Abstract: .alpha.-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester II type crystals consisting of two types of crystals, II.sub.A and II.sub.B type, which interconvert from one to the other depending upon the equilibrium moisture content of the crystals, wherein one type of crystal, II.sub.a, exhibits X-ray diffraction peaks at angles of diffraction of at least 20.6.degree., 21.2.degree., 5.0.degree. and 11.1.degree., and the other type of crystal, II.sub.B, exhibits X-ray diffraction peaks at angles of diffraction of at least 15.2.degree., 11.1.degree., 19.6.degree. and 4.5.degree., as measured by X-ray diffractometer using CuK.sub..alpha. radiation and wherein the equilibrium moisture content of either of the crystals at a relative humidity of 78% is not higher than about 3%.

Abstract: An L-lysine producing microorganism which is constructed by incorporation into a recipient strain of the genus Brevibacterium or Corynebacterium of a hybrid plasmid having inserted therein a DNA fragment which is derived from a donor strain of the genus Brevibacterium or Corynebacterium and which controls resistance to S-(2-aminoethyl)-cysteine and productivity of L-lysine, is useful for the production of high levels of L-lysine by fermentation.

Abstract: A streptothricin-group compound having the formula: ##STR1## in which R represents ##STR2## is disclosed along with methods for producing this compound and a microorganism useful in its production.

Abstract: An electrical conducting solid electrode on the surface of which cytochrome c.sub.3 is immobilized in an amount ranging from 20%-100% of the monolayer coverage, said electrode thereby provided with the electrocatalytic capability of the direct four-electron reduction of dioxygen to water, and its uses.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel azetidinone derivatives of the general formula: ##STR1## where n is 0 or 2,X is hydrogen, halogen, amino, alkylamino, benzylamino or acylamino, andY is ##STR2## R is lower alkyl, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl, or aralkyl; and M is hydrogen or alkali metal having .beta.-lactamase inhibiting activity.The derivatives of the present invention can be administered together with antibiotics having a .beta.-lactam ring as antibacterial agents against .beta.-lactamase producing bacteria.A method for synthesizing said azetidinone derivatives is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for producing a high yield of N-carbobenzoxy-L-aspartic anhydride from N-carbobenzoxy-L-aspartic acid in a very short period using commercially acceptable reaction conditions is disclosed. The process is characterized by reacting N-carbobenzoxy-L-aspartic acid with acetic anhydride in the presence of a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a metal salt of acid, an organobasic compound or an acid having a dissociation constant of 5.times.10.sup.-2 or more.

Abstract: L-Histidine producing microorganisms which have been constructed by introducing a recombinant plasmid DNA inserted on a chromosomal DNA fragment into a recipient strain of the genus Bacillus. These microorganisms are employed to produce L-histidine in higher than normal yields. The recombinant plasmid DNA inserted is obtained from a donor mutant strain of Bacillus subtilis which is resistant to certain L-histidine antagonists. The resistant plasmid confers the properties of the mutant strain upon the recipient Bacillus subtilis to make its high yield of product even higher.

Abstract: An elemental diet of amino acids, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals.

Abstract: A process of extracting vegetable oil and fat from an oleaginous raw material which comprises the steps of obtaining flakes having a moisture content of from 0.7 to 10 weight % from an oleaginous raw material; contacting the flakes with an ethanol solution containing not less than 90 weight % ethanol at a temperature in the range of from 70.degree. C. to the boiling point of the ethanol solution, thereby obtaining a miscella; cooling the miscella, thereby obtaining vegetable oil or fat and a separate defatted miscella; drying the defatted miscella with a molecular sieve material having a pore size of from 3 .ANG. to 4 .ANG., thereby obtaining a second ethanol solution wherein the second ethanol contains less than 7 weight % water; and using the ethanol solution obtained in the drying step as the ethanol solution of the contacting step in a second extraction.

