Abstract: Blue anthraquinonoid disperse dyes are prepared by reacting a 1-amino-4-nitroanthraquinonecarboxamide (II) with a cyanide in an aqueous medium in the presence of hydroxyl ion acceptors at above 20.degree. C. by a process in which the reaction is carried out in water at a pH of from 7.5 to 10.5 and in the presence of one or more quaternary ammonium salts at from 60.degree. to 100.degree. C.The process gives disperse dyes which are similar to C.I. Disperse Blue 87 and have similar color properties in high yields by an environmentally compatible process, the said disperse dyes having excellent properties.

Abstract: Tetrahydrofurans are prepared in the gas phase from butane-1,4-diols which may be substituted by alkyl, alkenyl and/or aryl radicals in the carbon skeleton. The reaction is carried out in the presence of a borosilicate and/or iron silicate zeolite, preferably of the pentasil type, as catalyst.Other catalysts which may be used are zeolites doped with alkali metals and/or alkaline earth metals and/or transition metals and/or rare earth metals and/or noble metals.

Abstract: A thiophene-containing azo dye of the formula ##STR1## where R is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl, X is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, phenoxy, mercapto, alkylthio, phenylthio, alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl or phenyl and Y is cyano, nitro, alkanoyl, substituted or unsubstituted benzoyl, alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, Co-Z, where Z is unsubstituted or substituted phenoxy, amino, mono- or dialkyl-amino, pyrrolidino, piperidino, morpholino or N-alkyl-piperazino, and K is the radical of a coupling component is used as dyes for dyeing fiber material.

Abstract: An optical recording medium composed of a base material and a laser light sensitive layer which contains an azulenium dye as storage material with or without a binder is obtainable by spin-coating a solution containing an azulenium dye of the formula ##STR1## where R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl which may be substituted or unsubstituted, and n is 1, 2 or 3, with or without a binder and one or more solvents which have evaporation numbers of not less than 4 and in which an azulenium dye of the abovementioned formula has a solubility of not less than 5 g/l onto a transparent base material based on a plastics material or glass.

Abstract: Isoindolenines of the general formula (I) ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, unsubstituted or chlorine-, hydroxylphenyl- or cyano-substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl or unsubstituted or chlorine- or methyl-substituted phenyl,R.sup.2 is hydrogen or unsubstituted or chlorine-, hydroxyl-, phenyl- or cyano-substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, or is morpholino, pyrrolidino or piperidino, andR.sup.3 is hydrogen or methyl and the benzene ring A may be substituted by from 1 to 4 chlorines, 1 or 2 C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyls or 1 nitro,are obtained by condensing 3-aminophenols of the formula (II) ##STR2## with 3-amino-1-oxoisoindolenines of the general formula (III) ##STR3## in the presence of acids, and are hydrolyzible in very good yields into benzoylbenzoic acids (IV) ##STR4## which are very difficult, if not impossible, to prepare by prior art methods.

Abstract: Heterocyclic compounds of the formula (I) ##STR1## where n is an integer from 1 to 70,R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently of the others hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.22 -alkyl or C.sub.5 - or C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl orR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 and also R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each pairwise trimethylene or tetramethylene,A is a direct bond, C.sub.1 - C.sub.22 -alkylene, cycloalkylene, ##STR2## where m and o are each from 1 to 20 andR.sup.6 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.22 -alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.18 -phenylalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted phenyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.22 -cyanoalkyl,M is a group of the formula ##STR3## which may be bonded to A not only via the nitrogen but also via the carbon, and whereR.sup.7, R.sup.8, and R.sup.10 are each independently of the others C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl orR.sup.7 and R.sup.8 and/or R.sup.9 and R.sup.10 are each pairwise tetramethylene or pentamethylene andR.sup.11 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl,B is a direct bond, C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Chain extended tougheners derived from the reaction of a propenylphenol, a di- or polyphenol, and an epoxy resin may be used to increase the toughness of bismaleimide resin systems.

Abstract: Aqueous glyoxylic acid solutions, essentially free of other acids, are recovered from aqueous solutions which still contain other acids, by a method in which the aqueous solution is mixed with an organic nitrogen compound at as high as 50.degree. C., the phases are separated, and the glyoxylic acid is extracted from the organic phase with water, at a higher temperature.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to N-[3-phosphoranylidenyl-1-azacyclopenta-2,4-dione] radical-containing-compounds which are effective, storage stable latent catalysts for a variety of high performance resin systems.

Abstract: Magnetic recording media essentially consisting of a disk-shaped aluminum substrate, a nonmagnetic (Ni-P) lower film, a chromium-containing intermediate film and a ferromagnetic metal film are produced by a process in which the surface of the (Ni-P) lower film is cleaned by RF sputter etching and then oxidized.

