Abstract: The integration of micro-optical elements on a semiconductor substrate, particularly elements, such as glass-material optical components, such as lenses, beam splitters, mirrors and polarizing elements. A micro-optical device comprising a silicon substrate, and at least one glass-material micro-optical element mounted on the substrate. The device also includes a glass-material stand, for example, a grass frit, interposed between the micro-optical element and substrate. The stand is fuse-bonded to both the substrate and the micro-optical element. The substrate has, within a groove, a recess bounded by one or more walls, and the stand is dimensioned to fit within the recess and be positioned by one or more walls of the recess.

Abstract: Multiple signals are monitored, for example, by an instrument used for monitoring wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) transmission systems. For each monitored frequency channel, an active mask is initialized. The active mask includes an operating window defined by a minimum frequency, a maximum frequency, a minimum amplitude and a maximum amplitude. Each signal is monitored to determine when the signal strays outside the operating window. An alarm is generated when the signal strays outside the operating window.

Abstract: A distributed system that provides performance monitoring capability across multiple nodes of a distributed application. A distributed system according to the present techniques includes a set of nodes that communicate via a network. A distributed application is performed by a set of cooperating node applications executing in the nodes. The distributed system implements techniques for generating time-stamp records for each of a set of significant events associated with one or more of the node applications. The time-stamp records provides a synchronized time base across the nodes for the significant events thereby enabling temporal ordering of the significant events.

Abstract: A laser unit has a laser mode selection and provides a laser signal in accordance to a laser control parameter. A plurality of pairs of values is determined for the laser control parameter and a laser operation parameter indicative of the laser unit's operation to provide the laser signal. A target operating point for the laser unit is derived from the determined pairs of values in conjunction with a model and a selection criterion for selecting the target operating point, wherein the model represents an assumed relationship between the laser control parameter and the laser operation parameter. A curve for the relationship between the laser control parameter and the laser operation parameter is approximated based on the determined pairs of values in conjunction with the model, the curve limited on at least one side having a defined boundary in a range where mode hopping is likely, and the target operating point selected on the approximated curve based on the selection criterion.

Abstract: Using a micro-electromechanical actuator, tuning stubs may be actuated for tuning cavities in photonic crystal lattice structures. An actuated tuning stub can be used to tune cavities in both two and three dimensional photonic crystal lattice structures.

Abstract: An apparatus for coupling light from a light source into an optical waveguide having an entrance aperture for receiving light to be transmitted by the waveguide. The entrance aperture has a numerical aperture that may vary over the aperture. The apparatus includes an optical element that conditions the light from the light source and a diffractive optical element. The diffractive optical element generates a plurality of light spots from the light source. The light from each light spot enters the entrance aperture of the waveguide at a different point on the entrance aperture. Each of the light spots has a numerical aperture that is less than the numerical aperture of the entrance aperture at the point on the entrance aperture at which the light from that light spots enters the entrance aperture.

Abstract: A test program generates transmit vectors (stimuli) and receive vectors (expected responses). The transmit vectors are applied to the DUT, while the receive vectors are treated as comparison values used to decide if a response from the DUT is as expected. While programming a FLASH part the test program uses TAG RAM techniques to maintain a BAD COLUMN table in one of the memory sets. This BAD COLUMN table is addressed by the same address that is applied to the DUT. If an OMIT BAD COLUMN mode is in effect, entries in this table are, by automatic action of the memory tester hardware, obtained and used to supply a replacement programming data value of all 1's that will produce an immediate and automatic indication of successful programming from the DUT. This prevents spending extra time programming a column that has been determined to be bad, without requiring an alteration in the internal mechanism of the test program.

Abstract: An alignment system that uses a single optical sensor to enable the end of an optical fiber to be aligned with the input of an optical waveguide of an optical device. In accordance with the present invention, it has been determined that the output of a single optical sensor can be processed and converted into digital signals, which are then further processed in accordance with an alignment algorithm to generate feedback signals that enable precise alignment to be achieved. The alignment system includes the single optical sensor, a lens and processing logic.

Abstract: A first resist is deposited on at least a portion of a substrate (or existing feature on the substrate) that will underlie a feature in a nonphotoimagable material that is to be deposited on the substrate. Thereafter, the nonphotoimagable material is deposited so that it overlaps at least a portion of the first resist. A second resist is then deposited on at least a portion of the nonphotoimagable material, and a feature is patterned on the second resist. Subsequently, the part is sandblasted until the first resist is exposed, and the first and second resists are then removed. In one embodiment, the nonphotoimagable material is deposited on a channel plate and used to seal at least a switching fluid between the channel plate and another substrate.

Abstract: A delatch mechanism includes wedges that reside in pockets adjacent to a post on a module when the module is latched in a cage. Pulling on a handle pulls the wedges out of the pockets so that the wedges rise and lift a tab. Pulling the delatch mechanism to a limit of its motion frees the post on the module from the tab, and further pulling transfers to the module to pull the module out of the cage. The delatch mechanism can include a spring system that returns the wedges to their pockets for latching, allows movement of the wedges relative to the module for lifting of the tab, and locks into the module to pull the module free of the cage. Handles for the latch mechanism can include a bail, a flexible tab, or fixed handle that is part of an integrated structure including the wedges.