Abstract: A detergent composition containing at least one ampholytic surface active agent of N.sup..epsilon. -long-chain-acyl-N.sup..epsilon.,N.sup..epsilon. -dimethyllysine or N.sup..epsilon. -long-chain-acyl-N.sup..alpha.,N.sup..alpha.,N.sup..alpha. -trimethyllysine or salt thereof represented by formula (I) or (II) below, and an anionic surface active agent. This detergent composition is superior in solubility, detergency, and sudsing on account of the synergistic effect of the two types of different components. This detergent composition exhibits high detergency in both soft water and hard water, and is mild to the skin and hair. ##STR1## (where RCO denotes an aliphatic acyl group of carbon number 8 to 22.).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an amino acid derivative represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent hydroxyl, alkyloxy, aryloxy, arylkyloxy, alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl; R.sub.3, R.sub.5, R.sub.8 and R.sub.11 are hydrogen or alkyl; R.sub.4, R.sub.7 and R.sub.10 are hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl or aralkyl; R.sub.6 and R.sub.9 are hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl; R.sub.12 is hydroxyl, alkyloxy, aryloxy, aralkyloxy, amino, mono- or di-alkyl-, aryl- or aralkyl amino; and R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 combined together, and R.sub.9 and R.sub.10 combined together independently may form a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene bridge. The present invention also relates to a method of preparing said amino acid derivatives, and to anti-hypertensive drugs containing them.

Abstract: A dipeptide sweetening composition, comprising:(a) from 20 to 60% by wt. of solid fat,(b) from 10 to 30% by wt. of emulsifier,(c) from 10 to 30% by wt. of polysaccharide and(d) not more than 30% by wt. dipeptide sweetener,all of said percents being based on the weight of the composition, is stable against heat or enzymes and useful for processed and fermentation foods.

Abstract: A 5-substituted-3-isoxazolecarboxylic acid derivative of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein X stands for a phenyl group, thienyl group, furyl group or pyridyl group, each of which optionally may carry at least one substituent group; R stands for a phenyl group or hydroxyphenyl group; and A stands for a group of the formula: ##STR2## wherein Y stands for ##STR3## in which the carbon atom with which the carboxyl group combines with the nitrogen atom in A, M stands for a hydrogen atom or a substituent group, and Z stands for a hydrogen atom, hydroxy group, acyloxy group, carbamoyloxy group, aromatic heterocycle thio group or aromatic nitrogen-containing heterocycle quaternary ammonium group, is disclosed along with methods for producing these compounds.

Abstract: Hydrazides of the formula ##STR1## are good curing agents for epoxy resin, in the formula R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 being each hydrogen atom, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl radical or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 SCH.sub.3, R being hydrogen atom or methyl radical. The curing agents are useful in formulating novel storable one-package, heat-curable epoxy resins-based compositions.

Abstract: Mycophenolic acid is produced by aerobically culturing in a culture medium a mutant of the genus Penicillium capable of producing mycophenolic acid, said mutant being resistant to clofibrat, and recovering the mycophenolic acid which accumulates in the culture medium.

Abstract: An L-threonine microorganism is produced by inserting a restriction endonuclease fragment of chromosomal DNA controlling .alpha.-amino-.beta.-hydroxy valeric acid resistance from a Brevibacterium or Corynebacterium into a plasmid and transforming a Brevibacterium or Corynebacterium which is sensitive to .alpha.-amino-.beta.-hydroxy valeric acid.

Abstract: Hydrazides of the formula ##STR1## are good curing agents for epoxy resin, wherein in the formula, X is an aromatic hydrocarbon residue of dihydric phenol, ##STR2## The curing agents are useful in formulating novel storable one-package, heat-curable epoxy resin-based compositions.

Abstract: Hydrazides of the formula ##STR1## are good curing agents for epoxy resin. The curing agents are useful in formulating novel storable one-package, heat-curable epoxy resin-based compositions.

Abstract: An L-glutamic acid producing microorganism which is constructed by incorporation into a recipient strain of the genus Brevibacterium or Corynebacterium of a hybrid plasmid having inserted therein a DNA fragment with genetic information related to L-glutamic acid production which is derived from a donor strain of the genus Brevibacterium or Corynebacterium, is useful for the production of high levels of L-glutamic acid by fermentation.

Abstract: A stabilized halogen-containing resin composition which comprises (A) a halogen-containing resin, (B) at least one of methionine derivatives selected from the group consisting of compounds having the following structural formula (I) to (III) ##STR1## and (C) at least one of stabilizers selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metal, zinc and organo tin compounds.