Abstract: Water-soluble copolymers having a K value of from 15 to 120 (determined according to H. Fikentscher in an aqueous solution of their sodium salt at 25.degree. C., a pH of 7 and a polymer concentration of the Na salt of 1% by weight) contain, in polymerized form,(a) not less than 80 mol % of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -monocarboxylic acids,(b) from 0.5 to 20 mol % of a comonomer which possesses two or more ethylenically unsaturated, non-conjugated double bonds and one or more --CO--OX groups and/or their salt with an alkali metal, ammonium or alkaline earth metal base, and, if required,(c) not more than 10 mol % of one or more comonomers which differ from (b) and possess two or more ethylenically unsaturated, non-conjugated double bonds, and the said copolymers are prepared by copolymerization of the monomers (a), (b) and, if required (c) in aqueous solution and are used for coating seed.

Abstract: N,N'-dialkyl-substituted cyclic urea derivatives of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms and A is CR.sup.3 R.sup.4 -CR.sup.5 R.sup.6 - or CR.sup.3 R.sup.4 -CR.sup.5 R.sup.6 -CR.sup.7 R.sup.8, where R.sup.3 to R.sup.8 are each hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 17 carbon atoms, are prepared by reacting a diamine of the formula II ##STR2## with carbon dioxide, by a method in which the reaction is carried out in the gas phase in the presence of an oxide of an element of main group three or four or subgroup two to six of the Periodic Table, or a mixture of these, or in the presence of an aluminum silicate or magnesium silicate.1,3,4-trimethyl-2-imidazolidinone is used as a polar solvent at low temperatures.

Abstract: The gap between the ends of a gravure printing plate (3) clamped on a plate cylinder (1) is closed by an apparatus having a gap (5) -covering plate (6) and means for filling the gap cavity with plastic and curable material, consisting of two shaped pieces (7), which are mounted on the shaft ends of the plate cylinder, and a section (8) which is firmly connected to the shaped pieces and in which two displaceable pressure bars (9) are incorporated, wherein a plurality of pressure screws (10) distributed over the length of the pressure bars are arranged above each of the pressure bars.

Abstract: Haloisatoic anhydrides are prepared by halogenating appropriately unsubstituted isatoic anhydrides with elemental chlorine or bromine in the presence of chlorosulfonic acid at from -10.degree. C. to +100.degree. C. using not less than 0.5 mole of halogen per mole of isatoic anhydride.

Abstract: Cyclohexylamines of the formula ##STR1## where X is a single bond or an alkylene chain, Y is hydrogen or an aryl, cyclohexyl, 4-cyclohexylcyclohexyl, perhydro-1- or 2-naphthyl or piperidyl radical, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, hydroxyalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl or arylalkyl, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together form an alkylene group and, togehter with the N atom, form a ring, and acid addition salts thereof, with the exception of compounds in which X is a single bond, Y is cyclohexyl, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen or methyl, and the compounds in which X is C.sub.6 -, C.sub.7 - and C.sub.8 -alkyl, Y is hydrogen and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together with the N atom whose substituents they are form a 2,6-dimethylmorpholine radical, and fungicides containing such cyclohexylamines.

Abstract: Azo reactive dyes of the aniline series for dye or printing fiber materials of the formula ##STR1## wherein K is the radical of a coupling component, and Z is a vinyl sulfonyl reactive group ortho- or para- to the azo bridge.

Abstract: A surfactant-based detergent contains water-soluble copolymers which contain(a) from 99.5 to 15 mol % of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 - to C.sub.6 -monocarboxylic acids,(b) from 0.5 to 20 mol % of one or more comonomers which contain two or more ethylenically unsaturated nonconjugated double bonds and have one or more --CO--OX groups where X is hydrogen, an alkali metal, one equivalent of an alkaline earth metal or ammonium,(c) from 0 to 84.5 mol % of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.4 - to C.sub.6 -dicarboxylic acids,(d) from 0 to 20 mol % of one or more hydroxyalkyl esters of monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 - to C.sub.6 -carboxylic acids and(e) from 0 to 30 mol % of other water-soluble monoethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with (a) to (d)as copolymerized units, with the proviso that the sum of the mol % ages (a) to (e) is always 100 and which have a Finkentscher K value of from 8 to 120.

Abstract: Completely esterified rhodamine dyes of the formula ##STR1## where R, R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 are independently of one another methyl or ethyl, R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are independently of one another hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are independently of one another hydrogen or methyl and A.sup..crclbar. is an anion, are prepared from compounds of the formula II ##STR2## or from the corresponding water addition products by esterification with dialkyl sulfates in solvents by using .gamma.-butyrolactone, alkylene carbonates, dialkyl carbonates, methoxypropyl acetate or dialkyl phthalates as solvent and working in the presence of an excess of a base, based on dialkyl sulfate.