Abstract: A beam source for a heterodyne interferometer generates a beam containing components with different frequencies and respective orthogonal circular polarizations and directs the beam down an isotropic single-mode or few-mode optical fiber. Polarizations of light exiting the optical fiber are converted to orthogonal linear polarizations for use in the interferometer, where the frequency components are separated according to linear polarization. Crosstalk between left-handed and right-handed polarizations in the fiber is low, which permits clean separation of frequency components. A quarter-wave plate or other optical element that converts the polarization in the beam exiting the fiber has a mounting with tilt and roll angle adjustments to adjust to exit polarizations that depend on bends in the fiber. The fiber can have a rigid jacket or fast relaxation time to provide a stable output.

Abstract: Systems and methods of measuring optical pulses are described. In one aspect, an optical pulse measurement system includes an optical signal divider and an optical signal conversion system. The optical signal divider has an optical input for receiving an input optical signal, multiple optical outputs, and a set of multiple optical channels. The optical channels are coupled between the optical input and respective optical outputs and are operable to delay propagation of optical signals, which are divided from the input optical signal, from the optical input to respective optical outputs by different respective amounts of time. The optical signal conversion system is coupled to the optical signal divider optical outputs and is operable to convert temporal intensity distributions of light received from the optical signal divider optical outputs into respective spatial intensity distributions in parallel.

Abstract: A high-throughput laser desorption/ionization (LDI) mass spectrometer has been developed and is described herein. The mass spectrometer employs an ion source that has a plurality of lasers firing in tandem at one or more samples to increase the rate at which ion packets are generated by the ion source.

Abstract: A method and system for circulating sample solution within a reaction chamber containing a microarray. The reaction chamber contains, on each side, a shallow vertical and a deep vertical well at the corners of the microarray. The vertical wells having a gap between the active surface of the microarray and the bottom of the reaction chamber are filled with sample solution. As the reaction chamber is rotated, sample solution from the deep vertical well displaces sample solution in the gap between the active surface of the microarray and the bottom of the reaction vessel, and sample solution from that gap is, in turn, displaced into the shallow vertical well, from which it flows along the inner surface of a cover strip above the microarray back to the deep vertical well.

Abstract: An air blower apparatus for use in an inspection apparatus includes an air blowing device for blowing air via an air filter to a recording medium and a recording apparatus. The air blowing device includes a fan unit provided above the recording medium, and a fan unit housing provided above the fan unit. The fan unit housing includes a first buffer space having an inlet port directed substantially downwardly toward the recording medium, and the first buffer space temporarily accumulates air inhaled from the inlet port. The fan unit inhales air from the inlet port that faces the first buffer space, discharges inhaled air at a substantially constant air flow rate to deliver the air via an air filter from an outlet port to the recording medium by a fan, and the discharged air is reflected on the recording medium and returns to the inlet port.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and article of manufacture to aid in the characterization of a device establishes a device S-parameter matrix (SD) to represent electrical behavior of the device, an adapter T-parameter matrix (Ta) to represent all possible electrical paths through circuits to all device ports of the device, and a cascaded S-parameter matrix (Sc) to represent the circuits cascaded with the device. Values for the adapter T-parameter matrix are obtained either through measurement or modeling. The device cascaded with the circuits is measured to obtain values for the cascaded S-parameter matrix, permitting use of a general solution for the device S-parameter matrix as a function of the adapter T-parameter matrix and the cascaded S-parameter matrix.

Abstract: A spectrometer having a reduced memory size. The spectrometer has an address register, a detector for generating a digital measurement, first and second memories and an adder. The first memory stores data words having a value less than a maximum value, at the register defined address. The adder adds the data value on the data bus to the digital measurement to generate a sum value that is divided into a low order part having a value less or equal to the maximum value and an overflow value. The second memory stores at least a portion of the sum value at a location specified by the register value if the overflow value is greater than zero.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for aligning the phases of clocks of different clock domains of an IC to enable data to be transferred synchronously across the clock domains. The present invention comprises a phase-alignment system that is adjustable via a user interface to enable the clock phases to be adjusted. A user controls the degree of alignment of the phases via the user interface. The present invention enables the phases of clocks of different clock domains to be adjusted even after the IC has been fabricated.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for conjugating one moiety to another moiety. In the method the moieties are reacted with one another in a protic solvent. Reaction between the moieties and the protic solvent during the conjugating is negligible or reversible. A stable bond is formed between the moieties to produce a product that is not subject to &bgr;-elimination at elevated pH. Usually, one of the moieties comprises an unsaturation between two carbon atoms. One of the carbon atoms is or becomes an electrophile during the conjugating. The other of the moieties comprises a functionality reactive with the electrophile carbon atom to form a product that comprises the unsaturation. Compounds comprising both of the moieties as well as precursor molecules are also disclosed. Methods are also disclosed for determining an analyte in a sample employing compounds as described above.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and apparatus for testing opto-electronic devices. Test data is shifted into a first boundary-scan cell. A test is then launched from the first boundary-scan cell by outputting the shifted test data to a signal generator. The signal generator, in turn, provides conditioned test data to an opto-electronic transmitter, in response to the shifted test data and at least one constraint for operating the opto-electronic transmitter. Finally, a response to the test is captured.