Abstract: Compounds of the formula I are suitable photoinitiators which accumulates at the surface of the formulation in which R is for example phenyl and A is a surface-active radical of the formula III Y is a divalent group C3–C12cycloalkylene, C6–C12bicycloalkylene; C1–C6alkylenen-C3–C12cycloalkylene, C1–C6alkylene- C6–C12bicycloalkylene or C1–C10alkylene interrupted by one or more non-consecutive C3–C12cycloalkylene, —U—C3–C12cycloalkylene, C6–C12bicycloalkylene or —U—C6–C12bicycloalkylene; C1–C10alkylene interrupted by one or more non-consecutive O and C3–C12cycloalkylene, —U—C3–C12cycloalkylene, C6–C12bicycloalkylene and/or —U—C6–C12bicycloalkylene; U is U? or U? U? is —(CH2)aCOO—; U? is —Si(CH3)(CH3)— or —(CH2)a—Si(CH3)(CH3)—, a is a number from 1 to 10; b is a number from 0 to 10; with the proviso that they are, however, at least 1 if the methylene group in question is between two oxygen atoms.

Abstract: Novel compounds of formula I are described wherein E corresponds to the formula or to the formula and the radicals R1, R2, R11, R22, R?22, R?33 and R?33 are as defined in claim 1. Compounds of formula I are suitable for stabilizing organic material, especially plastics materials, surface-coatings, cosmetic preparations, sun protection agents or photographic material, against damage by light, oxygen and/or heat.

Abstract: Polymer compositions comprising a polymeric substrate and an effective stabilizing amount of a synergistic mixture of a nano-scaled filler and at least one additive selected from the group consisting of the hindered amine light stabilizers are effectively stabilized against the deleterious effects of oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation.

Abstract: Polymeric substrates, for example polyolefins such as polypropylene, can be made flame retardant by the incorporation therein of a synergistic mixture of (i.) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of nitroxyl stabilizers, hydroxylamine stabilizers, nitrone stabilizers, substituted hydroxylamine stabilizers, amine oxide stabilizers, benzofuranone stabilizers phosphite and phosphonite stabilizers, quinone methide stabilizers and monoacrylate esters of 2,2?-alkylidenebisphenol stabilizers and (ii.) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of brominated flame retardants, phosphorus containing flame retardants and inorganic flame retardants such as ammonium polyphosphate or decabromodiphenyl oxide; wherein the amount of organic or inorganic flame retardant of component (ii.) required to achieve an acceptable level of flame retardancy is significantly reduced compared to that needed when component (i.) is not present.

Abstract: The invention relates to ?-hydroxy ketones of formula I or IIa; or mixtures of compounds of formula I and II; or mixtures of compounds of formulae Ia and IIa

Abstract: Provided is a novel one-pot, organic solvent-free process for the preparation of 2-(2-nitrophenylazo) substituted phenols. The 2-(2-nitrophenylazo) substituted phenols are precursors for hydroxyphenylbenzotriazole UV absorbers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition and process for enhancing the controlled radical polymerization in the presence of nitroxyls and nitroxylethers by adding a chain transfer agent selected from the group consisting of mercaptanes, thioethers and disulfides to the polymerizable mixture. A further subject of the invention is the use of mercaptanes, thioethers and disulfides for increasing rate and yield of controlled radical polymerizations in the presence of a nitroxyl or a nitroxylether.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ink jet ink, an ink jet recording material or an ink jet system comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a) the dialkyl hydroxylamine stabilizers, b) the nitrone stabilizers and c) the amine oxide stabilizers. The present stabilizer compounds provide ink jet prints with outstanding light stability, gas fade stability and dark storage stability. The hydroxylamines are for example N,N-dihydrocarbylhydroxylamines of the formula R1R2N—OH, wherein R1 and R2 are independently benzyl, methyl, ethyl, octyl, lauryl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl or octadecyl, or wherein R1 and R2 are each the alkyl mixture found in hydrogenated tallow amine. The nitrone and amine oxide stabilizers are for example nitrone and amine oxide analogues of the dialkylhydroxylamine stabilizers.