Abstract: Hydroxylammonium salts are prepared by catalytic reduction of nitrogen monoxide with hydrogen in dilute aqueous mineral acids at elevated temperature in the presence of suspended supported platinum catalysts obtainable by precipitating metallic platinum from aqueous solutions of platinum salts onto carriers suspended therein by means of reducing agents in the presence of one or more water-soluble substituted or unsubstituted thioureas.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of cyclopentanone from adipic acid wherein adipic acid vapor in an inert gas at a temperature of from 250.degree. C. to 450.degree. C., possibly accompanied by water vapor, is passed over an oxygenous acidic or basic catalyst.

Abstract: .alpha.-triazolyl glycol ethers of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkyl, alkoxy, halogen or phenyl,R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each hydrogen or alkyl,R.sup.4 is alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted phenyl,Z is ##STR2## n is 0, 1, 2 or 3, R.sup.5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl andR.sup.6 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl or unsubstituted or substituted benzyl,a process for their preparation, and their use as crop protection agents and growth regulators.

Abstract: In magnetic recording media consisting of a nonmagnetic base and, firmly applied to this, one or more magnetic layers based on a magnetic material finely dispersed in organic binders, the binder consists of not less than 50% by weight of a high molecular weight branched polyurethane elastomer possessing OH-containing urea groups at the chain ends.

Abstract: Aromatics are acylated by the Friedel-Crafts method by carrying out the acylation in the presence of metalalkyls or metalalkyl halides of metals or semimetals of main groups two to five and/or of metals of subgroups two or four of the Periodic Table.

Abstract: A multilayer coating is produced on a substrate by a process in which an aqueous dispersion containing(A) a carbonyl-containing copolymer of monoolefinically unsaturated compounds, not less than 10% by weight of which have carbonyl groups which react with hydrazide groups, and(B) polyhydrazides,is applied as a base coat to the substrate, the water is flashed off and one or more further conventional coats are applied to this base coat as a dispersion or solution, the solvent is flashed off and, if required, the resulting multilayer coating is baked for from 10 to 60 minutes at from 70.degree. to 180.degree. C.

Abstract: Alkyl pentenoates are prepared by reacting butadiene with carbon monoxide and an alkanol in the presence of a cobalt carbonyl complex and a tertiary, aromatic heterocyclic nitrogen base at from 80.degree. to 160.degree. C. under from 100 to 1,000 bar in the presence of from 0.1 to 10% by volume of hydrogen, based on the amount of carbon monoxide used.

Abstract: Photosensitive recording elements which possess a photosensitive recording layer which is applied to a dimensionally stable base, if necessary via one or more intermediate layers, and have good photochemical properties and a long shelf life contain a compound of the general formula (I) ##STR1## where M is a hydrogen atom or proton, an alkali metal cation, the ammonium cation or an amine cation and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and are each a substituted s-triazine ring, in the photosensitive recording layer and/or any intermediate layer present, in order to control the photochemical properties.

Abstract: An improved multifilamentary fibrous material is formed having particles of a matrix-forming thermoplastic polymer substantially uniformly dispersed among adjoining filaments in the absence of fusion bonding. The polymer particles initially are dispersed in an aqueous medium containing an effective amount of a dissolved polymeric binding agent and the viscosity of the medium subsequently is substantially increased to at least 50,000 cps. to form a gelled impregnation bath having a plastic flow characteristic with shear-thinning behavior wherein the polymer particles are substantially uniformly suspended. The resulting impregnation bath is caused to flow between the adjoining filaments of the multifilamentary fibrous material with a concomitant viscosity reduction which aids in the incorporation of the polymer particles. The concentration of the aqueous medium in the product is controlled to yield a uniform, handleable, drapable, tacky, and highly stable product.

Abstract: Vinylglyoxal derivatives of the general formula I ##STR1## where R is straight-chain or branched alkyl or alkenyl, cycloalkyl or unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, are prepared by a process in which bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-enecarbaldehyde of the formula V ##STR2## is either (a) subjected to autocondensation with formation of a compound of the formula VII ##STR3## or (b) reacted with a compound of the general formula IIR-CH.dbd.O (II)where R has the above meanings, with formation of a mixture of the compounds of the general formulae VIII (a) and (b) ##STR4## where R is as defined above, in the presence of a catalyst, and the compound of the formula VII or the compounds of the formulae VIII (a) and (b) is or are oxidized to the corresponding dicarbonyl compounds, after which gas-phase pyrolysis is carried out at from 500.degree. to 700.degree. C. and under reduced pressure, in particular less than 10.sup.-1 mbar, and, if desired, the resulting compound of the general formula I is further purified.

Abstract: Polyolefin foams which have a density of from 30 to 300 g/l, do not exhibit after-shrinkage and possess taut cells are prepared by letting down a polyolefin/blowing agent gel, the latter first being let down to 0.1-10 bar gage pressure and the foam being kept at this pressure until it has cooled to at least 20.degree. C. below the expansion temperature.

Abstract: Distillation residues from the purification of caprolactam are worked up by heating in the presence of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide and in the presence of a high-boiling hydrocarbon at from 250.degree. to 500.degree. C. and continuously removing the caprolactam.