Abstract: Described is a directional coupler for forward coupling energy from an input port to a coupling port. The directional coupler has a coupling factor and an operating frequency and an operating wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency.

Abstract: A phase noise extraction apparatus and technique that extracts phase noise induced by a component of a transmitter from a radio frequency (RF) signal and attenuates noise induced from other sources. The RF signal is digitized, modulation is removed, and the carrier is suppressed to provide a noise signal including the phase noise and the noise induced from the other sources. A complementary autocorrelation operation is applied to the noise signal to attenuate the noise from the other sources. The correlated signal is transformed into the frequency domain to generate a power spectrum of the phase noise that may be measured or displayed.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus and systems for acquiring spectrometric data from analyte ions implement transient-level data acquisition and peak correction in a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Transient spectra including analyte peaks and reference mass peaks are recorded, from which a set of averaged peak centroids of the reference masses is generated. The peaks of reference masses in each transient spectrum are compared to the averaged peak centroids. From this comparison, an appropriate correction function is applied to each transient spectrum to correct the positions of the analyte peaks in each transient spectrum. The corrected transient spectra are then summed to obtain a corrected averaged spectrum.

Abstract: A heterodyne optical spectrum analyzer (10) is configured for analyzing spectral information of an optical input signal (15). The analyzer (10) comprises a local oscillator source (20) configured for generating an optical local oscillator signal (38). An optical mixer (25) is configured for receiving the input signal (15) and the local oscillator signal (38), and for outputting a plurality of different combined optical signals (50), each combined optical signal (50) being derived from the input signal (15) and the local oscillator signal (38). An opto-electrical receiver (30) having a plurality of inputs (52) is configured for receiving the combined optical signals (50) and for providing an opto-electrical conversion thereof, and an output (54) for outputting electrical signals representing the received combined optical signals (50). A signal processor (35) is configured for deriving spectral information of the input signal (15) by analyzing the electrical signals.

Abstract: A method for operating a data processing system to generate a test for a device under test (DUT) is disclosed. The method utilizes a model of the DUT that includes a plurality of blocks connected by wires and a set of control inputs. Each block includes a plurality of ports, each port being either active or inactive. Each block is also characterized by a set of constraints that limit which ports are active. The active ports of at least one of the blocks are constrained by one of the control inputs. A test vector having one component for each port of each block and one component for each control input is determined such that each set of constraints for each block is satisfied. The test vector defines a test for the DUT.

Abstract: Novel compositions are disclosed for use as a stationary phase in chromatography comprising an inorganic substrate that is modified with at least one silane having the formula R1?-Q?-(CH2)?SiR2?X3-?. In a preferred embodiment, the inorganic substrate is silica gel and is modified with at least two silanes. Methods of preparation and use in chromatographic applications are disclosed. The novel compositions provide superior chromatographic performance, reduced silanol activity, enhanced stability, and reproducibility in preparation and performance.

Abstract: A signal processor includes a frequency generator that employs a direct digital synthesizer (DDS) to generate a first local oscillator (LO) signal with a variable first LO frequency. The signal processor also includes an oscillator generating a second LO signal having a second LO frequency. The DDS employs programmable frequency control word and a sampling clock signal having a variable sampling clock frequency that is derived from the second LO frequency, to generate a DDS output signal from which the first LO signal is produced. The variable sampling clock frequency and the programmable frequency control word are selected to avoid crossing spurs in the frequency spectrum of the DDS output signal.

Abstract: A chromatography cartridge and method of manufacturing same. A chromatography cartridge of the present invention can include a tubular housing having an open end and an inner surface, and a plug. The plug can be positioned within the open end of the tubular housing and can have an outer circumferential surface, a substantial portion of the outer circumferential surface being fused to the inner surface of the tubular housing. A method for manufacturing a chromatography cartridge can include coupling at least a portion of the outer surface of the plug to at least a portion of the inner surface of the tubular housing in response to rotating at least one of the plug and the tubular housing about the longitudinal axis with respect to the other of the plug and the tubular housing.

Abstract: A chromatography cartridge and method of manufacturing same. A chromatography cartridge of the present invention can include a tubular housing having an open end and an inner surface, and a plug. The plug can be positioned within the open end of the tubular housing and can have an outer circumferential surface, a substantial portion of the outer circumferential surface being fused to the inner surface of the tubular housing. A method for manufacturing a chromatography cartridge can include coupling at least a portion of the outer surface of the plug to at least a portion of the inner surface of the tubular housing in response to rotating at least one of the plug and the tubular housing about the longitudinal axis with respect to the other of the plug and the tubular housing.

