Abstract: A static random access memory (SRAM) includes a memory array, a sense amplifier circuit, a replica circuit and a dummy cell. The replica circuit has the same elements as memory cells, and includes plural replica cells which output a signal whose level corresponds to the number of stages provided to a common replica bit line. The dummy cell is connected as a load with the common replica bit line. The source of a drive transistor of the dummy cell is connected with a power source which is at the High level. This suppresses a leak current flowing from a replica bit line to the dummy cell.

Abstract: A dark chamber is adapted to accommodate smoke particles. A photo emitter and a photo detector are disposed in the dark chamber. In a first region, a region where light emitted from the photo emitter passes and a region where the photo detector is capable of detecting light are overlapped, so that light emitted from the photo emitter and scattered by the smoke particles is detected by the photo detector. A photo converger converges light passed through the first region at a second region where is an outside of the first region.

Abstract: A radio apparatus and base station apparatus that flexibly respond to an increase or decrease in the number of users without being constrained by the number of users. An A-DPCH signal processing section (106) generates dedicated transmission signals corresponding in number to users multiplexed based on the number of users for each sector input from a control station apparatus and outputs the multiplexed signal to a multiplexing section (105). An HSDPA signal processing section (107) selects a transmission destination sector based on an instruction from a base station control section, generates multiplexed transmission data and outputs the multiplexed data to the multiplexing section (105). The multiplexing section (105) code-multiplexes dedicated transmission signals of A-DPCH and packet data in HSDPA communication for each sector and outputs the multiplexed data to a radio transmission section (104).

Abstract: Provided are: at least one or more series variable resistors implemented by field effect transistors connected to a signal line A; and at least one or more shunt variable resistors implemented by field effect transistors connected between a signal outputting section A and a reference potential section GND. Further provided are: at least one or more series variable resistors implemented by field effect transistors connected to a signal line B arranged in parallel to the signal line A; and at least one or more shunt variable resistors implemented by field effect transistors connected between a signal outputting section B and a reference potential section GND.

Abstract: A high frequency part, which amplifies a high frequency signal outputted from an intermediate frequency part and supplies to an antenna, is equipped with a gain controller with switch function. The gain controller with switch function comprises an attenuator with switch function has a function of switching a selected band between two bands outputted from the intermediate frequency part and controlling the gain of the high frequency signal in the selected band. The attenuator with switch function comprises a first variable resistor which connects a signal input part with a signal output part and a second variable resistor which is disposed parallel to said first variable resistor and connects a signal input part with a signal output part. The first and the second variable resistors are controlled by a common gain control voltage and set such that the gain control voltage ranges, which are for changing the resistor values, will not overlap with each other.

Abstract: A high frequency amplifier circuit has a bias supplying transistor for supplying a bias current to an amplifying transistor, and first and second temperature compensating transistors for compensating the temperature properties of the base voltage of the bias supplying transistor. The base of the bias supplying transistor and the base of the first temperature compensating transistor are connected by a resistor in order to keep the base voltage of the bias supplying transistor approximately constant without following a change in the base voltage of the first temperature compensating transistor, even in the case where such a change occurs. The temperature compensating transistors, the bias supplying transistor and the resistor are formed in one multi-emitter type transistor.

Abstract: Transmission device comprising a first rotary member mounted coaxially on a second rotary member. The first rotary member can rotate in one direction independently from the second rotary member, and in the opposite direction is constrained to the second rotary member in order to rotate solidly therewith. The device can assume a first and a second condition of use, wherein the first rotary member rotates in the two directions independently from the second rotary member, and a third condition of use wherein clamping means, integrally associated with the first rotary member, move from a position of non-interference to a constraint position wherein they constrain the second rotary member in order to make the first rotary member and the second rotary member rotationally solid.

Abstract: A surgical extractor for extracting foreign bodies through natural or surgical passages may include a flexible tube that penetrates inside the passages, a longitudinally rigid maneuvering wire that slides in the flexible tube and maneuvers slidably via its proximal end, and wire loops at the distal end of the maneuvering wire that may adopt a trapping position and an extracting position. The wire loops are joined at their distal ends where a tongue is formed in one of the wire loops and configured as a passage through which the other wire loops can pass with play and slide to a limited extent while maintaining squareness with respect to the wire loop having the tongue.

Abstract: A multi-engine aircraft having one engine positioned at the tail of the fuselage may include rear tail units in a vertical longitudinal plane-of-symmetry of the fuselage. The tail engine is disposed in front of the rear tail units on the upper part of the tail of the fuselage. The tail engine is mounted, in a detachable manner, on a rigid supporting structure attached to the supporting structure of the fuselage. A lowering shaft, formed in the tail of the fuselage and plumb with the engine, is supported by the rigid supporting structure. The lowering shaft provides a passage for the engine between a high position corresponding to the operational position of the engine and a low position in which the engine is removed from the fuselage.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for controlling the contact pressure of a transmission element of a continuously variable transmission, especially the traction element of a flexible drive for motor vehicles. The inventive device is provided with at least two levers as the transmission elements that provide the contact pressure depending on torque and ratio. Said levers are pivoted to the driving transmission elements and to the driven transmission elements and act upon an axially displaceable transmission element that indirectly or directly exerts the contact pressure via at least one rolling element each. The lever length effective to exert the contact pressure can be varied in accordance with the selected transmission ratio.

