Abstract: A system, method and apparatus for transporting and/or storing radioactive materials, such as spent nuclear fuel. In one aspect, the invention is a jacket apparatus that is filled with a neutron absorbing fluid and adapted to facilitate a cyclical thermosiphon flow of the neutron absorbing fluid within the jacket when the neutron absorbing fluid is subjected to heat emanating from the cavity. In other aspects, the invention can be a method and container incorporating and/or using the same.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a polymer or resist pattern over a substrate includes coating a photosensitive polymer or resist over the substrate to form a polymer or resist layer, determining a portion of the polymer or resist layer to be exposed to light, placing a light adjusting layer in an optical path of light shone on the polymer or resist layer, and adjusting the light adjusting layer to adjust a direction or intensity of the light shone on the polymer or resist layer. Based on the method, it is easy to fabricate a polymer or resist pattern, a metal film pattern, metal pattern structure, and a polymer mold, each having three-dimensional structures with various slopes or shapes by adjusting a direction or intensity of incident light when performing a lithography process.

Abstract: Disclosed is a passive matrix-addressable memory apparatus. The passive matrix-addressable memory apparatus comprises: a plurality of first electrode lines horizontally arranged with respect to each other; a plurality of second electrode lines disposed orthogonal to the plurality of first electrode lines to be horizontally arranged with respect to each other; a memory unit formed between the plurality of first electrode lines and the plurality of second electrode lines, and containing an electrically polarizable material exhibiting hysteresis; and a switch unit. The switch unit comprises: first electrodes of a cantilever structure respectively formed between the memory unit and the plurality of first electrode lines to be electrically connected to the plurality of first electrode lines; and second electrodes electrically connected to the memory unit to be spaced apart from the first electrodes to face the first electrodes.

Abstract: A system (FIG. 5) and methods for selectively etching silicon nitride in the presence of silicon oxide that provide high selectivity while stabilizing silicon oxide etch rates. The invention comprises a processing chamber (10), dispense lines (20, 21, 22), feed lines (30, 31, 32), a recirculation line (40), a process controller (200), a concentration sensor (50), a particle counter (55), and a bleed line (90). The invention dynamically controls the concentration ratio of the components of the etchant being used and/or dynamically controls the particle count within the etchant during the processing of the at least one substrate. As a result etchant bath life is increased and etching process parameters are more tightly controlled.

Abstract: A method for easily detecting a memory error that may occur when a memory is accessed or an allocated memory is freed in the process of developing software is disclosed. The memory error detecting method includes: (a) generating an original block indication variable for indicating a starting memory block of a memory region allocated with respect to a variable included in a computer program; (b) detecting a memory error that may occur when the allocated memory region is accessed, by performing a certain operation (computing or arithmetic operation), before the allocated memory region is accessed, using a target block indication variable indicating memory block to be accessed in the allocated memory region and/or the original block indication variable; and (c) outputting information about a detected memory error.

Abstract: A metering servovalve for a fuel injector of an internal combustion engine has an electro-actuator and a fixed valve body, which defines a control chamber communicating with an inlet and with an outlet channel. The outlet channel has at least one calibrated restriction and exits through the lateral surface of an axial stem, on which a sleeve slides, in a substantially fluid-tight manner, to open/close the outlet channel and so vary the pressure in the control chamber. The outlet channel is closed by an end portion of the sleeve that is elastically deformable in a radially outward direction, under the thrust of the fuel pressure, to increase the diameter at which the seal against the valve body is formed, with respect to a non-deformed state, and to generate an axial unbalancing force on the sleeve upon opening when the outlet channel is closed.

Abstract: A spray cleaning device having an atomizing unit with at least one gas passage and at least one cleaning fluid passage converging into a atomizing area. The gas flowing though the gas passage and the cleaning fluid flowing through the cleaning fluid passages combine to form a mixture at the atomizing area. The accelerating unit has an acceleration passage for spraying the mixture onto a substrate surface. The gas passages are preferably angled with respect to the cleaning acceleration passage.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a thin film solar cell comprises performing dry cleaning of an insulation substrate on which a transparent electrode is formed, patterning the transparent electrodes to be spaced apart from each other, performing dry cleaning of the patterned transparent electrodes, forming a semiconductor layer on surfaces of the transparent electrodes and patterning a metal electrode on the semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A fluid dispenser for use in the processing of substrates. The dispenser has a dome shaped body with a convex upper surface and has a number of conduits designed to supply fluid to the surface of a substrate at predetermined points.

