Abstract: Compositions and methods for cleaning aluminum surfaces wherein the cleaning compositions contain sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and at least one surfactant.

Abstract: A process for phosphating a metal surface to be electrocoated, which comprises treating the metal surface with an acidic phosphating solution comprising a zinc compound in a concentration of 0.5 to 1.5 g/l as zinc ion, a phosphate in a concentration of 5 to 30 g/l as phosphate ion and a nitrite in a concentration of 0.01 to 0.2 g/l as nitrite ion and/or an aromatic nitro compound in a concentration of 0.05 to 2 g/l in water at a temperature of 40 to 70.degree. C. first by dipping for not less than 15 seconds and then by spraying for not less than 2 seconds.

Abstract: An autodepositing coating composition of the ferric iron-containing type wherein ferrous iron tends to build up in concentration in the composition and affect adversely the coating capabilities of the composition as it is used continuously to autodeposit coatings on iron-containing surfaces, the improvement comprising adding to said composition, in an amount effective to decrease the amount of ferrous iron which tends to adversely affect the coating capabilities of the composition, a carboxylic acid which is effective in forming a complex with said ferrous iron.

Abstract: Method and composition for applying an organic coating to a metallic surface, the surface being contacted with an acidic aqueous coating composition comprising an organic coating-forming material, fluoride, and ferric iron, wherein the thickness and/or weight of the coating formed on the surface can be controlled by varying the time the surface is immersed in the composition.

Abstract: In a process wherein a resinous coating is formed on a metallic surface by immersing the surface in an acidic aqueous coating composition containing dispersed particles of resin, wherein said composition forms on said surface a resinous coating which increases in thickness the longer the surface is immersed in the composition and wherein the resinous coating is contacted with an aqueous solution containing Cr in order to improve properties (e.g. corrosion resistance), the surface slip of the applied coating is increased by having dispersed in the Cr-containing solution a polymer which has a lower coefficient of friction than the applied resinous coating.

Abstract: A spray process for plating nickel metal or ferrous metal surfaces using a solution containing nickel ions and hypophoshite ions.

Abstract: An alkaline cleaner, cleaning solutions formed therefrom, and processes for cleaning ferrous-based metal surfaces. The compositions and processes of the invention are especially useful in removing contaminants from the surfaces of drawn and ironed black plate steel containers. The cleaner includes:(a) from about 20 to about 70% by weight of an alkali metal metasilicate or orthosilicate, or a combination thereof;(b) from 0 to about 45% by weight of an alkali metal carbonate;(c) from about 5 to about 30% by weight of an alkali metal phosphate;(d) from about 2 to about 15% by weight of a surfactant such as nonylphenoxy-(polyethoxy) ethanol; and(e) from about 2 to about 20% by weight of a polyethoxy secondary alcohol.

Abstract: Solutions and processes for accelerating the rate of application of a conversion coating to zinc surfaces utilizing an aqueous solution containing an oxidizing agent which is a bromate, nitrite, persulfate or hypochlorite; a cation of cobalt, nickel, iron or tin; a complexing agent to keep the cation in solution; and sufficient alkaline material to produce a pH of at least 10.5.

Abstract: An acidic aqueous solution for coating metallic substrates and consisting essentially of hexavalent chromium, reduced chromium, an alkylphenoxypoly(alkyleneoxy)ether and dispersed acrylic resin solids.

Abstract: Method and composition for applying a coating to a metallic surface, the surface being immersed in an acidic aqueous coating composition comprising dispersed solid particles of an organic polymeric resinous coating-forming material and an oxidizing agent, wherein the weight or thickness of the coating formed on the surface is a function of the time the surface is immersed in the composition.

Abstract: Lubricating oils and aluminum fines are removed from aluminum surfaces by contacting the surfaces with an aqueous solution containing sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid, and an alkali metal 2-butoxyethoxyacetate anionic surfactant. The solution may also contain one or more low foaming nonionic surfactants.

Abstract: In an acidic aqueous coating solution which contains zirconium, hafnium or titanium, and fluoride and which is effective in forming on an aluminum surface a non-chromate coating to which overlying coatings adhere tightly and which is corrosion resistant and resists being discolored when subjected to hot water, the improvement comprising including in said coating solution a combination of surfactants in an amount such that a coating formed from the surfactant-containing coating solution has an improved tendency to resist being discolored by hot water.

Abstract: An aqueous coating composition containing a monomer which is capable of polymerizing in the presence of a metallic substrate in contact with the composition to form a polymer which has a multiplicity of groups capable of ionizing to form negatively charged groups on the polymer chain. Also, an autodepositing composition having included therein a monomeric constituent, that is, a material capable of being polymerized, for forming an organic coating on a metallic substrate.

Abstract: An aqueous alkaline composition having increased effectiveness and bath life when used at elevated temperatures to remove siccative coatings from substrates coated therewith containing one or more alkaline compounds and at least two of the following three materials: tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, an ethoxylated furfuryl alcohol and an ethoxylated tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol; and preferably containing one or more of a sequestering agent, a composition-stabilizing compound, and a surfactant.

Abstract: An outodepositing coating process wherein a coating bath containing an acidic aqueous coating composition comprising as essential ingredients: (1) an acid; (2) an oxidizing agent; and (3) an aqueous dispersion of coating forming resin particles and surfactant, which surfactant is subject to being slowly altered by the acidic oxidizing environment in the metal coating bath resulting in the buildup of reaction products in the bath, which bath is maintained in continuous coating forming operability by replenishing in a manner which prevents the deterioration of the coating quality of the bath. The coating composition and replenishing composition may also contain as an optional ingredient an aqueous dispersion of pigment and surfactant and may also contain non-essential ingredients, which non-essential ingredients may increase in concentration as the bath is operated until a deleterious effect is asserted on the coating formation.

Abstract: Method and composition for applying an organic coating to a metallic surface, the surface being contacted with an acidic aqueous coating composition comprising an organic coating-forming material, fluoride, and ferric iron, wherein the thickness and/or weight of the coating formed on the surface can be controlled by varying the time the surface is immersed in the composition.

Abstract: In a process wherein an organic coating is formed on a metallic surface by immersing the surface in an acidic aqueous coating composition containing dispersed particles of an organic coating-forming material, wherein said composition forms on said surface an organic coating which increases in thickness the longer the surface is immersed in the composition and wherein the coating on said surface tends to crack, the improvement comprising maintaining a non-oxidizing atmosphere surrounding the metallic surface from the time it is removed from the coating composition until the coated metallic surface is heated to fuse the coating.

Abstract: In an acidic aqueous coating solution which contains zirconium, hafnium or titanium, and fluoride and which is effective in forming on an aluminum surface a non-chromate coating to which overlying coatings adhere tightly and which is corrosion resistant and resists being discolored when subjected to hot water, the improvement comprising including in said coating solution a surfactant in an amount such that a coating formed from the surfactant-containing coating solution has an improved tendency to resist being discolored by hot water.

Abstract: An aqueous alkaline coating solution having a pH of no greater than about 10.2 for forming on zinc surface a coating which is corrosion resistant and to which overlying coatings adhere excellently is disclosed, and containing in solution one or more of the following metals: cobalt, nickel, iron and tin; and an inorganic complexing material which is effective in maintaining the metal in solution; and optionally, a reducing agent.

Abstract: Lubricants and metallic fines are removed from aluminum surfaces by contacting the surfaces with an aqueous solution containing an active fluoride compound, sulfuric acid, and a surfactant.