Abstract: In a rail-bound vehicle which has a vehicle body which can be tilted in relation to supporting bogies when travelling along curved track sections, a current collector for collecting electric current from an overhead contact line is arranged on transverse guides on the roof of the vehicle body, so that it may be displaced in the lateral direction in relation to the roof upon tilting of the vehicle body. The position of the current collector relative to the vehicle body and the overhead contact line is determined by a mast fixed to one of the supporting bogies, which mast is flexibly connected to the current collector.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a device for operating a DC arc furnace with a bottom in the furnace vat consisting of rammed compound (8) or bricks with metallic elements (7) which are in electrically conductive contact, directly or via electrically conductive bricks (10) such as carbon bricks, with a hearth connection (11). The method is characterized in that, after melting and possibly further treatment of a charge (15), when tapping said melt such a quantity thereof is left that said remainder, the sump (17), may serve as part of a starting electrode for the next melting operation.

Abstract: Force measuring equipment has a magnetoelastic transducer with an excitation winding supplied with alternating current, which generates a primary flux in a magnetic core of the transducer, and a measuring winding in which a signal voltage is induced, the signal voltage giving a measure of the force applied to the transducer core. The signal voltage is supplied to signal processing members which are arranged to form an output signal by phase-sensitive rectification of the signal voltage. Control members sense when the primary flux passes a positive and a negative reference level, and switch polarity reversing members at the times during each period of the AC supply when the primary flux with a certain sign of its time rate of change passes the positive reference level and with the opposite sign of its time rate of change passes the negative reference level.

Abstract: Handling equipment for a sheet press for feeding sheet blanks to the press and withdrawing pressed products from the press, includes a first station for the reception of pressed products, a second station containing a supply of sheet blanks, a track extending from the press to the stations, and a shuttle movable along the track and having substantially horizontal, first and second transport compartments at different levels, the first compartment receiving sheet blanks from the second station for delivering them to the press, and the second compartment receiving pressed products from the press for delivering them to the first station.

Abstract: A wound capacitor element for a power capacitor is built up of electrodes of metal foils and a solid dielectric comprising polymer films. Adjacent each end surface of the capacitor element, (a) one of the metal foils is arranged with its longitudinal edge inside the longitudinal edges of the polymer films and there exposed to the end surface between adjacent polymer films and with its longitudinal edge folded along a line extending at least substantially in the longitudinal direction of the metal foil, and (b) one of the metal foils is arranged with its longitudinal edge unfolded at least along the main portion of its length. Each of the metal foils is arranged in contact with separate current tap strips which, from the interior of the capacitor element, protrude outside one end surface of the capacitor element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a channel type induction furnace having at least one inductor and closed channels, including side channels, interconnected at the bottom, possibly via a bottom channel joining said channels, and possibly also a central channel extending between the hearth and the bottom channel, especially designed for aluminum, copper or other non-ferrous metals or non-ferrous alloys. The channel type induction furnace according to the invention is characterized in that the height of the channel in a plane through the longitudinal axis of the primary coil is at least 4.times..delta., where .delta. is the depth of penetration into the melt of the current induced in the channel, and the width of the channel is at least 6.times..delta..

Abstract: An optical measuring apparatus for measuring force or pressure, having at least one light source, at least one optical fiber for passing light from and to a sensor, and one detector system. The sensor includes a material having pressure- and force-dependent photo luminescence properties, the signal received in the detector system being dependent on the pressure or the force applied to the sensor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fiber optic measuring device for measuring physical and chemical quantities. Sensors positioned in the ray path influence the spectral composition of the light in dependence on the quantity to be measured. The sensors are of a material with an absorption edge or one or more filters of interference type.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus for hot elongated work is formed by a tubular or generally cylindrical cluster of longitudinally extending tubes having interspaced discharge means and surrounding the work so that when the tubes are supplied with cooling fluid the work is showered on all sides.

Abstract: A display member, for example a visual display unit presents symbols which are divided into modules. Each module consists of a dot matrix. A refresh memory has one word for each module on the visual display unit. Out of the words in the refresh memory, which correspond to the modules of a symbol, one word contains a symbol code and the other words define the dot matrices of the modules. Control information in each word indicates if the word is a symbol code or a dot matrix. A code transformation memory is supplied with the symbol code and has a word at an address indicated by the symbol code, which word defines the dot matrix of the module in question.

Abstract: A self-igniting thyristor has a zener diode integral with the thyristor, which zener diode bridges the central junction of the thyristor and the breakdown voltage of which determines the breakover voltage of the thyristor. The breakdown voltage of the zener diode is determined by the field geometry in that part of the PN junction of the zener diode which is located near the surface of the semiconductor body, where the breakdown is arranged to take place. A conducting screen is arranged over said portion of the PN junction of the zener diode and is separated from the underlying portion of the surface of the semiconductor body by an insulating layer. The thyristor is provided with means for influencing the potential of the screen, which in turn influences the field geometry and thus the breakdown voltage of the zener diode and the breakover voltage of the thyristor.

