Abstract: In the present method for broadcasting a message in an incomplete radio communication network (2) having a fluctuating number of subscribers (4-12) for forwarding the message, with each subscriber having a transmitting and receiving device for messages and a positioning system for determining his global position, subscribers (6-12) determine their own position, and the distance d from the sender of the message, who is also a subscriber (6-12), after receiving the message, and transmit the message, with their own position, to further subscribers (6-12) after a predetermined waiting period t, which decreases monotonically as the distance d increases. This measure ensures a rapid transmission of the message that does not burden the radio communication network (2).

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor chip having an edge and having a surface with a plurality of electrodes. A film is mounted over the surface of the semiconductor chip, the film has first and second surfaces and has a device hole. The first surface of the film is oriented toward the surface of the semiconductor chip and so that the device hole exposes the electrodes of the semiconductor chip. Connecting conductors are disposed at the first surface of the film and extend into the device hole to the electrodes. Electrode pad holes are provided in the film, at positions between the device hole and the edge of the semiconductor chip to expose the conductors.

Abstract: The wiring structure provided to the semiconductor memory device comprises a main wiring layer and barrier metal layer each established in the substrate and is connected to the lower electrode of a capacitive element. The main wiring layer and lower electrode are isolated from each other by a barrier metal layer acting as a material impermeable to oxygen; as a result, the main wiring layer is not easily oxidized.

Abstract: An optical CDMA encoder-decoder is constructed by combining arrayed-waveguide gratings, matrix optical switches, and delay lines, otherwise by combining arrayed-waveguide grating and variable delay lines, thus providing an encoding process that a wavelength change with respect to time in optical pulses. The light includes a wide spectrum band width inserted into a CDMA encoder/decoder and is demultiplexed by arrayed-waveguide gratings. Each wave length according to the demultiplexed spectrum component spreads out in the time region based on delay time differences produced by delay lines having differential optical lengths. Thus, in CDMA, the dependency of wavelengths on delay time can be set arbitrarily.

Abstract: In blow molding, each mold has two or more cavities, each respectively fed by two or more parisons. Each cavity fed by a separate parison may itself include two or more article cavities aligned with its parison.

Abstract: A wireless transmitter transmits data with at least two different levels of required quality on the same wireless channel. The transmitter has a multiplexer that multiplexes the data into frames, each frame containing data with at least two different levels of required quality, and a power controller that controls the transmitting power of each type of data separately within each frame, thereby avoiding the use of excess transmitting power.

Abstract: To improve the handling of a needle (1) having a selector element (16) that is seated to pivot on the needle body (2), a fastening element (32) is additionally provided. This element secures the selector element (16) to the needle body (2) in a form fit. One or more individual securing elements (34, 35, 36) acting in the transverse direction (33) serves or serve as the fastening element (32). The individual securing elements (34, 35, 36) can act in one direction or in both transverse directions. They are embodied to prevent the selector element (16) from falling out of the needle body (2) in both lateral directions. For this purpose, at least one individual securing element 34, 35, 36 that acts in the transverse directions 33a, 33b is provided. It is possible to combine all of the individual securing elements 34, 35, 36.

Abstract: An electronic intermediary electronically connects with a tax data provider and collects electronically tax data from the tax data provider. The electronic intermediary processes the tax data collected electronically, and prepares an electronic tax return using the processed tax data.

Abstract: When an echo attenuation amount ACOM(i) is smaller than a desired echo attenuation amount ACOM, and an echo cancellation amount ACANC(i) is equal to or greater than a echo/noise ratio E/N(i), a block length computer increases the block length BL(i) and outputs that increased block length BL(i) to a block length controller. The echo canceler comprises such a block length computer and such a block length controller, wherefore the echo attenuation amount can ultimately be made to be equal to or greater than the desired echo attenuation amount.

Abstract: An optical waveguide device having a large difference in specific refractive index and manufacturing method therefor. An embedded silicon oxide layer of a Silicon on Insulator substrate is used as an under cladding 102, a core 103 is formed by processing the silicon layer of this Silicon on Insulator substrate, and an upper cladding 104 is formed by depositing a silicon oxide film on the surface of the Silicon on Insulator substrate. Because the difference in refractive index between silicon and silicon oxide is large, it is possible to achieve an optical waveguide with a large difference in specific refractive index. As a result of increasing the difference in specific refractive index of an optical waveguide, a smaller and lower-cost optical circuit can be achieved. In addition, because a Silicon on Insulator substrate is used, the number of manufacturing processes can be reduced.

