Abstract: There is described therein a method of roaming between 5G networks operator for selecting a network operator in a visited country when a mobile network user exits an area covered by a home network operator to enter the visited country covered by a plurality of visited network operators. This method of roaming is based on the concordance between the VNF supported by the visited country network and the network profile of the user. The network profile of the user embeds both the functions commonly chained in his home network to deploy the services corresponding to his usage and the functions required in the visited country network to perform the services desired by the user. Therefore, by matching this profile with VNF capabilities deployed by a network the invention allows a better user satisfaction in roaming situations providing them with the most suitable network.

Abstract: At least one embodiment relates to a method for controlling a wireless access point, including receiving, from a target wireless access point, management data representative of, for respective wireless end points associated with the target wireless access point, a received signal strength and a number of retransmissions, and IDs associated with neighboring wireless access points detected by the target wireless access point; identifying at least one wireless end point affected by a hidden node problem in function of the corresponding received signal strength and the number of retransmissions; identifying at least one potential hidden node in function of a channel used and a received signal strength of the detected neighboring wireless access points; and identifying a hidden node wireless access point based on the wireless access points detected by the wireless end point identified as affected by a hidden node problem and the identified potential hidden node.

Abstract: Embodiments provide apparatuses, methods and computer programs for mobile communication systems comprising base station and mobile transceivers. An apparatus for a base station transceiver (and/or a mobile transceiver) of a mobile communication system, comprises a transceiver module to communicate with the mobile transceiver (and/or base station transceiver) using first and second communication channels, wherein the first channel is more reliable than the second channel. The apparatus further comprises a controller module to control the transceiver module, and to provide a data service to the mobile transceiver (and/or base station transceiver). The data service comprises first and second data packets, wherein the first data packets comprise information related to core data of the data service, and wherein the second data packets comprise information related to optional refinement data for the data service. The first data packets use the first channel, and the second data packets use the second channel.

Abstract: A method is described for the support of nomadic or fixed users in a mobile network. The mobile network may include a Core Network CN accessed by a Radio Access Network RAN. The mobile network may provide connectivity, referred to as PDN connectivity, between an User Equipment UE and at least one external network, referred to as Packet Data Network PDN, via a selected one of mobile network nodes associated with the PDN and referred to as PDN Gateway PDN GW. The method may include support of a nomadic or fixed user in a mode of operation referred to as non-mobile mode of operation wherein the selected PDN GW, referred to as local PDN GW, is co-located with a RAN node serving the UE, based on knowledge of the user's mobility pattern.

Abstract: In certain embodiments, an assembly has intermediate pods magnetically, but not galvanically, coupled along an electrically conductive cable. Each pod has a magnetic core surrounding and inductively coupled to the cable and one or more coils inductively coupled to the magnetic core. The pod transmits, for example, outgoing current pulses on the cable by inducing electrical signals in the cable using a transmitter coil and the magnetic core. In addition, the pod repeats, for example, incoming current pulses on the cable by inducing electrical signals in the cable using the transmitter coil and the magnetic core, based on electrical signals induced in a receiver coil via the magnetic core by the incoming current pulses. Such an assembly can function as a data collection system for scientific research and/or as an early-warning system for events, such as earthquakes and tsunamis, without having to modify the cable itself.

Abstract: The network system includes a network node and an end device. The network node is required to send a confirmation to the end device upon reception of a data packet of a first type and is not required to send a confirmation to the end device upon reception of a data packet of a second type. The method includes transmitting, by the end device, data packets of the first type in accordance with a duty cycle that is smaller than or equal to the first upper limit indicated by a first command packet received from the network node. The application further relates to a network node and an end device for use in a network system.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method, network device and terminal device for mobility management in a beam-based millimeter wave communication system. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for mobility management implemented by a network device in a beam-based millimeter wave communication system. The method comprises: receiving, from a terminal device, a request for mobility management; allocating dedicated resources for transmitting a beam switching request in response to the request for the mobility management; transmitting a first indication of the allocated dedicated resources to a terminal device; and receiving, from the terminal device, the beam switching request over the dedicated resources, the beam switching request indicating a target beam to which the terminal device is to be switched.

Abstract: The method includes at an initiating router generating a multicast echo request message that at least includes an identifier of a multicast tree and an indication of at least one responding router that should respond to the multicast echo request message; and sending the multicast echo request message to a downstream router of the initiating router along the multicast datapath of the multicast tree.

Abstract: The invention includes a method and apparatus for delivering content to one or more content destination nodes. A method includes receiving content utility prediction information for a content item, selecting a content distribution mode for the content item using the content utility prediction information, and propagating the content item toward at least one of the content destination nodes using the selected content distribution mode and, optionally, with a defined priority, sequence, or schedule. The content utility prediction information is associated with the content destination nodes, and is indicative of a level of utility of the content item to the content destination nodes. The content distribution mode may include any content distribution mode, such as broadcast, switched broadcast, multicast, unicast, and the like. The content utility prediction information is received from one or more content prediction nodes.

