Abstract: A methylol-substituted trihydroxybenzophenone of the formula (I): ##STR1## This methylol-substituted trihydroxybenzophenone may be reacted with selected phenolic monomers during or after the formation of a phenolic novolak resin thereby said resin having at least one unit of formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R and R.sub.1 are individually selected from hydrogen, a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Described herein is a developer for alkali developable photoresists which comprises the addition of a selected fluorinated amphoteric surfactant to an aqueous basic solution.

Abstract: Process for producing dimer-free phenolic polymers, particularly novolak polymers produced from cresol mixtures, and photoresist compositions containing such dimer-free novolak polymers. The process comprises reacting phenolic polymers containing phenolic dimers with a capping agent, such as a silylating agent, to cap all of the phenolic hydroxy groups. This reduces the distillation temperature of the capped dimers and renders the capped polymer stable at such distillation temperature. The capped dimers are distilled off, and finally the phenolic polymer is uncapped. Dimer-free novolaks produce scum-free developed photoresist images.

Abstract: A positive photoresist composition containing (i) a quinone diazide polymer formed by reacting a cresol-formaldehyde novolac resin and an o-quinonediazide compound, and (ii) a sulfonamide development enhancement agent.

Abstract: Described herein is a process for desmearing and etching back the surface of a nonconductive substrate which comprises (a) contacting the substrate with a strong acid; (b) then contacting the substrate with an aqueous basic solution; and (c) contacting the substrate with a reducing agent dissolved in a strong acid.

Abstract: A thermally curable conductive polymer thick film composition comprising, by weight:(a) about 3-15 parts of at least one thermoplastic vinyl acetate/vinyl chloride/dicarboxylic acid multipolymer resin;(b) a second thermoplastic resin selected from the group consisting of:(i) about 1-6 parts of at least one thermoplastic polyurethane resin;(ii) about 2-10 parts of at least one thermoplastic polyester resin; or(iii) about 1-10 parts of a mixture of at least one thermoplastic polyurethane and at least one thermoplastic polyester resin;(c) about 0.05-1 parts of a tertiary amine;(d) an effective amount of at least one organic solvent capable of substantially dissolving (a), (b), and (c) ingredients; and(e) about 50-80 parts of silver flake.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hydraulic fluid composition comprising: (a) a base fluid and (b) as an anti-mist additive, an alkylene-vinyl ester copolymer having a molecular weight of between about 5,000 and about 100,000 and soluble in said base fluid. In another aspect, the present invention relates to a process for imparting flame retardancy and reduced wear characteristics to a hydraulic system which comprises adding to the hydraulic system the above-identified hydraulic fluid composition.

Abstract: A thermally curable polymer thick film compositions comprising, by weight:(a) about 3-15 parts of at least one poly(hydroxystyrene) resin;(b) a crosslinking resin selected from the group consisting of:(i) about 5-25 parts of at least one blocked isocyanate resin; or(ii) about 2-10 parts of at least one melamine-formaldehyde resin;(c) an effective amount of at least one organic solvent capable of substantially dissolving (a) and (b) ingredients;(d) conductive particulate matter selected from the group consisting of:(i) about 50-80 parts silver flake;(ii) a graphite/carbon black mixture consisting of:(aa) about 15-45 parts graphite; and(bb) about 1-10 parts carbon black; or(iii) a mixture of (i) and (ii).

Abstract: Described herein is an improved process for electroplating a conductive metal layer to the surface of a nonconductive material comprising pretreating the material with a carbon black dispersion followed by a graphite dispersion before the electroplating step.

Abstract: Described herein is a liquid color toner composition containing a resin binder and a plasticizer which is compatible with the binder. The toner is very transparent and produces excellent quality images when used in xeroprinting processes.

Abstract: A thermally curable polymer thick film compositions comprising, by weight:(a) about 3--15 parts of at least one poly(hydroxystyrene) resin;(b) a crosslinking resin selected from the group consisting of:(i) about 5-25 parts of at least one blocked isocyanate resin; or(ii) about 2-10 parts of at least one melamineformaldehyde resin;(c) an effective amount of at least one organic solvent capable of substantially dissolving (a) and (b) ingredients;(d) conductive particulate matter selected from the group consisting of:(i) about 50-80 parts silver flake;(ii) a graphite/carbon black mixture consisting of:(aa) about 15-45 parts graphite; and(bb) about 1-10 parts carbon black; or(iii) a mixture of (i) and (ii).

Abstract: A thermally curable conductive polymer thick film composition comprising, by weight:(a) about 3-15 parts of at least one thermoplastic vinyl acetate/vinyl chloride/dicarboxylic acid multipolymer resin;(b) a second thermoplastic resin selected from the group consisting of:(i) about 1-6 parts of at least one thermoplastic polyurethane resin;(ii) about 2-10 parts of at least one thermoplastic polyurethane resin;(iii) about 1-10 parts of a mixture of at least one thermoplastic polyurethane and at least one thermoplastic polyester resin;(c) about 0.05-1 parts of a tertiary amine;(d) an effective amount of at least one organic solvent capable of substantially dissolving (a), (b), and (c) ingredients; and(e) about 50-80 parts of silver flake.