Abstract: A color photographic material is described containing a compound of formula (I) wherein, if n=1, R1 is, inter alia, a radical of formula (II), and, if n=2, R1 is unsubstituted or C1–C4alkyl- or hydroxy-substituted phenylene or naphthylene; or —R12—X—R13—, and other residues are as defined in claim 1. The compound of formula (I) is effective as scavenger of the oxidized form of the developer (Dox scavenger), especially when contained in an interlayer between light sensitive layers. Selected compounds of this class can also be used as additives, for example as dye stabilizer, in color photographic materials, or as an antioxidant for organic materials.

Abstract: Concentrates of various classical biocides in a polyester carrier resin when incorporated into a substrate resin, preferably a polyolefin such as polypropylene or polyethylene, provide the substrate polymer which biocidal activity with superior resistance to discoloration (yellowing) than when the biocide is directly incorporated into the substrate polymer as a powder at the same total concentration.

Abstract: Polyolefin films having incorporated therein a compound of the formula CH3CH2(CH2CH2)aCH2CH2(OCH2CH2)bOH, where a is 9 to 25 and b is 1 to 10, exhibit superior long lasting fog resistance. The polyolefin films are useful as packaging film for moist products and as a greenhouse film for agricultural applications.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a thermoplastic polymer composition useful in greenhouse films to enhance plant growth or in general bio-mass production. Further aspects of the invention are a process for enhancing plant growth in greenhouses by incorporating a photoactive additive together with light stabilizers into the greenhouse film and the use of the condensation product of dialkylamino benzaldehyde and barbituric acid together with light stabilizers as a plant growth enhancing additive in polymeric greenhouse films.

Abstract: The present invention relates to highly compatible, high molecular weight hydroxyphenylbenzotriazole UV-absorbers and for their use in protecting plants in green houses and the protection of foodstuffs, beverages, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, personal care products, shampoos and the like from the deleterious effects of ultraviolet radiation. It has been found that certain highly compatible, high molecular weight hydroxyphenylbenzotriazole UV-absorbers are especially effective towards this end when incorporated in the containers or films in which such materials are stored.

Abstract: New oxime sulfonate compounds of the formula (I) and (II), wherein R1 is C1-C12alkyl, C1C4haloalkyl, hydrogon, OR9, NR10R11, SR12 or is phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by OH, C1-C18alkyl, halogen and/or C1-C12alkoxy; R2, R3, R4 and R5 are for example hydrogen or C1-C12alkyl; R6 is for example is C1-C18alkylsulfonyl, phenyl-C1-C3alkylsulfonyl or phenylsulfonyl; R?6 is for example phenylenedisulfonyl or diphenylenedisulfonyl; R7, R8 and R9 for example are hydrogen or C1-C6alkyl; R10 and R11, are for example hydrogen or C1-C18alkyl; R12 is for example hydrogen, phenyl or C1-C18alkyl; A is S, O, NR13, or a group of formula A1, A2 or A3, R21 and R22 independently of one other have one of the meanings given for R7; R23, R24, R25 and R26 independently of one another are for example hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl, halogen or phenyl; Z is CR22 or N; and Z1 is CR22 or N; and Z1 is CR22 or N; and Z1 is CH2, S, O or NR13 are particularly suitable as photo-latent acids in resist applications.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I in which Ar is a group or unsubstituted or substituted cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, naphthyl, biphenylyl or an O-, S- or N-containing 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring; R1 and R2 are C1-C20alkyl, OR11, CF3 or halogen; R3, R4 and R5 are hydrogen, C1-C20alkyl, OR11 or halogen; R6 is unsubstituted or substituted C1-C24alkyl, C2-C24alkyl, which is interrupted by O, S or NR14 and is unsubstituted or substituted; C2-C24alkenyl, uninterrupted or interrupted by O, S or NR14 and unsubstituted or substituted; unsubstituted or substituted C7-C24arylalkyl; C4-C24cycloalkyl, uninterrupted or interrupted by O, S and/or NR14; or C8-C24arylcycloalkyl; R11 is C1-C20alkyl, C3-C8cycloalkyl, phenyl, benzyl or C2-C20alkyl, interrupted by O or S and unsubstituted or substituted; R12 and R13 are hydrogen, C1-C20alkyl, C3-C8cycloalkyl, phenyl, benzyl or C2-C20alkyl, interrupted by O atoms and unsubstituted or substituted; or R12 and R13 together are C3-C5alkylene, uninterrupted or interrupted by O,

