Abstract: A fan drive (1) includes a drive shaft (6), a fluid friction clutch (2) as well as a fan (3). The fluid friction clutch (2) includes a drive disc (5) as well as a housing (4) having a front-end housing part (4a) and a rear-end housing part (4b). The housing (4) is journalled on a drive shaft (6) via at least one bearing (7). Air flows against the fluid friction clutch (2) and the fan (3) in flow direction (L). An air-conveying unit (13) is mounted in flow direction (L) behind the fluid friction clutch (2). The fan drive is especially for a motor vehicle.

Abstract: A phase contrast electron microscope has an objective with a back focal plane, a first diffraction lens, which images the back focal plane of the objective magnified into a diffraction intermediate image plane, a second diffraction lens whose principal plane is mounted in the proximity of the diffraction intermediate image plane and a phase-shifting element which is mounted in or in the proximity of the diffraction intermediate image plane. Also, a phase contrast electron microscope has an objective having a back focal plane, a first diffraction lens, a first phase-shifting element and a second phase-shifting element which is mounted in or in the proximity of the diffraction intermediate image plane. The first diffraction lens images the back focal plane of the objective magnified into a diffraction intermediate image plane and the first phase-shifting element is mounted in the back focal plane of the objective.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine (8) has an ignition device, a device for supplying fuel and a device for detecting the rpm of the engine (8). The engine (8) includes a permissible limit rpm (ng) and a control range (A) of the rpm (n) above the limit rpm (ng). A method for operating the engine (8) provides that the rpm of the engine (8) is limited in the control range (A) because of suppression of the ignition in individual engine cycles wherein the rpm (n) lies above a control rpm (na) lying in the control range (A). In the control range, and to improve the exhaust-gas values, the noncombustion engine cycle ratio (NECR) is adjusted. The NECR indicates the ratio of the number of engine cycles wherein the ignition is suppressed to the total number of ignitions.

Abstract: The invention relates to an eye surgery microscopy system (1) having an imaging optic (14, 11) for the generation of the image of an object plane (15) and having an electronic image sensor (22), which detects the image of the object plane (15) and is connected to a computer unit (5) for the computation of the position of the center of a circular structure (44) of a patient eye (16). The computer unit (5) is designed for the computation of the position of a patient eye (16) outside of the center (52) of the circular structure (44) and provided with at least one marking (46, 48). The computer unit (5) determines the position of the at least one marking (46, 48) with reference to the computed center (52) by means of image processing via correlation with a comparison information, and an angular position of the at least one marking (46, 48) with reference to the computed center (52) by means of image processing.

Abstract: A cover assembly for an air spring for vehicles includes a cover (1) and a buffer (2) in the cover (1). The cover (1) is made from plastic and has reinforcing ribs (3) on the inside. The stop buffer (2) has slots on the side thereof facing the cover (1) in a manner corresponding to the reinforcing ribs (3) of the cover (1). The ribs (3) of the cover (1) are inserted into the slots (8). Damage to the buffer (2) by impact of the ribs (3) on the buffer (2) is thus avoided.

Abstract: For the microscopy of an object or a specimen with a combination of optical microscopy and particle beam microscopy, an electrically conducting specimen carrier (1) is used which is configured for use in a particle beam microscope as well as in an optical microscope and has at least one alignment mark (2). The alignment mark is configured as a pass-through structure and is detectable from the top and from the bottom of the specimen carrier.

Abstract: A particle beam apparatus has an optical axis (OA), an illuminating system (1, 2, 3, 4) for illuminating an object, which is positioned in an object plane (7), with a beam of charged particles and an objective (6) for imaging the illuminated object. The beam of charged particles is split at the object into a null beam and higher diffraction orders. The illuminating system is so configured that it generates an annularly-shaped illuminating aperture in a plane Fourier transformed to the object plane (7). A phase-shifting element (9) is mounted in a focal plane (15) of the objective (6) or in a plane conjugated thereto. The focal plane (15) faces away from the object plane (7). The phase-shifting element can be an einzel lens having two outer electrodes and one or several inner electrodes disposed therebetween when seen in the direction of the optical axis. The phase-shifting element can have an additional electrode at or near the optical axis.

