Abstract: A method and system of providing a phase reference signal includes generating a reference signal having a reference frequency, modulating the reference signal at a modulation frequency lower than the reference frequency to obtain a modulated drive signal, receiving the modulated drive signal at a phase reference, and generating the phase reference signal based on the modulated drive signal. The phase reference signal including multiple reference tones having corresponding tone frequencies clustered around multiples of the reference frequency. A spacing between adjacent tones of the multiple reference tones is the same as the modulation frequency or an integer multiple of the modulation frequency.

Abstract: A device analyzer for analyzing power devices. An example device analyzer comprises a collector supply to generate supply signal pulses with selected voltage or current levels and a supply signal pulse width at a high current. The supply signal pulses are applied at a collector supply source terminal when DUT is connected to conduct current between the collector supply source terminal and a collector supply common terminal. A supply switch closes or opens the DUT current path in narrow pulses having a narrow pulse width narrower than the supply signal pulses to conduct the supply signal pulses as narrowed sweep signal pulses having the high current capacity of the collector supply current. The supply switch alternatively regulates the current in the current path at constant current levels. Other modules capable of high power test capabilities may also be added.

Abstract: A phase noise extraction apparatus and technique that extracts phase noise induced by a component of a transmitter from a radio frequency (RF) signal and attenuates noise induced from other sources. The RF signal is digitized, modulation is removed, and the carrier is suppressed to provide a noise signal including the phase noise and the noise induced from the other sources. A complementary autocorrelation operation is applied to the noise signal to attenuate the noise from the other sources. The correlated signal is transformed into the frequency domain to generate a power spectrum of the phase noise that may be measured or displayed.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a method comprising: a) clamping the top and bottom strands of a double stranded DNA molecule to produce a duplex in which the top and bottom strands are linked; b) denaturing the duplex to produce a denatured product; and c) renaturing the denatured product in the presence of a labeled oligonucleotide that is complementary to a sequence of nucleotides in the double stranded DNA molecule, thereby producing a D-loop-containing product. Kits for performing the method and products made by the method are also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus and technique that reduces induced cross-talk current between transformer windings. The apparatus includes a transformer having a first secondary winding that provides a first voltage relative to earth ground, a second secondary winding that provides a second voltage relative to floating ground, and a shield disposed between the first and second secondary windings. A correction circuit connected to the first secondary winding is configured to generate a correction voltage. The correction voltage drives a shield to induce a correction current into the second secondary winding to reduce cross-talk current induced between the first and second secondary windings.

Abstract: An injection device (100) comprising: a housing (102) defining a space (104); a seat (110) located in said space (104), the seat (110) being configured for receiving a flow path element (116) capable of injecting a pressurized fluid into the injection device (100) through the seat (110); a pressure source (132) for pressurizing a medium in said space (104), thereby reducing the pressure difference between the pressurized fluid in said flow path element (116) and said medium.

Abstract: A pre-packaged electrophoresis cassette (1), the cassette (1) comprising a gel layer (2) and a buffer solution layer (3), the gel layer comprising a first polymer made from a monomer and a cross-linker, and being in contact with the buffer solution layer to form a gel-buffer interface (4) for receiving a sample which is to undergo electrophoresis. The gel and/or the buffer solution are such that absorption of water by the gel layer from the buffer solution layer is inhibited, thereby maintaining the performance capabilities of the electrophoresis cassette during storage.

Abstract: A method for optically controlling an atomic force microscope (AFM) includes acquiring an optical image of a sample using an optical imaging device, identifying a feature of interest on the sample using the optical image, acquiring a high resolution AFM image of the sample using an AFM imaging device, the AFM imaging device comprising a cantilever having a tip, overlaying the AFM image with the optical image at the feature of interest, and positioning the probe tip over the feature of interest using the optical image.

Abstract: A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) probe circuit assembly includes one or more probe circuits in signal communication with one or more respective sample coils configured for transmitting and/or receiving radio-frequency (RF) energy to and/or from a sample of interest. One or more of the probe circuits have a suspended substrate configuration in which variable capacitors share a common dielectric substrate that is separated from a ground plane by an air gap. Each variable capacitor includes an electrode that is movable by a user-actuated adjusting device. One or more of the probe circuits may have a multiply resonant or broadband configuration, and may have one or more individual channels. One or more of the variable capacitors enable tuning to resonant frequencies of selected nuclei. One or more other variable capacitors may enable impedance matching.

Abstract: A gas sampling device has a high-vacuum tight chamber formed within its casing, which communicates with an ambient outside through an inlet hole for the gas flow to be ionized and the ambient downstream the ionization chamber with an outlet hole for the ionized gas. A high-vacuum tight membrane separates the inlet hole from the ambient outside the chamber. The membrane has at least one nanohole formed therethrough with a diameter in the order of nanometers.

