Abstract: An apparatus for determining the roll angle of a rotating projectile, shell, missile or the like as it leaves the barrel or launch tube includes a magnetized part with a known polarization direction provided in the projectile, and two pairs of windings mounted at the very front of the muzzle bell of the barrel in such a way that a voltage is induced in the windings when the projectile passes the mouth, and an evaluation unit is designed to calculate, based on the voltage signals, the roll angle position of the projectile upon firing.

Abstract: A device is employed in a recoil system for large-caliber ordnance, to effectuate damping of the recoil system during its rearward movement with simultaneous storage of energy obtained from the recoil kinetic energy of the recoil system. The device then supplies thus stored energy, to the recoil system on its recuperative movement which follows the recoil movement. The device may also supply energy to other energy consumers disposed on or in the proximity of the gun. The device may also receive additional energy in the event of energy supply shortage.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining the roll angle position of a rotating projectile, with the aid of polarized electromagnetic radiation, comprises a transmitter for emitting a position-determining polarized radiation in the direction towards the projectile and a receiver arranged in the projectile for receiving the transmitted radiation. The emitted radiation consists of two components, a first component in the long-wave (LF) band and a second component in the microwave band. The microwave component comprises a pulse train in which the pulses are intended to indicate when the long-wave component is situated in a certain phase position, for example, to indicate the sinusoidal long-wave component's zero cross-overs with a positive-going derivative. This takes place in such a way that a synchronizing pulse is emitted by the long-wave transmitter to the microwave transmitter which transmits a short series of microwave pulses as an indication to the projectile.

Abstract: An ammunition unit includes an impact fuse for sensing the hardness of a target and, based on the sensed hardness, triggering a burst inside, at or outside the target. The impact fuze includes a first sensor for sensing soft targets having a first outer cone with a conductive inner surface and a first inner cone surrounded by the first outer cone having a conductive outer surface. These conductive inner surfaces come in contact with each other upon an impact of the ammunition unit against a soft target due to deformation of the outer cone towards the first inner cone. A second impact sensor for sensing hard targets includes a second inner cone with a conductive outer surface and the first inner cone having also a conductive inner surface and surrounding the second inner cone, the first inner cone being deformable or displaceable towards the second inner cone with the conductive surfaces coming into contact with each other upon impact against hard targets, but not during impact against a soft target.

Abstract: A submunition which is arranged to be separated from a missile or projectile for example, a shell canister or the like, over a target area including an active part, in the form of a warhead, a target detector and means for imparting to the submunition a controlled rotation for scanning of the target area in a helical pattern during the descent of the submunition towards the target area. The target detector is displaceable in order to allow a free view at the side of the warhead. The two diametrically situated aerofoils are pivotable from a folded position, in which the aerofoils connect with the outer surface of the submunition, to a 90.degree. unfolded position, in which the two aerofoils form a braking area for controlling the rate of descent of the submunition. The two aerofoils are pivotally arranged via a double joint.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of attaching a wear part to an earth-working tool and a thereto adapted wear part. Characteristic of the invention is that the parts are joined together by means of a press fit which in turn is blocked by means of pretensioned resilient locking means which when fitted in place continually act upon the parts in the direction of interconnection. The invention provides a play-free and reliable interconnection for the tool and wear part, which is also very easy to remove.

Abstract: A projectile is provided for penetration into targets of both slight and great resistance to penetration. The projectile is also operative for exploding the payload of the projectile after penetration. The projectile includes a forward barrier of high strength material and a fuse adapted to be detonated on impact with targets. This fuse operates with high sensitivity on impact with targets of slight resistance to penetration and by delayed action which permits explosion of the payload of the projectile after penetration. A delayed action charge included in the fuse is placed behind the barrier and is allocated a protected position where shock waves which occur in the forward material portions of the projectile are prevented from triggering or actuating the delayed action charge. The delayed action charge is exposed to a unit placed between the barrier and the delayed action charge, the unit, when the fuse is detonated, effectuating a reliable ignition of the delayed action charge.

Abstract: The invention relates to means for reducing the spread of shots in a weapon system in which the shots are fired from the weapon in a ballistic trajectory from a launching device towards a target. It comprises means for measuring the position of the target, means for measuring the muzzle velocity of the ammunition unit, and, in one embodiment, also means for measuring the actual trajectory parameters of the ammunition unit (shell, projectile or the like), for instance the reduction of velocity in a specific trajectory distance. In response to these values the impact point is predicted. A braking command is transmitted to the ammunition unit via a radio line in response to the difference between the actual position of the target and the predicted impact point for braking the velocity of the ammunition unit in order to improve the hit probability. The braking means preferably comprises a plurality of braking flaps distributed about the periphery of the ammunition unit.

Abstract: This invention relates to a wear-parts system for earth-moving machines such as digger, loading, and mining machines. This wear-parts system consists of a holder (2, 23) and at least one protruding wear-part (8, 24) in the form of a tooth or similar fixed on the front of the holder (2, 23) by means of a wedge or other locking device (15, 16, 38).

