Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a method for generating induced oligodendrocyte-lineage cells (induced OLGs) and treatment using such cells. The induced OLGs are useful in cell therapy, in particular for demyelinating diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical component comprising a dielectric layer and a nanorod array; the nanorod array is formed on a surface of the dielectric layer and extends along a lateral direction and a vertical direction. The nanorod array comprises a plurality of nanorods extending along the dielectric layer. The nanorods have a gap between one another, and an angle is defined by two adjacent nanorods. A bump is formed at each of two ends of the nanorod.

Abstract: An isolated or a synthetic targeting peptide comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 90% identical to SEQ ID NO: 8 is disclosed. The targeting peptide may be conjugated to a component selected from the group consisting of polymeric micelles, lipoprotein-based drug carriers, nanoparticle drug carriers, a chemotherapeutic agent, a micelle, a liposome, dendrimers, a polymer, a lipid, an oligonucleotide, a peptide, a polypeptide, a protein, a prostate cancer cell, a stem cell, and an imaging agent. Also disclosed are a kit for imaging and detecting the presence of prostate cancer cells in vivo or in vitro, and a composition for treating prostate cancer, inhibiting prostate cancer cell growth, inducing prostate cancer cell cytotoxicity, and/or increasing the survival rate in a prostate cancer patient.

Abstract: In this disclosure, an optical component which comprises an array of metalenses is provided. Each metalens comprises a plurality of nanostructures and a dielectric layer and the nanostructures are disposed on the dielectric layer, and the nanostructures comprises an array of first phase compensation structures, and an array of second phase compensation structures. The array of the first phase compensation structures are disposed to surround the array of the second phase compensation structures so as to define a single metalens. The first and second phase compensation structures are complementary to each other and substantially satisfy the Babinet's principle.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel bifunctional compounds and their uses for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of cancers.

Abstract: An isolated anti-SCL)BE2 (Signal peptide-complement protein Clr/CIs, Uegf: and Bmp 1 (CUB)-epidermal growth factor (EGF) domain-containing protein 2) antibody or a binding fragment thereof is disclosed. The anti-SCUBE2 antibody comprises an antigen binding region that specifically hinds to a target domain located within SCUBE2 (SEQ ID NO: 66) and exhibits a property of inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis. The target domain is selected from the group consisting of the EGF-like motifs 4 to 6 ranging from a.a. position 175 to 323, or the spacer region ranging from a.a. position 441 to 659, or the first cys-rich motif ranging from a.a. position 668 to 725 of SCUBE2 (SEQ ID NO: 66). The anti-SCUBE2 antibody or binding fragment thereof is for use in treating a disease associated with VEGF-induced angiogenesis, or in treating a tumor or inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and cancer cell growth in a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a bi-specific antibody that specifically directs a therapeutic agent to a cancer cell by targeting a tumor antigen of the cancer cell, and thereby suppressing the growth of the cancer or blocking the invasion or metastasis of the cancer. The bi-specific antibody of the present disclosure includes a first antigen binding site that binds to polyethylene glycol (PEG); and a second antigen binding site that binds to a target ligand, such as a tumor antigen.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a fluorescent nitrogen-vacancy diamond (FNVD) having a plurality of nitrogen-vacancy centers with a concentration about 1 ppm to 10,000 ppm. The FNVD as built-in fluorophores exhibit a nearly constant emission profile over 540 nm to 850 nm upon excitation by vacuum ultraviolet (VUV), extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and X-rays for the energy larger than 6.2 eV. Applying the FNVD sensor can measure VUV/EUV/X-rays as a sensing sheet, manufacturing method and uses thereof, sensor and lithography apparatus. The superb photostability and broad applicability of FNVDs offer a promising solution for the long-standing problem of lacking robust and reliable detectors for VUV, EUV, and X-rays.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a bi-specific antibody that specifically directs a therapeutic agent to a cancer cell by targeting a tumor antigen of the cancer cell, and thereby suppressing the growth of the cancer or blocking the invasion or metastasis of the cancer. The bi-specific antibody of the present disclosure includes a first antigen binding site that binds to polyethylene glycol (PEG); and a second antigen binding site that binds to a target ligand, such as a tumor antigen.

