Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment, the method includes determining a second sequence of numbers of digits for encoding the respective integer coefficient values of the first sequence, the second sequence including, as first element, a first number of digits for encoding the first integer coefficient value of the first sequence, and as second and subsequent elements, constrained numbers of digits that are greater than or equal to respective minimum required numbers of digits for encoding the second and subsequent integer coefficient values of the first sequence. The constrained numbers of digits are such that any two successive elements of the second sequence do not differ from each other by more than a given threshold value. The method further includes encoding difference values between the successive elements of the second sequence; and encoding the integer coefficient values of the first sequence using the respective numbers of digits of the second sequence.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communications. For example, scheduling information is received at a terminal device from a network device, the scheduling information at least indicates physical resource blocks shared by a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of the terminal device and a further DMRS of at least one further terminal device, and different sub-carriers allocated to the DMRS and the further DMRS in each of physical resource blocks, and the number of physical resource blocks is indivisible by a total number of the terminal device and the at least one further terminal device. The DMRS is generated, and a length of the DMRS is determined based on the number of physical resource blocks and the number of at least one further terminal device. The DMRS is transmitted to the network device on the sub-carriers allocated to the DMRS in the physical resource blocks.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a communication method, a network device and a terminal device. There is provided a communication method implemented at a network device, comprising: determining power allocation information for multiuser superposition transmission, the power allocation information indicating power allocation for the multiuser superposition transmission between a near terminal device and far terminal devices on one or more spatial layers; and transmitting the power allocation information to the near terminal device dynamically. There is also provided a communication method implemented at a terminal device, as well as corresponding network device and terminal device.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method of charging session management. The method comprises, at a first node of a communication system, receiving an indication of charging termination associated with a terminal device from a second node of the communication system, where the indication of charging termination at least specifies a time length; detecting traffic for the terminal device in response to receiving the indication of charging termination; and in response to the traffic for the terminal device being lower than a predetermined threshold, starting a timer for terminating a charging session of the terminal device after the time length. Embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a corresponding device.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method and apparatus for optical communication. For example, there is provided a method implemented at a passive optical network device configured to perform high-rate communication via a bandwidth-limited link. The method comprises: receiving, via the bandwidth-limited link, a training signal from an optical network unit; obtaining a delay signal by delay-sampling the training signal; determining, based on the delay signal, a first channel response of the bandwidth-limited link, the first channel response characterizing change of the training signal caused by the bandwidth-limited link; and compensating, based on the first channel response, a communication signal received via the bandwidth-limited link from the optical network unit, to reduce distortion of the communication signal. A corresponding apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: A vectoring controller is configured to determine first coefficient values for a vectoring matrix at a first tone based on a first number of iterations through an iterative update algorithm and a first channel matrix estimate at the first tone, and to determine second coefficient values for the vectoring matrix at a second neighboring tone based on a second number of iterations through the iterative update algorithm and a second channel matrix estimate at the second tone. The vectoring controller is configured to start with the first coefficient values as initial values for the respective second coefficient values in the iterative update algorithm. The second number of iterations is lower than or equal to the first number of iterations.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a method for performing analog CSI feedback in a user equipment, comprising: a. obtaining an analog CSI matrix corresponding to the user equipment, the analog CSI matrix satisfies a condition below: X XH=D, where X denotes the analog CSI matrix, H denotes conjugate transpose of matrix, and D denotes a diagonal matrix; b. obtaining dominated element information corresponding to the analog CSI matrix according to predetermined index information, and transmitting the dominated element information to a base station. The solution according to the present disclosure can reduce feedback overheads to a greater extent, has a high CSI feedback quality, and can reliably implement CSI recovery at the base station side.

Abstract: A bidirectional optical repeater having two unidirectional optical amplifiers and a supervisory optical circuit connected to optically couple the corresponding unidirectional optical paths. In an example embodiment, the supervisory optical circuit provides three pathways therethrough for supervisory optical signals, the first pathway being from the output of the first optical amplifier to the input of the second optical amplifier, the second pathway being between the input of the first optical amplifier and the input of the second optical amplifier, and the third pathway being from the output of the second optical amplifier to the input of the first optical amplifier. The pathways are arranged such that the remote monitoring equipment of the corresponding optical transport system can use optical time-domain reflectometry to determine and monitor, as a function of time, the individual gains of the first and second optical amplifiers.

Abstract: A transmitting device performs a channel assessment in a previous sub-frame in an unlicensed carrier. After a successful channel assessment, the transmitting device starts a data transmission. The transmitting device transmits a control message for indicating the data transmission in (E)PDCCH. The control message may include the starting time of the data transmission and/or at least one transmission characteristic in the previous sub-frame. The transmission device may transmit an initial control message for indicating a potential data transmission being started in the sub-frame in which the initial control message is transmitting. Method and apparatus enable (E)CCA to take place at any time, and data transmission to start earlier than the next sub-frame boundary after a successful completion of (E)CCA, thus improving the data transmission capacity, especially in circumstances when the maximum length of transmission is constrained.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for coordination of transmission from a first and at least one further base station (M1, P1), wherein said first base station (M1, P1) evaluates the usage by said at least one further base station (M1, P1) of at least one subframe, and said first base station (M1, P1) uses said at least one subframe for transmission dependent on the evaluated usage by said at least one further base station (M1, P1) of said at least one subframe, and a base station therefore.

