Abstract: Slightly crosslinked, water-soluble polymaleic acid which is obtainable by polymerization of maleic anhydride with from 0.1 to 10% by weight of a crosslinking agent in an aromatic hydrocarbon at from 60.degree. to 200.degree. C. in the presence of from 1 to 20% by weight, based on maleic anhydride, of a peroxyester, and hydrolysis of the polymer to give slightly crosslinked polymaleic acid having a Fikentscher K value of from 8 to 20 (measured at 20.degree. C. in 5% strength aqueous solution at pH 7 as the Na salt), a process for the preparation of slightly crosslinked polymaleic acid, and its use as a water treatment agent for reducing boiler scale and hard water deposits in water-conveying systems.

Abstract: Photopolymerizable recording materials suitable for producing photoresist layers and lithographic printing plates are composed of one or more photopolymerizable olefinically unsaturated organic compounds, optionally a polymeric binder, one or more photopolymerization initiators, a color-forming system which on irradiation with actinic light causes an increase in the color intensity of the recording material, a sensitizer and optionally further additive and/or auxiliary substances, and contain as the color-forming system(a) one or more colorless or virtually colorless organic compounds which are oxidizable to colored compounds, and(b) a photooxidant for the colorless or virtually colorless organic compound(s) (a),wherein photooxidant (b) comprises an organic salt with a substituted or unsubstituted hetaromatic system, this hetaromatic system having one or more built-in groups of the general formula (I) ##STR1## where R is substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, alkynyl, hetaryl, alkoxycarbonyl, carbamoyl, alkyls

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and A have the meanings stated in the specification, as well as the use thereof for controlling diseases, are described.

Abstract: Semifinished material consisting of symmetrically-needled glass-fiber mat impregnated with a thermoplastic polymer. The glass mat can be made by, for instance, needling continuous filament web from above and below at the same time with a double needling machine.

Abstract: A flexible foam composite of high flame resistance consists of one or more layers of a flexible melamine resin foam from 4 to 25 g/l in density and one or more layers of a flexible polyimide foam from 8 to 40 g/l in density.

Abstract: Novel radical ion salts of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently of one another are each hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, phenyl, methoxy, ethoxy, fluorine, chlorine or bromine, or R.sup.1 or R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 may furthermore be tert-butyl and/or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 and/or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 together may in each case form a radical of the formula ##STR2## where z is 0, 1, 2 or 3, and the fused aromatic rings are unsubstituted or monosubstituted or disubstituted by chlorine, bromine, methyl and/or methoxy, M.sup.m.sym. is an m-valent alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, transition metal, tin, lead, thallium, ammonium, phosphonium, arsonium or stibonium ion, k is from 1 to 5, l is from 0.1 to 4, m is from 1 to 3, n is from 0.1 to 4, x is from 0 to 2 and y is from 0 to 6, and k, l, n, x and y may furthermore be non-integral numbers and (l+x)=n.m, are electrically conductive in the crystalline state. A number of the salts are stable at 300.degree. C. and above.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2-hydroxy-4-(2'-hydroxyethoxy)benzophenones, by reacting 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenones with ethylene carbonate in the presence of a quaternary ammonium salt catalyst at elevated temperatures, and isolating the finished product from the crude reaction mixture.

Abstract: A radiation-sensitive mixture consists of a polymeric binder which is insoluble in water but soluble in aqueous alkaline solutions, and of an organic compound whose solubility in an aqueous alkaline developer is increased by the action of an acid and which contains both one or more acid-cleavable groups and a group which forms a strong acid under the action of radiation.The radiation-sensitive mixture is suitable for use in photosensitive coating materials for the production of relief patterns and relief images.

Abstract: An electrophotographic recording element comprising(A) an electrically conducting base and(B) at least one photoconductive layer consisting essentially of(b.sub.1) at least one binder,(b.sub.2) at least one sensitizer which on exposure of layer (B) generates charge carriers and which is selected from the group of the isoindolenine dyes of the general structure I ##STR1## where the index and the variables have specified meanings, (b.sub.3) at least one photoconductor which transports the generated charge carriers and optionally(b.sub.4) additives,in useful for reprographic purposes, for producing printing plates, in particular offset plates, and for producing photoresists.

Abstract: For the seamless and firm joining of the end and/or lateral areas of thermoplastically processible photosensitive layers, the end and/or lateral areas of one or more solvent-free and unsupported thermoplastically processible photosensitive layers are overlapped avoiding bubbles and with displacement of the air between the end and/or lateral areas, the total layer material is then heated under pressure and with joining of the overlapping end and/or lateral areas, and the resulting continuously joined photosensitive layer is then aftertreated and smoothed with shaping to exact size.