Abstract: The process for electroplating a metal layer to the surface of a nonconductive material which comprised the steps:(a) contacting said substrate surface with an alkaline permanganate solution for an effective time and at an effective concentration and at an elevated temperature to prepare said substrate surface for a metal layer to be electroplated thereto;(b) then contacting said substrate surface with an aqueous neutralizer/conditioner solution, said solution comprising water, at least one nuetral or acidic reducing agent, and at least one polyelectrolyte polymer conditioner;(c) then contacting said substrate surface with a liquid dispersion of carbon black comprised of:(1) carbon black particles having an average particle size of less than about 3 microns in said dispersion;(2) an effective dispersing amount of a surfactant which is compatible with said carbon black; and(3) a liquid dispersing medium, wherein the amount of carbon black is sufficient to coat substantially all of the nonconducting substrate s

Abstract: Described herein is an improved process for electroplating a conductive metal layer to the surface of a nonconductive material comprising the following steps:(a) preparing a liquid dispersion of carbon black comprised of:(1) carbon black particles having an average particle diameter of less than about 3.

Abstract: A thermally curable conductive polymer thick film composition comprising, by weight:(a) about 3-15 parts of at least one thermoplastic vinyl acetate/vinyl chloride/dicarboxylic acid multipolymer resin;(b) a second thermoplastic resin selected from the group consisting of:(i) about 1-6 parts of at least one thermoplastic polyurethane resin;(ii) about 2-10 parts of at least one thermoplastic polyester resin; or(iii) about 1-10 parts of a mixture of at least one thermoplastic polyurethane and at least one thermoplastic polyester resin;(c) about 0.05-1 parts of a tertiary amine;(d) an effective amount of at least one organic solvent capable of substantially dissolving (a), (b), and (c) ingredients; and(e) about 50-80 parts of silver flake.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a method for the preparation of colored magnetic particles for multicomponent toner compositions in which colors are produced by means of a chemical reaction of different metallic oxides formed on the surface of the magnetic particles.

Abstract: The process of developing an image-wise exposed positive-working photoresist-coated substrate comprising the steps of:(1) coating said substrate with a radiation-sensitive composition useful as a photoresist; said composition comprising an admixture of:(a) at least one alkali-soluble binder resin;(b) at least one photoactive compound; and(c) a sufficient amount of at least one solvent to dissolve (a) and (b); subject to the proviso that said photoactive compound (b) is a mixture of fully and partially esterified o-naphthoquinone diazide esters of a polyhydroxyaromatic compound having at least four hydroxyl groups capable of being esterified by said diazide groups.

Abstract: A thermal CVD process for forming a selected refractory metal-containing film onto a substrate comprising the steps of:(a) introducing a subvalent refractory metal amide as a reactant gas capable of forming said metal-containing film into a CVD reaction zone containing said substrate on which said metal-containing film is to be formed; said subvalent metal amide having formula (I):[M[NRR'].sub.x ].sub.y (I)wherein M is molybdenum, tungsten, or chromium;wherein R and R' are individually selected from hydrogen and lower alkyl groups having 1-4 carbon atoms, with the proviso that at least one of R or R' must be a lower alkyl group;wherein x is selected from 2, 3, 4, or 5; andwherein y is selected from 1 or 2.(b) maintaining the temperature of said zone and said substrate at about 200.degree. C. to about 1,000.degree. C.;(c) maintaining the pressure in said zone at about 0.

Abstract: A light-sensitive composition comprising an admixture of:(a) at least one alkali-soluble binder resin;(b) at least one photoactive compound;(c) a sufficient amount of a solvent mixture comprising ehtyl lactate and ethyl 3-ethoxy propionate to dissolve (a) and (b);wherein the amount of said binder resin is from about 60% to 95% by weight, the amount of said photoactive compound is from about 5% to about 40% by weight, both based on the total solids content of said light-sensitive composition, and wherein the weight ratio of ethyl lactate to ethyl 3-ethoxy propionate is from about 30:70 to 80:20.

Abstract: A plasma CVD process for forming silicon carbide-type films onto a substrate comprising the steps of:(a) introducing a di-tert-butylsilane vapor into a CVD reaction zone containing said substrate on which a silcion carbide film is to be formed;(b) maintaining the temperature of said zone and said substrate at about 100.degree. C. to about 400.degree. C.;(c) maintaining the pressure in said zone at about 0.01 to about 10 torr; and(d) passing said gas into contact with said substrate while exciting said gas with a plasma for a period of time sufficient to form a silicon carbide-type film thereon, wherein said plasma is excited by DC or RF power of about 10 to about 500 watts.