Abstract: Described herein is a method for loading a hydrophilic compound into liposomes after addition of an alkylester group to form an esterified compound. After loading, the alkylester is hydrolyzed to reform the hydrophilic compound inside the liposomes. Also described is a method for loading drugs under a glucuronide methylester form into liposomes. The glucuronide methylester form of the drug is saponified to a glucuronide form of the drug inside the liposomes for better drug retention. The glucuronide residue conjugated to drugs can be removed inside cells to regenerate the parental drug upon cell uptake, liposomal degradation and enzyme hydrolysis. In case of cancer, this method can be used to safely deliver drugs to tumors.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to mir-17˜92 as a candidate therapeutic or diagnostic target of motor neuron (MN) degeneration diseases. Expression of mir-17˜92 is sustained throughout adulthood in spinal MNs and specifically decreases before the onset of MN loss in SOD1G93A mice. Accordingly, mir-17˜92 can be used as a candidate therapeutic target for ALS.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for removing undifferentiated embryonic stem cells. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for removing undifferentiated embryonic stem cells by using cardiac glycosides (CGs). The present invention also relates to a method for preparing differentiated cells in which undifferentiated embryonic stem cells have been removed and a method for cell therapy by using such differentiated cells.

Abstract: Described herein are an immunogenic peptide containing the sequence of CLDSLGQWN (SEQ ID NO:2) and a method of using the peptide for treating cancer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel uses of a polyhydroxylated pyrrolidine for the manufacture of a medicament for treating Fabry disease (FD). Accordingly, the present disclosure provides a method of treating a subject having or suspected of having FD. The method includes the step of, administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I), a salt, an ester or a solvate thereof, wherein: R1 is H, or C1-3 amine optionally substituted with —COR2; R2 is alkyl or alkene optionally substituted with cycloalkyl or phenyl having at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of, halo, alkyl, haloalkyl, and alkoxyl; so as to ameliorate, alleviate mitigate and/or prevent symptoms associated with the FD. According to preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, the compound of formula (I) is a chaperon of a mutated human lysosomal ?-galactosidase A (?-Gal A).

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a device for characterizing a biological sample or an airborne sample. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the device comprises an electrospray source, a mass analyzer, a charge detector, and optionally, an ion guide. The present device is useful in analyzing the particle population in the biological or airborne sample based on the mass to charge (m/z) ratio and the charge (z) of each particle. Also disclosed herein are the methods of making a diagnosis of cancer by use of the present device, and methods of determining the mass distribution of particles in an airborne sample.

Abstract: A Pdia4 inhibitor for use in preventing, alleviating and/or treating diabetes and/or diabetes-related complications in a subject in need thereof is disclosed, wherein the Pdia4 inhibitor does not comprise cytopiloyene. A Pdia4 inhibitor and one other anti-diabetic agent for use in combination therapy in preventing, alleviating, treating diabetes and diabetes-related complications, and/or reversing diabetes in a subject in need thereof is also disclosed, wherein the Pdia4 inhibitors for use in combination therapy may comprise cytopiloyene. Also disclosed are methods for diagnosing, treating and monitoring diabetes, and methods of screening for a Pdia4 inhibitor and/or an anti-diabetic agent.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of enhancing the accuracy and/or sensitivity of ultrasound imaging in detecting a tumor in a subject. The method comprises administering to the subject an effective amount of a nanoparticle prior to the application of ultrasound to the subject. According to certain embodiments of the present disclosure, the nanoparticle is a magnetic nanoparticle, for example, a gold, silver, or iron oxide nanoparticle. Also disclosed herein are methods of treating a tumor in a subject by detecting the tumor via ultrasound with the aid of a nanoparticle, and then administering to the subject an anti-cancer treatment based on the location of the tumor revealed by the ultrasound image.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating autism spectrum disorders (ASD) or ASD-like symptom, particularly by administering a zinc ion source and/or a serine component e.g. D-serine or its precursor/analogue, optionally in combination with a mixture of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). The present invention also relates to a combination, kit or composition for performing the method for treatment as described herein. Further described is use of a zinc ion source and/or a serine component and optional BCAAs for manufacturing a medicament for treating a symptom or disease characteristics associated with ASD or ASD-associated disorder or as a food supplement for ameliorating relevant symptoms in a subject in need thereof. The present invention further provides an animal model for autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) with deficient CTTNBP2 gene, and a method for identifying an ingredient effective in the treatment of ASD by using such animal model.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a sulfated octasacchande of formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or ester thereof: wherein R1 is —NHAc or —NHSO3H; and R2 and R3 are independently H, or —SO3H. Also encompasses herein is a method of treating neuron injury and/or diseases associated with a autophagy flux. The method includes administering an effective amount of the sulfated octasaccharide of formula (I) to a subject in need of such treatment.

Abstract: Described is a method of diagnosing, treating, or monitoring a treatment for Kawasaki disease in a subject. The method includes detecting the level of a biomarker in a sample obtained from the subject, the biomarker being IL-7F, sCD40L, MPIF-1, E-selectin, IP-10, or IL-33. The level is compared to a cut-off level. Also described is a kit for carrying out the method.