Abstract: The method of transmitting data includes encoding, at an optical line terminal, data to be transmitted over a plurality of wavelength channels; providing the encoded data to corresponding lasers as modulation inputs, to enable the lasers to generate optical signals representing the data; multiplexing the optical signals; and equalizing the multiplexed optical signals for transmission via an optical transmission link. The method of receiving data includes de-multiplexing, at an optical network unit, optical signals received from an optical transmission link; selecting, from the de-multiplexed optical signals, an optical signal corresponding to a particular wavelength channel; converting the selected optical signal into electric signals; and decoding the electric signal to determine the data.

Abstract: A user equipment, intermediate proxy node, method and computer program are disclosed. The user equipment comprises a network control domain and a user domain and is operable to receive and transmit data via multiple communication paths. The user equipment has conversion logic within the user domain operable to convert between a single data stream and multiple data streams formed from the single data stream, such that at least two of the multiple communication paths may be used for transmission of the multiple data streams formed from the single data stream.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and apparatus for transmitting uplink grant, the method comprising: transmitting the uplink grant by selecting a downlink subframe from a plurality of candidate downlink subframes each of the plurality of downlink subframes enabling scheduling of at least one user equipment to start transmitting burst data in a uplink subframe.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication method and apparatus. For example, at a first device, a resource for data transmission is randomly selected, and the resource is used to transmit data. In addition, the first device sends, to a second device, an indication that the first device will continue to use the resource for transmitting further data. A corresponding apparatus is further disclosed in the present disclosure.

Abstract: It is proposed a device to process data to be transmitted via a first radio module of a radio communications network, in which data to be transmitted is mapped on subcarriers and in the radio module subsequently up-converted to a radio frequency higher than the subcarrier frequencies, wherein the subcarriers are grouped into frequency subbands, and wherein at least one subband is scalable with at least one subband parameter, wherein a subband parameter is in particular a subcarrier spacing, and wherein in at least one subband at least two different parameters, in particular subcarrier spacings, can be used.

Abstract: A method for managing a virtual radio access network which serves a radio cell is provided. The method includes selecting, based on a radio access technology of the radio cell, a construction scheme for the virtual radio access network in a repository. Further, the method includes querying, from the repository, at least one software component associated to the construction scheme. The software component represents a virtualized network function of the virtual radio access network. The method additionally includes setting up, using the software component, the virtualized network function on a runtime platform according to the construction scheme.

Abstract: Examples relate to a method for a mobile communication system. The mobile communication system includes a base station communicating with a plurality of associated mobile stations using a downlink radio frame comprising a plurality of subframes. Further, the method includes generating a master sub-frame of the downlink radio frame by the base station. The master sub-frame includes scheduling information indicating which of the mobile stations are candidates for scheduling in sub-frames other than the master sub-frame of the downlink radio frame, and which of the mobile stations are scheduled by the base station in the master sub-frame. Additionally, the method includes transmitting the master sub-frame to the plurality of associated mobile stations by the base station. Further, the method includes reading the scheduling information of the master sub-frame by at least one mobile station of the plurality of associated mobile stations.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communications. For example, scheduling information is received at a terminal device from a network device, the scheduling information at least indicates physical resource blocks shared by a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of the terminal device and a further DMRS of at least one further terminal device, and different sub-carriers allocated to the DMRS and the further DMRS in each of physical resource blocks, and the number of physical resource blocks is indivisible by a total number of the terminal device and the at least one further terminal device. The DMRS is generated, and a length of the DMRS is determined based on the number of physical resource blocks and the number of at least one further terminal device. The DMRS is transmitted to the network device on the sub-carriers allocated to the DMRS in the physical resource blocks.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment, the method includes determining a second sequence of numbers of digits for encoding the respective integer coefficient values of the first sequence, the second sequence including, as first element, a first number of digits for encoding the first integer coefficient value of the first sequence, and as second and subsequent elements, constrained numbers of digits that are greater than or equal to respective minimum required numbers of digits for encoding the second and subsequent integer coefficient values of the first sequence. The constrained numbers of digits are such that any two successive elements of the second sequence do not differ from each other by more than a given threshold value. The method further includes encoding difference values between the successive elements of the second sequence; and encoding the integer coefficient values of the first sequence using the respective numbers of digits of the second sequence.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method of charging session management. The method comprises, at a first node of a communication system, receiving an indication of charging termination associated with a terminal device from a second node of the communication system, where the indication of charging termination at least specifies a time length; detecting traffic for the terminal device in response to receiving the indication of charging termination; and in response to the traffic for the terminal device being lower than a predetermined threshold, starting a timer for terminating a charging session of the terminal device after the time length. Embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a corresponding device.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method and apparatus for optical communication. For example, there is provided a method implemented at a passive optical network device configured to perform high-rate communication via a bandwidth-limited link. The method comprises: receiving, via the bandwidth-limited link, a training signal from an optical network unit; obtaining a delay signal by delay-sampling the training signal; determining, based on the delay signal, a first channel response of the bandwidth-limited link, the first channel response characterizing change of the training signal caused by the bandwidth-limited link; and compensating, based on the first channel response, a communication signal received via the bandwidth-limited link from the optical network unit, to reduce distortion of the communication signal. A corresponding apparatus is also disclosed.