Abstract: A luminance (Y) and a color difference (C) signal separator switches filters according to an image and separates a Y signal and a C signal included in a composite color picture signal to eliminate a degradation which would otherwise be involved at a transition point because of the characteristics of the filters. A first weighting circuit calculates the weighted average of the C signals extracted from the composite signal by a comb filter and a three-line comb filter. A second weighting circuit calculates the weighted average of the C signals extracted by the three-line comb filter and a two-line comb filter. When the motion level of the image exceeds a predetermined threshold, a selector selects, as the final C signal, the signal output from the second weighting circuit. When the motion level is equal to or lower than the predetermined threshold, the selector selects, as the final C signal, the signal output from the first weighting circuit.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for the direct preparation of pure warfarin sodium from warfarin acid. The reaction is conducted in a polar organic solvent, preferably ethanol, using a volatilizable base, preferably sodium bicarbonate or sodium carbonate, at low temperature. Drying the final product is accomplished at low temperature to avoid decomposition of the final warfarin sodium product.

Abstract: Systems and methods of maintaining data in a synchronized state by simplifying and automating the file conversion process in a continuous and mostly background manner are described. The system cycles through iterations and searches a specified source directory (and its subdirectories) for source files. Any source files it encounters for the first time are converted and stored at a specified destination, creating a destination file. A time and date stamp of the destination or converted file is stored in a database. For source files encountered for the second or subsequent time, the date and time stamps of all of these source files are compared against the database that contains file name, date and time information for the converted or destination files. The system automatically converts any source files that are newer than its corresponding destination file.

Abstract: The packet repeater machine in accordance with the present invention comprises a forward table, a forward destination registration part and a header conversion part. The forward table stores the relationship between the forward origination address and the forward destination address. The forward destination registration part registers the forward origination address and the forward destination address to the forward information storage means based on the input information from outside. The header conversion part compares a destination address, which is stored in a packet to be transmitted from a first network to a second network, and the forward origination address registered in the forward information storage means, and, if these addresses match, convert the destination address to the forward destination address. The packet repeater machine of the present invention executes processing for switching addresses as a part of packet relay processing.

Abstract: A sequential processing for heavy petroleum residues is disclosed which uses a separate mixture of catalyst and adsorbent. The solid adsorbent and FCC (fluids catalytic cracking) catalyst particles differ significant at least on particle size or density or both. The adsorbent preferably consist of calcined coke or metal oxides of Al, Si, or Mg having enhanced ability of selectively capture different impurities of the residual oil. The adsorbent particles first treat the residual hydrocarbons in the riser bottom end subsequently the actual catalyst tales care of catalytic cracking in the upper section of the riser. The spent solid mixture is fed to the catalyst separator which uses steam at sufficiently high velocity but at lower temperature to lift the catalyst particles out of the separator. Such a novel low temperature faster separation minimizes Vanadium mobility and deactivation of the catalyst. A net coke stream is withdrawn from the separator/burner especially while processing residues above 5 wt % CCR.

Abstract: A trunk carries out mutual exchange of voice data and MAC frames used in a public telephone circuit. A SLIC carries out mutual exchange of voice data and MAC frames used by PBX telephone devices. Internet protocol telephone devices conduct communications using MAC frames. A LAN switch houses a trunk, SLIC, and Internet protocol telephone devices, and switches ports in accordance with the destination address contained in a MAC frame. A main CPU executes communications protocols for call origination processing, call reception processing and disconnection processing, by communicating with the trunk, SLIC and Internet protocol telephone device.

Abstract: In an arrangement of a collecting receptacle integrated into a production machine in the tobacco-processing industry for collecting tobacco products sorted out from the production machine during a production process, the collecting receptacle is removable from the production machine and is comprised of two parts.

Abstract: To present a SOI type MOS element excellent in yield, performance and characteristic, easy in manufacture, and low in cost, and a method of manufacturing the same. A SOI type MOS transistor structure comprising polysilicon electrodes 128 for gate, source and drain composed by burying into trench holes 120a, 120b, 120c respectively formed in a semiconductor substrate 110, a gate oxide film 122 formed in the entire inside of the trench hole 120a, N− diffusion layer 124 and N+ diffusion layer 126 formed in the entire inside of the trench holes 120b and 120c, and a thick SiO2 film 114 in a trench hole 113 formed in the semiconductor substrate 110 so as to surround the transistor.

Abstract: A protective apparatus for preventing the infiltration of contaminants in a fluid-operated percussion device, having a striking tool (3) that is guided to move in a housing (2) and is driven by a percussion piston in the striking direction (arrow 1), and a seal (7) that is supported at least indirectly on the housing (2), on the one hand, and on the striking tool (3), on the other hand, and has a securing segment that is fixedly disposed with respect to either the housing or the striking tool. The seal (7) is disposed between the inner guide portion (5b) of the striking-tool guide and the theoretical striking plane (4) of the percussive piston on the striking tool (3), when seen in the direction opposite the striking direction (arrow 1), such that the countersurface (3e) for the seal, which countersurface moves relative to the securing segment (7a) of the seal (7) and is in contact with the seal, is unaffected by wear.