Abstract: Acid is removed from cathodic electrocoating baths by a process in which electroconductive substrates are coated with cationic resins present in the form of aqueous dispersions, at least a portion of the coating bath being subjected to an ultrafiltration where the ultrafiltration membrane retains the cationic resin to form an ultrafiltrate which contains water, solvent, low molecular weight substances and ions and at least a portion of the ultrafiltrate is recycled into the coating bath, and at least a portion of the ultrafiltrate is subjected to a special electrodialysis treatment before being returned into the electrocoating bath.

Abstract: Soils are fertilized by a method in which ammonium syngenite (NH.sub.4).sub.2 SO.sub.4.CaSO.sub.4.H.sub.2 O or a mixture of finely divided ammonium sulfate, calcium sulfate, calcium nitrate, calcium chloride and/or dicalcium phosphate is applied to these soils, as a slow-acting nitrogen fertilizer, with the proviso that the molar ratio of Ca to SO.sub.4.sup.-- in the mixture is 1:2.+-.10%.

Abstract: One-component polyurethane systems contain reaction products prepared in situ from(A) monoamines and/or polyamines and/or polymeric substances having one or more amino groups and(B) mono- and/or polyisocyanates and/or polymeric substances having one or more isocyanate groupsas viscosity-regulating substances.

Abstract: Caprolactam is recovered from caprolactam distillation low boilers or high boilers or mixtures thereof by the following steps:(a) crystallizing a low or high boiler or a mixture thereof to form purified capro-lactam crystals and a mother liquor,(b) separating off the purified caprolactam crystals to leave a mother liquor,(c) recycling from 5 to 90% by weight of the mother liquor of stage (b) into stage (a) and transferring the remainder of the mother liquor into the subsequent stage (d),(d) crystallizing the remaining mother liquor portion from stage (c) to form caprolactam crystals and a mother liquor, separating off the caprolactam crystals of stage(e) (d) and recycling the same into stage (a) to leave a mother liquor,(f) recycling from 20 to 99% by weight of mother liquor of stage (e) into stage (d) and channeling out the remainder of the impurity-containing mother liquor of stage (e).

Abstract: Sulfonamides of the general formula I ##STR1## where A, n, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, W, X, Y and Z have the meanings given in the disclosure and claims, salts and N-oxides thereof, and their use as herbicidal agents.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of bisalkoxy(iso)violanthrenediones involves alkylating the corresponding bishydroxyl compounds in an organic reaction medium with methyl benzoate as the reaction medium.The ester can easily be regenerated and is stable under the reaction conditions.

Abstract: N-Benzoyl-N'-(2,3-dichloro-4-phenoxy)-phenylureas of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is halogen, R.sup.2 is hydrogen or halogen, R.sup.3 is halogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkoxy, and R.sup.4 is hydrogen or halogen, pesticides containing compounds I as active ingredients, and methods of combating pests.

Abstract: Extrudable pharmaceutical mixtures are tableted by a continuous method in which the mixture is extruded and the still deformable extrudate is pressed between two rollers which are driven in opposite directions and possess depressions opposite one another in the roller shell, the form of these depressions determining the tablet shape.

Abstract: Thermoplastic polyester molding materials having low-temperature impact strength essentially consist of(A) from 20 to 79 parts by weight of one or more aliphatic polyesters of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid having a relative viscosity of from 1.2 to 1.8,(B) from 20 to 79 parts by weight of one or more aromatic polycarbonates having a relative viscosity of from 1.2 to 1.5,(C) from 1 to 40 parts by weight of an elastomer blend consisting of1. from 5 to 95% by weight of an ethylene copolymer composed of(a) from 40 to 99% by weight of ethylene and(b) from 1 to 60% by weight of one or more comonomers containing carboxyl groups and/or derivatives of carboxyl groups, and2. from 5 to 95% by weight of an elastomeric graft polymer which is prepared by emulsion polymerization and composed of(a) from 70 to 95% by weight of a substantially crosslinked grafting base having a glass transition temperature T.sub.g below -20.degree. C.

Abstract: A thermoplastic molding material containing, based on components A, B and C,A from 10 to 90% by weight of one or more polycarbonates,B from 10 to 50% by weight of one or more graft copolymers,C from 10 to 50% by weight of one or more thermoplastic copolymers containing a vinylaromatic monomer of 8 to 12 carbon atoms and acrylonitrile,wherein component B is composed ofB.sub.1 a first, coarsely divided graft copolymer which has an average particle size of from 200 to 700 nm (d.sub.50 value of cumulative molecular weight distribution) in a proportion of from 30 to 70% by weight, based on B, andB.sub.2 a second, finely divided graft copolymer which has an average particle size of from 50 to 180 nm (d.sub.50 value of cumulative molecular weight distribution) in a proportion of from 70 to 30% by weight, based on B,is used for producing moldings.