Abstract: A capacitive transducer indicates the value of a physical quantity to be measured and is constructed with two spaced electrically conducting plates movable relative to one another in response to a mechanical signal representative of the physical quantity to be measured to generate an electrical signal in response thereto with the transducer capacitor being actuated and de-actuated to be respectively responsive and non-responsive to the mechanical signal in accordance with pre-designated time intervals. The electrical signal in accordance with the capacitance of the transducer capacitor is integrated to provide an output signal when the integrated signal exceeds a reference value.

Abstract: A DC arc furnace hearth directly contacted by the melt is made from partially metal cased bricks which provide metal-to-metal intercontact while exposed portions of the bricks provide brick-to-brick intercontact.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical measuring device for measuring physical or chemical quantities which device employs at least one light source, such as a light-emitting diode, in optical connection with a sensor, the spectral properties of which (e.g. the absorption or luminescence spectrum) are adapted to be changed by the quantity being measured, and at least one light detector (e.g. a photo-diode or a photo-transistor) for receiving the output signal from the sensor.

Abstract: A drive equipment has an AC motor and a self-commutated static converter for transmitting electrical power between the motor and a network for driving and braking the motor. The equipment has braking resistors, each of which is connected between a DC terminal and an AC terminal of the converter. Connected in series with each braking resistor is a thyristor which acts to control the current through the braking resistor.

Abstract: A protective means for a series capacitor in a high-voltage network comprises a voltage-dependent resistor (varistor) arranged in parallel with the series capacitor, a spark gap arranged in parallel with the varistor for shunting the latter when it becomes overloaded, a current-sensing member, for example a current transformer, for sensing the current through the varistor, an energy absorption detector for sensing the temperature of the varistor, and a pulse transformer electrically or magnetically connected to the current-sensing member, for triggering the spark gap. During normal operation of the network and the series capacitor the current-sensing member is short-circuited by a normally closed switching device.

Abstract: The invention relates to an oil damping device intended to be used in operating mechanisms for puffer-type SF.sub.6 breakers where there is a risk that the contact movement is reversed during an opening operation with great current. The damping device comprises a piston which is attached to a piston rod and is movable in a damping cylinder. The damping device is double-acting and the movement is damped against the two end positions of the piston (corresponding to the closed and open position, respectively, of the circuit breaker) by forcing oil to flow out through restricted openings in the damping cylinder. The damping cylinder is movable inside an additional cylinder between a rest position and a lock position. Upon an opening operation, the damping cylinder is automatically brought to the lock position where it is temporarily retained by a latching member.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fiber optical measuring device for measuring physical and/or chemical parameters. The device comprises a transducer unit and an evaluating unit, connected via at least one light conductor. One or more light sources in the evaluating unit, via said at least one light conductor, illuminate one or more optical filters located in the transducer unit which filter(s) is (are) sensitive to the parameter being measured. An optical detector arrangement in the evaluating unit analyzes the light emanating from the transducer unit. The detector arrangement consists of one or more photo-detectors, arranged to sense the light emitted from the transducer unit after this light has been affected by at least one filter belonging to the detector arrangement. The spectral properties of the detector filter(s) are controlled so that the detector arrangement is able to measure the correlation between the spectra of the transducer and detector filters.

Abstract: A transformer with a controlled flow of cooling liquid has a pressure chamber (10) which, via a hydraulic connecting member (14), is connected to a circulating pump which is included in a cooling circuit arranged outside a transformer tank (1). The connecting member (14) has a cavity (19), which is substantially formed as a rotational paraboloid, whereby an inlet tube (21), arranged at one end of said cavity and tangentially thereto, is connected to the circulating pump. One end of the member (14) is directly connected to the pressure chamber (10), whereas the other end of said member is connected to a cooling liquid collecting chamber (13) positioned outside the pressure chamber and defined by the transformer tank. (FIG. 1.

Abstract: Electrical equipment has its components mounted on a plurality of circuit cards. The communication to and from the cards, the supply of supply voltages, etc., take place via conductors arranged on a connection device. The circuit cards are connected to the conductors by means of contact devices. At least some of the conductors are interrupted at each contact device on the connection device. Some of the cards, are slave cards, and are provided with means for bridging the interruptions, whereas others, the main cards, have no such bridging means. By plugging an optional number of slave cards into the connection device immediately adjacent to a main card, a functional unit is formed at an arbitrary location on the connection device. The conductors provided with interruptions form a local bus for internal communication within a multi-card functional unit.