Abstract: A modulator apparatus comprising: an elongate housing having a distal portion and a proximal portion that flares outwardly from the distal portion; a cigarette lighter power adapter formed into the distal portion of the elongate housing; a user control panel located on the proximal portion of the elongate housing; an audio input jack in the elongate housing; a battery charging mechanism in the elongate housing for charging a battery of an external electronic device; a circuit located within the elongate housing and operably coupled to the cigarette lighter power adapter, the battery charging mechanism, the audio input jack, and the user control panel; and the circuit comprising means for transmitting an audio signal received by the audio input jack to a radio tuner.

Abstract: A system and method for storing high level waste. In one aspect, the invention is a system comprising: an outer shell having an open top end and a hermetically closed bottom end; an inner shell forming a cavity, the inner shell positioned inside the outer shell so as to form a space between the inner shell and the outer shell; at least one passageway connecting the space and a bottom portion of the cavity; at least one passageway connecting an ambient atmosphere and a top portion of the space; a lid positioned atop the inner shell, the lid having at least one passageway connecting the cavity and the ambient atmosphere; and a seal between the lid and the inner shell so at form a hermetic lid-to-inner shell interface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Field-Effect Transistor (FET) and, more particularly, to a Dielectric-Modulated Field-Effect Transistor (DMFET) and a method of fabricating the same. A DMFET according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a substrate in which a source and a drain are formed, wherein the source and the drain are spaced apart from each other, a gate formed on a region between the source and the drain, of the substrate, wherein at least part of the gate is spaced apart from the substrate, biomolecules formed below a region spaced apart from the substrate, of the gate, and a linker for combining the gate and the biomolecules.

Abstract: The present invention relates to integrated thin film solar cells, and more particularly, to integrated thin film solar cells, which minimize the loss of integrated solar cells caused at the time of a manufacturing process and become available at a low cost process, and a method of manufacturing thereof, a processing method of a transparent electrode for integrated thin film solar cells, which widens an effective area and reduces manufacturing costs by minimizing a (insulating) gap between unit cells of the integrated thin film solar cells, and a structure thereof, and a transparent substrate having the transparent electrode.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for duty cycle correction. The apparatus for duty cycle correction comprises a moving sum unit performing a moving sum calculation with respect to the square-wave signal and outputting the moving sum signal subjected to moving sum calculation, a comparison unit comparing the moving sum signal with a predetermined threshold voltage, outputting a high signal or low signal, a mean value calculation unit calculating the mean value of an output signal outputted from the comparison unit, the output signal being included in a section having a period integer times greater than that of the square-wave signal, and a threshold voltage control unit comparing the mean value with a middle value, increasing the threshold voltage when the mean value is greater than the middle value, and decreasing the threshold voltage when the mean value is less than the middle value.

Abstract: A system, method and apparatus for determining a physiological condition within a mammal based on pH and/or temperature measurements. The invention is for determining vaginal health and/or fertility status in a female mammal based on pH and/or temperature measurements of vaginal and/or cervical fluids or tissue. The invention is suited for taking either in vivo or external measurements. In one aspect, the invention is an apparatus comprising an elongated probe portion and a handle portion. In one embodiment, the circuitry of the apparatus is strategically split between the probe portion and the handle portion to facilitate a plug-and-play type of device. In another embodiment, an elongated probe is provided that has a hermetically sealed internal cavity that houses the circuitry while leaving the temperature sensor and the pH sensor exposed for direct contact with the desired biological fluid. In a further embodiment, an ISFET is used as the pH sensor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a radio frequency signal receiver, and more particularly, to a radio frequency signal receiver of a communication system, in which local devices exchange a radio frequency signal with each other. The object of the present invention is to provide a radio frequency signal receiver that exactly restores data from a received signal without a complex circuit restoring a phase of a received signal. It is another object of the present invention to provide a radio frequency signal receiver that eliminates noise when the noise is included in the received signal, estimates an exact data rate of the received signal, and exactly restores received information based on the estimated data rate thereof.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus, a method, a receiver, and a computer readable recording medium for time synchronization offset compensation. The apparatus includes an average time synchronization offset calculator, a reference clock frequency difference calculator, and a time synchronization offset compensator. The average time synchronization offset calculator calculates an average time synchronization offset between a phase reference symbol of a time-synchronization acquired frame and phase reference symbols of frames subsequent to the time-synchronization acquired frame. The reference clock frequency difference calculator calculates a reference clock frequency difference between a transmitter and a receiver. The time synchronization offset compensator compensates a time synchronization offset.