Abstract: In an amplitude detecting circuit, a phase shifter, into which an alternating current signal that is outputted from an AGC circuit is inputted, outputs first and second alternating current signals between which there is a phase difference. In addition, full wave rectifying is carried out in a first full wave rectifier on the first alternating current signal that is outputted from the phase shifter and in the same manner full wave rectifying is carried out in a second full wave rectifier on the second alternating current signal. Furthermore, in an averaging circuit, output signals of the first and second full wave rectifiers are averaged so as to generate an amplitude detection signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for using polymeric suds enhancers (stabilizers) to increase the suds and/or foam volume and suds and/or foam retention in suds-forming and/or foam-forming compositions comprising such polymeric suds stabilizers. Suitable suds-forming and/or foam-forming compositions comprise one or more polymeric suds stabilizers. The polymeric suds stabilizers suitable for use in the methods and/or compositions of the present invention comprise cationic, anionic, and noncharged monomer units, or units having mixtures thereof, wherein said polymers have an average cationic charge density from about 0.05 to about 5 units per 100 daltons molecular weight at a pH of from about 4 to about 12.

Abstract: A first FET is inserted in a series position between a signal input terminal and a signal output terminal, while second and third FETs are inserted in a shunt position respectively between the signal input terminal and a ground terminal and between the signal output terminal and a ground terminal. First and second reference voltage terminals and a control terminal are provided. A first reference voltage and a control voltage are applied to the first FET, while a second reference voltage and a control voltage are applied respectively to the second and third FETs, so that the first, second, and third FETs serve as variable resistors. As such, a gain control circuit is constructed. Further, a first resistor is provided in parallel to the first FET, while second and third resistors are provided respectively in series to the second and third FETs.

Abstract: Method and device for controlling and braking an aircraft running on the ground According to the invention, the aircraft (1) comprises two close undercarriage wheel assemblies (2D, 2G) and two distant undercarriage wheel assemblies (3D, 3G), the biggest of the braking commands (FD, FG) can, under certain conditions, be applied not only to the corresponding two undercarriage wheel assemblies, but also to the close undercarriage wheel assembly corresponding to the smallest braking command.

Abstract: A new nitriding process by using a salt bath to produce iron and steel parts having excellent abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance includes forming an iron lithium complex oxide layer at the outermost surface of the iron part by immersing the iron and steel parts in a salt bath containing cationic component of Li, Na and K and anionic components of CNO?and CO32?, where hydroxide compound selected from lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide are added to the salt bath. Materials being in a hydrated state or in a free water containing state can be used for preparation or replenishing of the salt bath. Moistened air of (1×10?2 kg·H2O)/(1 kg dry air) can be used for mixing the salt bath. Containing ratio of Li, Na, K is preferable where a solidifying temperature of the mixture of carbonates of Li, Na, K in that ratio is lower than 500° C.

Abstract: Only by replacing a conventional fuse element used for a redundant repair of a memory with a CMOS device, since physical processing is not required, there is an advantage on a circuit area in which the upper interconnection can be utilized. However, on a design of a semiconductor device, since the CMOS device requires application of a high voltage for rewriting, there is a problem of being subjected constraint of an arrangement of an interconnection or a semiconductor circuit. For that reason, by arranging the nonvolatile semiconductor memory circuit provided with the nonvolatile memory device which is constituted of a CMOS device between the IO blocks arranged at the periphery of the chip, physical processing due to replacing the conventional fuse element with the CMOS device will not be needed, so that while keeping an advantage on a circuit area that the upper interconnection can be utilized, the problem of the arrangement in consideration of high voltage application can be resolved.

Abstract: A high withstand voltage lateral semiconductor device capable of improving its on-state breakdown voltage and safe operation area (SOA) without lowering its current capabilities, and structured so as to be easy to produce.

Abstract: A method for forming a single crystalline film including the steps of forming an amorphous film on a single crystalline substrate, forming an opening in the amorphous film and thereby exposing a part of a surface of the substrate, and introducing atomic beams, molecular beams or chemical beams onto the surface of the substrate at their incident angle of not more than 40 degrees with respect to the substrate surface under a reduced atmosphere and thereby selectively and epitaxially growing a single crystalline film on the exposed surface of the substrate and then in a lateral direction parallel to the surface of the substrate on the amorphous film.

Abstract: A pivotal hinge mechanism for a mobile computer may include a swivel seat, a support seat, and first and second pivot mounting parts. The swivel seat and the support seat cooperate to form a pivot joint that allows the swivel seat to swivel through 180 degrees with respect to the support seat. The first and second pivot mounting parts swivel about an axis that is perpendicular to the axis of the swivel seat's rotation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a recessed hinge to make a temple elastic with respect to a respective end piece of a frame of a pair of spectacles. The hinge includes at least a male hinging element pivoted to at least a corresponding female element. The male hinging element includes at least a tie-rod able to slide with respect to the temple, a bushing arranged inside the temple and axially associated with the tie-rod, and an elastic means loaded between the bushing and an abutment element attached to the tie-rod. The female element includes a seating made in the end piece by removing material. The male hinging element also includes a hook element, solid with the tie-rod, housed in the seating, which articulates on a pin arranged inside the seating.