polyester, with a soil release effect for oily soils, are disclosed. These compositions contain surface-active agents, polyester soil release polymers, and a component which dissociates in aqueous solution producing quaternary ammonium cations. The process of laundering hydrophobic fibers in aqueous solutions of these compositions is also disclosed.

Abstract: Detergent compositions, which are particularly suitable for removing oily soils from hydrophobic fibers, such as polyester, are disclosed, containing surface-active agents, polyester soil release polymers, and a component which dissociates in aqueous solution producing lithium, potassium, alkaline earth, zinc or quaternary ammonium cations. An embodiment of this invention includes compositions which contain surface-active agents, polyester soil release polymers, and a sufficient amount of detergency builder such that an aqueous laundry solution of the composition contains at least 1 .times. 10.sup.-4 moles/liter of alkaline earth metal ions. The process of laundering hydrophobic fibers in aqueous solutions of these compositions is also disclosed.

Abstract: Bleach-free detergent compositions for use in automatic dishwashers comprising an alkoxylated nonionic surface-active agent and a sulfonated aromatic compatibilizing agent. Preferred nonionic surfactants include ethoxylated nonionics and preferred compatibilizing agents can be selected from xylene-, toluene-, cumene-, benzene-, trimethylbenzene-, ethylbenzene- and ethylmethylbenzenesulfonate. The instant compositions possess enhanced anti-redepositon properties for soils composed of grease and grease-protein complexes thereby providing impeccably cleaned objects which are virtually free of spots and streaks.

Abstract: A laundry article providing fabric softening and static control benefits in a laundry dryer consists essentially of a water-insoluble substrate carrying an intimate mixture of a quaternary ammonium fabric softening and antistatic compound and a dispersion inhibitor. In the method aspect of this invention, the article is added to the automatic washer and is subsequently carried into the dryer with the fabrics where it provides fabric softening and static control benefits.

Abstract: Detergent compositions, particularly effective in removing oily soils from hydrophobic fibers, such as polyester, are disclosed, containing specific anionic surface-active agents, polyester soil-release polymers, and which may contain only limited amounts of certain incompatible anionic surface-active agents. The process of laundering fabrics in aqueous solutions of these compositions is also disclosed.

Abstract: A laundry article utilizing a water-insoluble substrate is disclosed. This article is added to the automatic washer, and is subsequently carried into the dryer with the fabrics in order to provide them with fabric softening and static-control benefits. By forming the laundry substrate articles such that the softening and static-control mixture penetrates into the substrate and extends above the substrate to a height of from about 1/32 inch to about 1/2 inch, improved softening and static-control performance can be attained and lower levels of softening and static-control actives may be used. A method for obtaining softening and static-control benefits, using these articles, is also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a general purpose household cleaner or cleaning composition in granular, powdered aggregated, agglomerated, pasty or liquid form, to be diluted in water, but which can be applied as such when in liquid form, effectively removing both organic- and inorganic-, acidic- and alkaline soil without requiring any additional rinsing step or steps and/or wiping, containing a specific organic, anionic surface-active detergent and a lower polypeptide having a molecular weight below 600, and an isoelectric point of at least 5.5, or mixtures of said polypeptides, or a protein hydrolysate containing mainly lower polypeptides, having an isoelectric point of at least 5.5, and a neutral carrier.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl group of from 8 to 16 carbon atoms or an alkaryl group having an alkyl chain of from 5 to 13 carbon atoms and n is a number from 1 to 6, are surfactant compounds having especial utility as grease and oil removing surfactants. The compounds can be utilized in built or unbuilt detergent compositions, either as the sole surfactant or as one component of a surfactant mixture.

Abstract: A laundry article utilizing a water-insoluble substrate is disclosed. This article is added to the automatic washer, and is subsequently carried into the dryer with the fabrics in order to provide cleaning, fabric softening and static control benefits. A method for obtaining cleaning and static control benefits, using these articles, is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of spray-dried granular detergent compositions containing an ethoxylated nonionic surfactant and a zwitterionic surfactant, wherein the degradation of the zwitterionic surfactant during processing is minimized, is disclosed. In the process, the nonionic and zwitterionic components are intimately mixed, in the absence of alkaline components, prior to their addition to an aqueous alkaline crutcher mix, which is formed into detergent granules by spray-drying.

Abstract: A granular detergent composition for use in automatic dishwashing machines is prepared by forming a dry mix of an alkali metal condensed phosphate and an anhydrous alkali metal silicate of small particle size and agglomerating the dry mix with a silicate solution. Conventional surfactants can be included in the composition. The process is particularly suited to the preparation of automatic dishwashing machine detergents having relatively low levels of phosphate builders.