Abstract: The invention relates to liquid sulphur-containing antioxidants and to compositions comprising them. The novel lubricant compositions comprise the reaction product of a selected group of 5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methyl(or tert-butyl)phenyl substituted carboxylic acid esters with thiodiethylene glycol and a mono-hydroxy alcohol with a carbon chain length higher than 4 C-atoms. The novel lubricant compositions are highly resistant to oxidative degradation and are capable of reducing the negative effects of deposits, such as black sludge, in motor combustion engines, particularly spark ignition internal combustion engines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ink-jet ink, an ink-jet recording material or an ink-jet system containing at least one water-soluble hindered amine compounds of the general formula (I) or (II): wherein G1 and G2 are independently alkyl of (1) to (4) carbon atoms or are together pentamethylene; Z1 and Z2 are each methyl, or Z1 and Z2 ?together form an unsubstituted linking moiety or a linking moiety substituted by one or more groups selected from an ester, ether, hydroxy, oxo, cyanohydrin, amide, amino, carboxy or an urethane group; E is oxyl; X is an inorganic or organic anion; and wherein the local charge of cations h is equal to the total charge of anions j.

Abstract: A mixture of a polyester, such as poly(ethylene terephthalate) PET, or a polyamide, and a suitable stabilizer selected from the group consisting of hydroxylamine stabilizers, substituted hydroxylamine stabilizers, nitrone stabilizers and amine oxide stabilizers, when extrusion compounded exhibits a lower residual acetaldehyde content than does polyester or polyamide alone when similarly treated. The invention pertains to any polyester or polyamide used in the manufacture of molded articles, fibers or films, for instance bottles or containers which are used to store consumer materials, for example food, beverages and water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ink jet ink, an ink jet recording material or an ink jet system comprising at least one sterically hindered N-hydroxylamine strong acid salt, for example 1-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxypiperidinium chloride or bis(1-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)sebacate dihydrochloride; or comprising at least one dialkyl N-hydroxylamine salt, for example chloride, bisulfate, sulfate, phosphate, nitrate, ascorbate, formate, acetate, benzoate, oxalate, citrate, a carboxylate of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid or polyacrylate salts of N,N-diethylhydroxylamine, N,N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)hydroxylamine, N,N-bis(3-hydroxypropyl)hydroxylamine, N,N-dibenzylhydroxylamine or the N,N-di(alkyl)hydroxylamine produced by the direct oxidation of N,N-di(hydrogenated tallow)amine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing organosilicon group containing photoinitiators of the formula (I), wherein m is a number from 1 to 200; q is 0 or 1; A is IN-C(O)—O—CHR3—Y— or IN-C(O)—NH—CHR3—Y—; A? is A or R1?; R1 and R1?, R2 and R2? are C1–C18alkyl or phenyl, or —(O)q—SiR1R1?R2; R3 is hydrogen or C1–C6alkyl, Y is a divalent group selected from C1–C10alkeylene, C2–C10alkenylene or —(CH2)b—O—(CH2)a—; and b are each independently of the other a number of 1 to 6; IN is a photolabile functional moiety of the formula (II) or (III), wherein R4 is hydrogen or —C(O)—C(O)—OH or —C(O)—C(O)—OC1–C6alkyl and n is 1–3; R5 and R6 are C1–C12alkyl or together are cycloC5–C7alkyl; R7 is hydroxy, C1–C6alkoxy or morpholinyl; X is —(CH2)a—, —(CH2)b—O—(CH2)a— or —(CH2)b—O—CO—(CH2)a—; a and b are each independently of the other a number of 1 to 6; whereby the process is characterized in that a photolabile functional moiety containing a carboxy group (IN-COOH) or an alkoxycarbonyl group (IN-CO—OC1–C6alkyl) is reacte