Abstract: This invention refers to a locking device (14) for a wear-parts system (1) and (2) for earth moving machines. The locking device (14) consists of a rigid lock bolt (17) connected to a lock catch (19) which is intended to prevent the lock bolt (17) falling out after it has been fitted in the lock opening (12, 13) for this purpose where it prevents the different parts (1) and (2) of the wear-part from moving relative to each other. According to this invention the lock catch (19) is designed so that it can be easily fitted in position together with the lock bolt (17) and there provide the best possible locking action. On the other hand no regard has been paid to the lock catch (19) being able to be loosened from the outside in order to remove the lock bolt (17). Instead a breaking point (29) has been provided along the fixation of the lock catch (19) in the lock bolt (17). The breaking point (29) makes it possible by means of subjecting the lock bolt (17) to forces e.g.

Abstract: A mechanism to be utilized for winding wire on a spool in tight coils without space between them. The mechanism includes rotating devices (14) and (16) which when activated rotate the spool (12) about its longitudinal axis (13). A wire guiding unit is arranged to be automatically moveable in all directions to the side of the thus rotating spool. The unit comprises a pressure roller (2) or equivalent which with a predetermined force presses that section of wire which during winding runs inwards at an angle against that section of wire which comprises the previous coil of wire in the layer being wound. During winding the pressure roller (2) adjoins and presses the section of wire being wound against the last wound coil of wire and the mantle surface of the spool or the already wound underlying layer of wire.

Abstract: A hollow charge for causing a primary effect by making a hole in a target (1) and a secondary effect by charge material emanating into the target via this hole (1a) and causing a sudden pressure rise, fire, fragmentation, poison or a corresponding damaging effect within the target. The charge comprises a cavity (9) expanding in the burst direction and covered with a metal layer (10). At the initiation of the charge a forward directed penetrating jet (2) having a high velocity (v.sub.1, v.sub.2) is generated and also a slug (3) with a comparatively low velocity (v.sub.3). The charge further comprises an additional body (11) in front of or integrated with the metal layer for generating a separate jet part (4) at the initiation of the charge, which part (4) follows behind the penetrating jet (2) and is included in the charge material causing the secondary effect.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a weighbridge consisting at least partially of cast concrete portions, and a method of producing such a bridge. With the object of increasing the accuracy of a weighbridge, of facilitating and cheapening the production of a weighbridge, it is proposed according to the present invention that the bridge (1) should be disposed resting against two beams (5) which are disposed along the long sides of the bridge and supported by transmitter members (6), that at least two transverse beams (7) are disposed secured between the longitudinal beams (5) of the bridge, preferably at the short sides of the bridge, that the cast portions of the bridge are surrounded by an edge lining (3) preferably of sheet metal bearing downwards against the tops of the beams (5, 7), and that the cast portions preferably comprise a corrugated or profiled bottom metal sheet (12) resting substantially against the longitudinal beams of the bridge.

Abstract: A method of coating which involves applying to a surface a dispersion containing a main bonding agent and a temporary bonding agent. The main bonding agent is not film forming at room temperature. Next the continuous phase of the dispersion is permitted to evaporate or is driven off, followed by precipitation of the main bonding agent and the temporary bonding agent to form a porous powder layer on the surface. The temporary bonding agent bonds the main bonding agent to the surface. The porous layer is then exposed to a solvent which causes the particles of the bonding agents to flow together, and any excess solvent is removed.

Abstract: Electric mass and force measuring apparatus which includes two force transducers, one of which provides an electrical output signal which is proportional to the gravitational force acting on the mass to be determined, and the other providing an electrical output signal which is proportional to the gravitational force of a known mass. A signal processor responds to both of the electrical output signals and provides an output signal which represents the unknown mass. The force transducers are of the type which respond only to a force component acting in a predetermined direction, and are supported in a common frame in a manner which insures that the predetermined directions of the transducers are parallel to each other. The force transducers are preferably of the beam type and include a beam which is freely deflectable at one end and rigidly secured to another beam which extends freely to the side of the first-mentioned beam, while also being shorter than such first-mentioned beam.

Abstract: Apparatus for supporting and elevating a gun barrel, wherein a pair of telescoping cyclinders are attached to the barrel and frame of the gun, respectively. A piston assembly positioned between the cylinders supports the unbalanced weight of the barrel against a fluid medium with a control valve varying the resulting pressure ratio during elevation of the barrel.

Abstract: An apparatus for correcting the terminal portion of the ballistic trajectory of a projectile. The projectile is initially fired at a target in a manner to cause the projectile to rotate in flight. At least one detector is mounted on a front surface of the rotating projectile to rotate with the projectile and scan the target area in a spiral pattern. A laser beam is directed to hit the target and a reflected portion of the beam energizes the scanning detector. The energized detector transmits an ignition signal to activate a trajectory correction motor and an associated nozzle having a plug that is weakened in response to the signal. The activated motor operates during the terminal portion of the trajectory to generate a thrust pulse that is passed through the nozzle having the weakened plug. The thrust pulse is directed by the nozzle to correct the trajectory of the projectile.