Abstract: A fitting element is configured for coupling tubing to a fluidic device having a receiving cavity configured for receiving the fitting element, where the tubing has an inner contact surface of a biocompatible material, the inner contact surface being configured to contact a fluid to be conducted by the tubing, and the receiving cavity having a receiving contact surface of a bio-compatible material. The fitting element includes a first sealing element of a bio-compatible material configured for sealing to the bio-compatible material of the inner contact surface of the tubing, and a second sealing element configured for sealing against a pressure ambient to a pressure of the fluid in the tubing. Upon coupling of the tubing to the fluidic device, at least a portion of the receiving contact surface, the first sealing element, and the second sealing element enclose an interspace, each surface of the interspace being a bio-compatible material.

Abstract: A method for operating a computer system to generate a layout of a device and a computer-readable medium containing instructions that cause a computer system to carry out that method are disclosed. The computer system has a display that includes a display area. The computer system provides a list of objects and creates user selected objects from the list for inclusion in the display area. The computer assigns one of a plurality of operating modes for each connectivity object in the layout. The computer generates a Net assignment for each connectivity object that is not forced to have a specific Net assignment and for which automatic assignment of a Net is allowed. The computer generated assignment depends on the operating mode associated with that connectivity object. The operating mode of at least one of the connectivity objects can be altered by input from a user of said computer system.

Abstract: A method for processing biopolymer arrays and apparatus and computer program products for executing the method. The method may include reading a different array identifier for each biopolymer array from a tag associated with that array. At least some of the biopolymer arrays are read and results from each read array saved in a memory linked with the read identifier for that array. Different communication addresses and a selection of an array identifier for each, are received. For at least some of the arrays, the saved results for each are matched with one of the different communication addresses using the identifier, and the saved results transmitted for those arrays to the matched different communication addresses. A method of processing data from the reading of biopolymer arrays is also provided.

Abstract: A method is provided for determining a measure of error of a device under test (DUT). The method includes storing baseband data received from the DUT in a storage device, segmenting the baseband data into multiple data segments, determining processing parameters for one data segment of the plurality of data segments, and storing the determined processing parameters for the one data segment. The method further includes retrieving additional data segments of the multiple data segments from the storage device, and processing the additional data segments using the stored processing parameters for the one data segment. The measure of error of the DUT is determined based at least in part on data from the processed additional data segments.

Abstract: An optical emission spectrometer system includes a light source and a dichroic beam combiner. The light source emits first light in a first direction and second light in a second direction different from the first direction. The dichroic beam combiner receives the first light via a first light path and the second light via a second light path, reflects a portion the first light into an entrance aperture of a light detection and measurement apparatus, and transmits a portion of the second light into the entrance aperture, enabling analysis and measurement of both first and second light characteristics simultaneously. The portion of the first light reflected into the entrance aperture predominately has wavelengths in a first range of wavelengths and the portion of the second light transmitted into the entrance aperture predominately has wavelengths in a second range of wavelengths, different from the first range of wavelengths.

Abstract: An output signal is generated from a received input data stream representing a sequence of digital data values. For each group of successive data values in the sequence of data values, a respective waveform pattern is assigned in dependence of the data content of the respective group of successive data values. The output signal is generated by generating the assigned respective waveform patterns corresponding to the input data stream.

Abstract: A computer readable medium stores a program, executable by a computer, for enabling translation of machine-centric commands in an instrument protocol to a programming language for controlling an instrument configured to use the machine-centric commands. The computer readable medium includes an identifying code segment for identifying instrument protocol commands executable by the instrument, and a generating code segment generates methods corresponding to the instrument protocol commands, each method including programming language source code or compiled machine code for executing the corresponding instrument protocol command. A storing code segment stores the methods in a program library associated with the instrument, the program library enabling selection of at least one method by a programming language program that controls the instrument, in order to execute the instrument protocol command corresponding to the selected method.

Abstract: An automated liquid handling system is disclosed. A system includes a first pipetting group, which includes at least one pipettor, movably arranged on a first arm; and a second pipetting group, which includes at least one pipettor, movably arranged on a second arm, wherein the first arm and the second arm are movably arranged on at least one track such that the first arm and the second arm can independently move along the at least one track while keeping the first arm parallel with the second arm, wherein the at least one pipettor of the first pipetting group is arranged on a side of the first arm facing the second pipetting group, wherein the at least one pipettor of the second pipetting group is arranged on a side of the second arm facing the first pipetting group.

Abstract: An ionization device comprises: a plasma source configured to generate a plasma. The plasma comprises light, plasma ions and plasma electrons. The plasma source comprises an aperture disposed such that at least part of the light passes through the aperture and is incident on a gas sample. The ionization device further comprises an ionization region; and a plasma deflection device comprising a plurality of electrodes configured to establish an electric field, wherein the electric field substantially prevents the plasma ions from entering the ionization region.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus and method for sequencing and identifying a biopolymer. The invention provides a first electrode, a second electrode, a first gate electrode, a second gate electrode, a gate voltage source and a potential means. The gate electrodes may be ramped by a voltage source to search and determine a resonance level between the first electrode, biopolymer and second electrode. The potential means that is in electrical connection with the first electrode and the second electrode is maintained at a fixed voltage. A method of biopolymer sequencing and identification is also disclosed.