Abstract: Finely divided ethane polymers are prepared using a Ziegler catalyst system consisting of (1) a titanium-containing catalyst component which has been obtained by (1.1) precipitation in an organic liquid comprising (1.1.1) a solution of titanium tetrachloride in a hydrocarbon, (1.1.2) a solution of a certain organoaluminum compound in a hydrocarbon and (1.1.3) an alpha-monoalkene, and (2) an aluminum-containing catalyst component. In this process, the component (1) used is a component where (1.

Abstract: Carbonyl halides of the general formula I ##STR1## where R is an organic radical of more than 7 carbon atoms and X is chlorine or bromine, are prepared by reacting carboxylic acids of the general formula II ##STR2## where R has the abovementioned meaning, with phosphorus chlorides or bromides by treating these reaction mixtures with carboxamide/hydrochloride or hydrobromide mixtures which are not homogeneously miscible with the carbonyl halides I and then separating off the carboxamide hydrochloride or hydrobromide phase.

Abstract: Pyruvic acid is prepared by microbiological oxidation of D-(-)-lactic acid.

Abstract: In polymer ammonium salts which are formed from a copolymer (A) which can be modified by a polymer-analogous reaction and from one or more amines (B), the copolymer (A) is obtainable by copolymerization of a monomer mixture of(a.sub.1) ethylene,(a.sub.2) acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid, and(a.sub.3) one or more further monomers from the group consisting of the vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, acrylates, methacrylates, acrylamides and methacrylamides, and the amines (B) are selected from the group consisting of the(b.sub.1) cyclic amines of the general formula I ##STR1## and/or from the group consisting of the (b.sub.2) open-chain amines of the general formula II ##STR2## and/or from the group consisting of (b.sub.3) 1,4-thiazine, N,N',N"-trisvinylmelamine and N,N',N"-triallylmelamine, Z, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 having the meanings stated in the description.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of copolymers having a glass transition temperature of not more than -45.degree. C. and a K value greater than 80 consist of not less than 80% by weight of acrylates of alkanols of 8 to 12 carbon atoms, from 1 to 4% by weight of .alpha.,.beta.- monoolefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids and/or their amide derivatives and from 0.1 to 3% by weight of .alpha.-methylstyrene, and are used for the production of self-adhesive structures having good tack at as low as -40.degree. C.

Abstract: Cyclohexane-1,3-dione derivatives of the formula ##STR1## where A is phenyl which is monosubstituted in the ortho- or meta-position by alkoxy, nitro, halogen or methylsulfonyl, or is phenyl which is monosubstituted in the ortho-, meta- or para-position by alkyl, phenyl, alkoxy, fluorine-substituted alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted phenoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, unsubstituted or substituted benzyloxy, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkylsulfonyloxy, trifluoromethyl, alkoxyalkyl or alkoxyalkoxy, or is phenyl which is disubstituted trisubstituted or tetrasubstituted by identical or different substituents selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, nitro and 2,4-dichlorophenoxy, with the proviso that, where the substituents are identical, the disubstituted, trisubstituted or tetrasubstituted phenyl radical does not carry methyl radicals, R.sup.1 is hydrogen, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, methyl or cyano, R.sup.2 is alkyl, and R.sup.

Abstract: Microcapsules having melamine-formaldehyde precondensate capsule walls are prepared in a continuous process in aqueous dispersion starting from an appropriate melamine-formaldehyde precondensate in the presence of a water-soluble high polymer which contains strongly acid groups by further condensing the water-soluble precondensate until the solution starts to become turbid, then dispersing the material to be encapsulated in the resulting dispersion in the presence of the water-soluble high polymer which contains strongly acid groups and subsequently condensing the wall material of the resulting microcapsules to completion.

Abstract: The surfaces of particulate adsorbents are consolidated by a process in which the adsorbent is impregnated with a cationic aqueous polymer solution and then treated with an anionic aqueous dispersion of a polymer having a softening point of from 60.degree. to 150.degree. C. and the materials are dried together.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of primarily closed cell rigid foams, useful for strengthening mechanical construction parts or for use as insulation material, containing urethane groups, or urethane and isocyanurate groups where the polyol component is a higher molecular weight polyester polyol, containing in bonded form units having one or more of the structures: ##STR1## or a mixture of said polyester polyol and known polyester polyols and/or polyether polyols.

Abstract: An electrically conductive surface layer is produced on moldings consisting of plastics which are soluble or swellable in organic solvents, the conductivity of the said layer being based on a system, incorporated therein, oforganic electron acceptors (I) on the one hand andorganic electron donors (II), iodides (III) or a mixture of (II) and (III) as electron donors, on the other hand,by a process in which the moldings are treated with organic solutions of these components.The products have a surface resistance of from 10.sup.8 to 10.sup.2 ohm and have the advantage that the remaining properties of the moldings are virtually unaffected by the agents (I) to (III).