Abstract: An air filter unit (1) for a carburetor (2) of a portable handheld work apparatus includes a filter element (3) and at least one clean air channel (10, 11) arranged between the filter element (3) and the carburetor (2). At least one condensation rib (29, 30, 31, 32) is arranged in the clean air channel (10, 11) running in flow direction.

Abstract: A method and an optical arrangement for removing contamination on optical surfaces (26), which are arranged in a vacuum environment in an optical arrangement, preferably in a projection exposure apparatus (1) for EUV lithography. The method includes generating a residual gas atmosphere containing molecular hydrogen (18) and at least one inert gas (17) in the vacuum environment, generating inert gas ions (21) by ionization of the inert gas (17), preferably with EUV radiation (20), and generating atomic hydrogen (27) by acceleration of the inert gas ions (21) in the residual gas atmosphere, to remove the contamination.

Abstract: A charge-air hose assembly includes a charge-air hose (2) for connecting to a pipe stub (4). The charge-air hose (2), in the assembled position, is pushed into the pipe stub (4) in such a way that overpressure occurring in the charge-air hose (2) presses the charge-air hose (2) radially outward against the radial inner wall (6) of the pipe stub (4). The charge-air hose (2) is assigned a latching device which, during the insertion of the charge-air hose (2) into the pipe stub (4), latches with the pipe stub (4) so as to axially fix the charge-air hose (2) to the pipe stub (4) in a predetermined axial position of the charge-air hose (2) relative to the pipe stub (4).

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a cylinder (2) and a crankcase (4). A combustion chamber (3) is formed in the cylinder (2) and is delimited by a piston (5). The piston (5) rotationally drives a crankshaft (7) in a rotational direction (21) via a connecting rod (6). The crankshaft (7) is arranged in a crankcase interior space (17). A mixture inlet (9) is provided in the crankcase interior space (17). In the crankcase interior space (17), at least one flow conducting element (23, 33, 43, 53, 63, 73) is provided which is spatially fixed and this flow conducting element projects into the crankcase interior space (17) and lies opposite to the rotational direction (21) of the crankshaft (7).

Abstract: The invention relates to a bearing, in particular a chassis bearing for the rear axle of a motor vehicle, with an outer bearing sleeve, an inner bearing sleeve, at least one elastomer body arranged between the outer and inner bearing sleeves and two chambers which are arranged laterally opposite each other on the outer bearing sleeve. The chambers each have an adjusting element. The adjusting elements are displaceable. When subjected to pressure, the adjusting elements are displaced inwardly against the inner bearing sleeve. The adjusting elements can be clamped in their axial position by clamping rings which can be reduced in size radially, for example by means of air pressure. The inner bearing sleeve is thereby fixed and the rigidity of the bearing increased.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rubber mixture, in particular for vehicle air-inflated tires, seat belts, belts and hoses. The rubber mixture is characterized by the following composition: at least one polar or non-polar rubber and at least one bright and/or dark filler and at least one softener, wherein the softener is free of polycyclic aromatics according to Directive 76/769/EEC, and wherein the carbon source for the softener comes from non-fossil sources, and other additives.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel artificial intraocular lens (IOL) and a method for improving such a lens in the field of ophthalmology, with surface shape modifications that differ from perfect spherical geometries. The intraocular lens takes into account the natural optical configuration of the human vision apparatus, for example, visual axis tilt and pupil decentration. In addition, the method accounts for potential positioning errors caused by implantation and surgery effects.

Abstract: A water trap (1) improved with respect to handling and operational safety includes: two semipermeable membranes (2) and at least one tank (7), wherein the membranes have a water penetration pressure greater than 750 hPa and are made of the same or different PTFE laminates. The gas flow is divided in a ratio between 10:90 and 25:75 into the flush-/purge branch and analysis branch to the sensors (12) and a path parallel to the sensors (12), respectively, with the aid of the membranes and downstream filter elements and via the material and configuration.