Abstract: A constant switching current flip-flop includes a latch circuit that provides latch outputs of the flip-flop, whereby the latch outputs are reset to zero at the beginning of each clock cycle to eliminate pattern dependent switching currents. The latch circuit is reset responsive to control signals provided without significant delay.

Abstract: A sample detection apparatus (200) for detecting a fluidic sample flowing through a first flow cell (202) and flowing through a second flow cell (204) of a sample separation system (10), wherein the first flow cell (202) has a first path length (D) and the second flow cell (204) has a second path length (d) being smaller than the first path length (D), wherein the sample detection apparatus (200) comprises a data determining unit (206) configured for determining first data indicative of a first relation between a detection signal intensity and a concentration of the fluidic sample in the first flow cell (202), and configured for determining second data indicative of a second relation between a detection signal intensity and the concentration of the fluidic sample in the second flow cell (204), and a data combining unit (208) configured for combining the first data and the second data in accordance with a continuous weighting function to thereby derive a weighted relation between detection signal intensity and

Abstract: A device and a method of forming the same are disclosed. The device comprises a substrate and a thin film. The substrate is characterized by a first coefficient of thermal expansion. The thin film is attached to a surface of the substrate, and is characterized by a second coefficient of thermal expansion. The thin film includes first and second layers in states of compression, and a third layer in a state of tension, the third layer being positioned between the first and second layers. The thin film is in a net state of tension within a temperature range.

Abstract: The present invention provides a simple and rapid method for preparing purified transposase complexes that are highly suited for fragmenting DNA. The method includes forming transposase complexes with oligonucleotide adapters in cell lysate, then purifying the complexes from the other substance in the cell lysate. Purification is accomplished using a specific binding pair, in which one member of the pair is bound to an oligonucleotide adapter of the complex and the other member of the pair is bound to a solid substrate. The bound complexes can be immediately used in DNA fragmentation reactions to produce solid substrate-bound DNA fragments, which can be used for any number of purposes, including as templates for amplification and sequencing.

Abstract: Micelle-templated superficially porous particles having a solid core and an outer porous shell with ordered pore structures and a narrow particle size distribution, such as about ±5% (one sigma), and a high specific surface area of about 5 to about 1000 m2/g.

Abstract: Methods and systems for allelic detection and allele-specific copy number are provided herein. The described methods use identification of single nucleotide polymorphism using restriction enzymes and CGH analysis. Microarrays comprising probes designed by the described methods are provided. Also included are methods for identifying SNP sites and copy number in samples obtained from patient populations.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the isolation of biological molecules by the adsorption of the molecules onto a mineral substrate in the presence of an appropriate mixture of salts and sufolane. Preferably, the biological molecules are nucleic acids. Compositions and kits for performing the process according to the invention are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and improved methods for multi-site directed mutagenesis and DNA shuffling. The present compositions and methods provide increased mutation frequency and increased number of transformants which allow one to sequence only a few clones in order to identify the correct mutants and to obtain the desired mutant by screening large number of transformants in a short time. Moreover, the inclusion of FEN-1, PEF and optimized buffer and cycling conditions provided in the present invention should also facilitate random mutagenized library construction and the mutagenesis of large or difficult templates.

Abstract: A phase digitizing system includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), multiple phase accumulators and a processing device. The ADC generates sample segments of digital signal waveform samples based on an analog composite input signal received in a measurement channel, the composite input signal includes a first signal having a first frequency F1 and a second signal imported from a reference channel having a second frequency F2. The processing device is coupled to the phase accumulators, and digitally processes each sample segment with outputs of the phase accumulators, and continually generates digital phase data The processing device further provides increment values to each of the phase accumulators based on the digital phase data, causing an output of a first phase accumulator to represent an instantaneous phase of the first signal, and an output of a second phase accumulator to represent an instantaneous phase of the second signal.

Abstract: The invention provides novel ion-exchange media and related methods for their preparation and use. Ion-exchange stationary phases according to the invention are suitable for chromatographic separation of a variety of biomolecules. Distinguishing characteristics of ion-exchange media according to this invention includes, for example, their ability to separate variants of monoclonal antibodies via cation-exchange liquid chromatography using porous substrates with particle sizes <5 ?m. The ion-exchange stationary media include a hydrolytically stable layer, which inhibits surface degradation of the particles in 100% aqueous media. Another unique feature is low molecular weight building blocks used to functionalize the particles with ion-exchange groups.

Abstract: A method of generating a trend graph comprises storing a stream of data elements in a buffer having a storage capacity corresponding to a first number of data elements, compressing the stored data elements to fit within a display having a size corresponding to a second number of data elements smaller than the first number of data elements, detecting an event, and as a consequence detecting the event, compressing the stored data elements to occupy a reduced portion of the buffer.