Abstract: Partitioning speech recognition rules for generation of a current language model and interpretation in a speech recognition system. Contexts for each of speech recognition rules are determined when each of the speech rules will be active. At one interval (e.g. initialization of the system), common contexts for the speech rules are determined and grouped or partitioned into speech rule sets according to these common contexts. Rapid and efficient generation of a language model upon the detection of a current context at a second interval (e.g. upon the detection of speech in one embodiment) then may be performed. Subsequent to the generation of the language model, interpretation may be performed using the speech recognition rules grouped into these common contexts.

Abstract: A memory management unit (MMU) having cross-domain control for controlling a CPU's right to access a memory in order to initiate performance of an operation. The MMU includes a translator for translating a virtual address issued by the CPU into a physical address, a data domain number (DDN) and an address domain number (ADN) both corresponding to a domain (a portion of the virtual address space), and a permission. The MMU further includes an environment controller for determining if the ADN corresponding to the operation is allowed access by the CPU. The translator includes an address translation unit (ATU), a data translation unit (DTU), translation table lookup logic, and permission control logic. The ATU generates the physical address, the ADN, and the permission from the virtual address. The DTU generates the DDN of tagged data specified by the CPU if the tagged data is a pointer. The TTLL supplies entry information to the ATU and DTU.

Abstract: A method for deducing user intent and providing computer implemented services characterized by the steps of: a) noticing a significant new event occurring within the computer system; b) deducing an intent from the significant new event and from the context in which the new event occurred; and c) providing a service based upon the new event and its context. Significant events are those which the computer might be able to assist a user, and can be determined by matching the event into a database of recognizable events to make a significant observation. The deduction step takes a delimited set of significant observations and attempts to match the set against a number of intent templates. If there are multiple matches to the intent templates, the matches are ranked and a best guess is made to determine a deduced intent. Service is provided fulfilling all preconditions of a plan associated with the deduced intent, and by sequentially executing the steps of the plan.

Abstract: In a computer system having a digital signal processor for processing a number of tasks within a frame, a method for handling a frame overrun wherein the tasks cannot be processed within the frame. First, the frame overrun is detected. Next, each of the tasks are compared with a processing time which had been allocated to it. A determination is made as to which of these tasks had exceeded its allotted processing time by the greatest amount. The worst case client is notified that its task has caused an overrun. All other non-system task clients are notified that a overrun has occurred. All but system support tasks are inactivated, and processing continues. Each client must determine the correct action to take, including restarting the tasks where they left off, restarting from the beginning, or quitting. Methods for handling more serious overruns are also described.

Abstract: A special purpose modular receptacle comprises a generally rectangular housing having an opening which exposes a cavity within the housing. A plurality of electrical contacts are disposed within the cavity of the housing. Terminal ends of the contacts electrically connect to corresponding contacts on a standard modular connector or a modified modular connector inserted into the cavity. The contacts are exposed at a lower rear portion of the housing allowing connection between the contacts and a printed circuit board. Attachment means allow physical and electrical connection of the housing to a printed circuit board. A guiding means may be present as a modular connector insertion aid.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining whether an alias (or entity name) is available for use in a communication system. A transmitting node or entity transmits a first signal including the alias over the communication system. The alias includes a zone name. If the transmitting node receives a reply signal to the first signal, then the alias is not available for use. Otherwise the alias is available for use. The transmitting node transmits the first signal to a first router connected to a first local network of the communication system. The first router forwards a second signal including the entity name from the first signal to other routers in the network until a second router connected to nodes having the zone name in the entity name is located. Each second router translates the second signal into a third signal which includes the alias, and using a first zone multicast address, multicasts the third signal to a first set of nodes.

Abstract: A computer system having speech recognition functionality, a display screen, a microphone, and a mouse having pointer and voice buttons. The voice button located on the mouse is used to turn the microphone "on" and "off". The voice button in conjunction with the mouse are used to signal the computer to display the recognized spoken command. The pointer button located on the mouse is used to provide a standard "point and click" function so that a user can select text or object(s) on the display screen. The computer will apply recognized spoken commands only to the restricted selection. Voice icons are used to aid in the correction of any erroneous interpretation by the speech recognizer circuitry within the computer. A list of alternative commands are displayed in menu format associated with each icon so that the user can use the voice button and mouse to select the desired correct command. The computer then automatically corrects the erroneous interpretation.