Abstract: Improved virtualized application performance is provided through disabling of unnecessary functions, such as unnecessary encryption and decryption operations. An example method performed by a hypervisor includes the steps of obtaining a request from a first virtual machine to perform one or more of encrypting and decrypting of a communication between the first virtual machine and a second virtual machine; determining when the first and second virtual machines execute on a same host as the hypervisor; and in response to the first and second virtual machines executing on the same host: processing the communication without performing the one or more of encrypting and decrypting of the communication, wherein the hypervisor initiates an encryption of further communications between the first virtual machine and the second virtual machine in response to at least one of the first virtual machine and the second virtual machine being moved from the same host.

Abstract: A bidirectional optical repeater having two unidirectional optical amplifiers and a supervisory optical circuit connected to optically couple the corresponding two optical paths through the repeater. In an example embodiment, the supervisory optical circuit is symmetrical in the sense that it enables the two optical input/output port pairs of the repeater to be interchangeable and functionally equivalent at least with respect to two supervisory wavelengths and some in-band and/or out-of-band wavelengths. This symmetry can advantageously be used, e.g., to improve the installation process directed at installing such optical repeaters in an undersea cable system. For example, a single directional orientation of the optical repeaters does not need to be maintained throughout the cable system, which can significantly reduce the risk and/or cost of installation errors.

Abstract: In one example embodiment, a first network element includes a memory storing computer-readable instructions and at least one processor configured to execute the computer-readable instructions to cause the first network element to, obtain user equipment (UE)-side parameter values from a user domain of the UE, convert a first data stream received from a second network element into multiple second data streams over multiple data communication paths between the UE and the first network element and allocate the multiple second data streams to at least one of the multiple data communication paths based on the UE-side parameter values.

Abstract: A method for delivering dynamic policy rules for an end user of a communication service during a communication session is provided. The method includes receiving subscription information at a Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) in order to determine an initial policy; applying the initial rules via a Policy and Charging Enforcement Function (PCEF); triggering an Extended Online Charging System (EOCS) for the user's service/network resource usage; rating and charging the user via the EOCS in real time; triggering a change of policy in a change notification from the EOCS to the PCRF; determining new rules for the new policy at the PRCF; receiving the new rules and applying them at the PCEF.

Abstract: A method to provide authentication services to third party vendors by a service provider hosting an authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) server or a similar device that can authenticate users for some other service. This method enables easy and substantially error-free end-user authentication, which forms the basis for enabling electronic transactions (e.g., web-based) that are less vulnerable to fraud.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method of user equipment which performs cellular transmission via a serving base station. The method may comprise: sending a request message to the serving base station to request allocation of a resource for device-to-device (D2D) discovery transmission; receiving from the serving base station an indication message for indicating the allocated resource; and performing the D2D discovery transmission on the allocated resource while the cellular transmission is performed. The embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a method of a serving base station, user equipment, and a serving base station.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a method for determining a 3D model of a surface (S), executed by a 3D model determination device (4), comprising: —obtaining (S1) a plurality of 2D+Z images of said surface (S) from respective 2D+Z image sources (3), —determining (S2), in function of the 2D+Z images, implicit surface data (sdf+) modeling said surface (S), wherein the implicit surface data (sdf+) specify, for respective points (p{circumflex over (?)} of a 3D field, a distance (d) between said point and said surface and a 2D+Z image source identifier (C0, C1, C2) associated with said point, —determining (S3) a plurality of vertices (V;) in function of the implicit surface data, —for at least one of said vertices, determining (S4) at least one 2D+Z image source associated with said vertex in function of the implicit surface data, and at least one texture identifier (T,ID) and 2D texture coordinates (vi) associated with said vertex in function of 2D+Z image source modeling data associated with the determined at least one 2D

Abstract: A method of wireless data transmission at a first radio access point, including detecting a degradation of a first radio link established for a first frequency band between the first radio access point and a user equipment, and sending, addressed to a network entity, information to trigger a handover or handover decision of the wireless data transmission from the first radio link of the first radio access point operating in the first frequency band to a second radio link of a second radio access point operating in the first frequency band depending on the result of the detection.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method, a device and a computer-readable medium for guaranteeing communication service. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a source network device that currently serves the terminal device transmits, to a target network device which will serve the terminal device, information about the amount of resources of network slices utilized by the terminal device. The target network device configures the amount of resources based on the information. In this way, successful handover of the terminal device from the source network device to the target network device is guaranteed, so as to ensure continuity of communication services of the terminal device. In addition, embodiments of the present disclosure creates a network slice in the target network device, which avoids possible interruptions of communication service caused by mapping from the terminal device to the slices supported by the target network device.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method, a device and a computer readable medium for determining a location of a communication device. According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, a network device determines a location of a terminal device relative to a network device using signals received from the terminal device via a reference antenna and a switchable antenna array, thereby improving precision of determining the location of the terminal device.