Abstract: A computer implemented apparatus and method for modifying the playback rate of a previously stored audio or voice data file stored within a computer system without altering the pitch of the audio data file as originally stored. The present invention also maintains a high level of sound quality during playback. The present invention includes a double buffering system in order to perform all of the desired calculations in real time. A time stretching technique is employed upon the audio data file to decrease or increase playback rate which creates audio segments requiring joining processing. Junctions are smoothed by employing a cross-fade amplitude envelope filter and a compressor/limiter is used to maintain filter range. The system may operate on a desktop computer allowing for advantageous playback and audio data management options of stored voice and or sound data.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing multiple clients simultaneous access to a sound input/output (I/O) data stream. The present invention provides a method and apparatus for providing multiple programming data structures and multiple patch points in a list, in which each of the patch points are positioned relative to at least one of the programming data structures and is capable of receiving at least one programming data structure for insertion into the list to perform a function. The present invention also includes a method and apparatus for providing at least one buffer for inputting the data stream into and/or receiving the data stream output from each of inserted programming structures, such that each inserted structure can access and operate on the data stream. In this way, multiple clients can access and process the data stream transparently, without interfering with the operation of other clients, yet affecting the sound stream in the desired way.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for transmitting NRZ data signals across an interface comprising an isolation barrier disposed between two devices interconnected via a bus. The apparatus comprises a signal differentiator for receiving an NRZ data signal and outputting a differentiated signal. A driver comprising a tri-state gate has as a first input the data signal and as a second input the differentiated signal for enabling the tri-state gate when the differentiated signal is high. A bias voltage is applied to an output of the tri-state gate to derive as output a transmission signal for transmission via the bus across the interface between the two devices.

Abstract: The present invention provides a bus transceiver incorporating a high speed, binary transfer mode for the half-duplex transfer of data signals with a ternary control transfer mode having a full duplex dominant logic transmission scheme for the full duplex transfer of control signals. In one embodiment of the present invention, the above-noted transfer modes are implemented in a bus architecture which includes at least a first communications node coupled to a second communications node via a twisted pair, serial bus. Each node comprises first transceiver and second transceivers having a differential driver for driving on the bus signal states comprising first and second signal states having equal current amplitudes opposite in sign and a third signal state having approximately a zero current amplitude, a high speed binary receiver for receiving high speed data signals during data transfer phases and a ternary receiver for receiving control signals during control transfer phases.

Abstract: A method of speech recognition which determines acoustic features in a sound sample; recognizes words comprising the acoustic features based on a language model, which determines the possible sequences of words that may be recognized; and the selection of an appropriate response based on the words recognized. Information about what words may be recognized, under which conditions those words may be recognized, and what response is appropriate when the words are recognized, is stored, in a preferred embodiment, in a data structure called a speech rule. These speech rules are partitioned according to the context in which they are active. When speech is detected, concurrent with acoustic feature extraction, the current state of the computer system is used to determine which rules are active and how they are to be combined in order to generate a language model for word recognition. A language model is dynamically generated and used to find the best interpretation of the acoustic features as a word sequence.

Abstract: A special purpose modular connector comprising a generally rectangular housing having a central body portion and two extending side arm portions. A plurality of electrical contacts are disposed within the body and arm portions. Slots at a front end of each portion of the housing expose a terminal end of each electrical contact. Openings in the rear portions of the housing allow connection of cables or other types of component wiring to the contacts. A locking tab is formed at the underside of the housing and functions to align and securely connect the special purpose modular connector with a correspondingly modified receptacle.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for compositing a source image and a destination image using a mask image to produce a result image in a digital image processing system. The method is, on a pixel-by-pixel basis, using the mask image to select between the source and destination images: where a black color value for a mask pixel selects the color value of the corresponding pixel of the source image; and a white color value for a mask pixel selects the color value of the corresponding pixel of the destination image; and where an intermediate color value for a mask pixel selects a weighted average between source and destination pixel color values. The calculations of the weighted average color value are done in color space, such as on a color component by color component basis. The result image can be displayed or stored for further use. This method can be described in boolean expression according to the formula:result=((1-mask)*source)+(mask*destination).

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus and method for reducing the transmission of data on a data communications network by obtaining data from a cache rather than by transmitting the data. This method maintains an indexed cache of data from previous transmissions. Then, when duplicate information is to be transmitted, it can be replaced by a flag and an index to the cached data. This reduces the amount of data to be transmitted and increases the apparent rate of transfer.

Abstract: A data compression process and system that identifies the data type of an input data stream and then selects in response to the identified data type at least one data compression method from a set of data compression methods that provides an optimal compression ratio for that particular data type, thus maximizing the compression ratio for that input data stream. Moreover, the data compression process also provides means to alter the rate of compression during data compression for added flexibility and data compression efficiency. Furthermore, a system memory allocation process is also provided to allow system or user control over the amount of system memory to be allocated for the memory intensive data compression process. System memory allocation process estimates the memory requirement to compress the input data stream, and allocates only that amount of system memory as needed by the data compression for memory allocation efficiency.

Abstract: A method for bonding together liquid crystal cells using a transparent grease. The grease maintains a level of viscosity appropriate for physically bonding the cells while matching the indices of refraction of the cells or cell layers for proper optical coupling.