Abstract: Bifunctional initiators for anionic polymerization are prepared by reacting an alkenylaromatic compound of the general formula I ##STR1## where Ar is aromatic hydrocarbyl which may be substituted by alkyl or another group inert toward organoalkali metal compounds and may contain nitrogen,R.sup.1 is linear or branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl or aralkyl or from 1 to 22 carbon atoms where at least the carbon adjacent to the double bond is saturated and aliphatic,R.sup.2 is hydrogen or is likewise linear or branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl or aralkyl or from 1 to 22 carbon atoms where at least the carbon adjacent to the double bond is saturated and aliphatic, and where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may be part of a common cycloaliphatic ring, in the presence of one or more ethers and of tertiary amines and in the presence or absence of a further inert aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic solvent, at from -20.degree. to +70.degree. C.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions which are obtained in the carbalkoxylation of olefinically unsaturated compounds and contain heterocyclic aromatic nitrogen bases, their transformation products and lower fatty acids and/or their salts are treated by a process in which (a) the aqueous solution is heated to 150.degree.-300.degree. C. under from 10 to 300 bar and (b) heterocyclic aromatic nitrogen bases which are formed again from the transformation products are then separated off.

Abstract: The use of TNF for the prophylaxis and therapy of radiaton damage is described.

Abstract: Wholly aromatic thermotropic polyesters are based on(A) 30 to 60 mol % of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid,(B) 20 to 35 mol % of terephthalic acid and(C) 20 to 35 mol % of a mixture of(C.sub.1) trimethylhydroquinone and(C.sub.2) resorcinolthe molar ratio of C.sub.1 :C.sub.2 being within the range from 0.4:1 to 0.7:1 and the molar ratio of B:C within the range from 0.9:1 to 1.1:1.

Abstract: Isoindoline metal complexes of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently of each other H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, X.sup..crclbar. is one equivalent of a colorless anion and Me is Zn.sup.2+, Ni.sup.2+, Co.sup.2+ or Cu.sup.2+, are suitable for pigmenting surface coatings, plastics and printing inks.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of polyurethanes consisting of(a) organic polyisocyanates,(b) polyesterpolyols having a molecular weight of from 500 to 5,000,(c) organic hydroxy compounds having a molecular weight of from 62 to 400 and two terminal groups which are reactive to isocyanate groups, as chain extenders, and(d) compounds containing ionic groups or groups which can be converted to ionic groups and one or more isocyanate groups or a hydroxyl or amino group which is reactive to isocyanate groups,which contain from 0.05 to 2 meq of ionic groups incorporated into the polyurethane via (d) per g of polyurethane are particularly suitable for adhesives when the chain extenders (c) are incorporated in an amount of from 1.5 to 8 moles per mole of polyols, and a minor amount of (a) can be replaced with monoisocyanates, and a minor amount of (b) with polyetherpolyols.

Abstract: In amorphous silicon nitride powder, from 0.5 to 40 mol % of the silicon are replaced by one or more of the elements boron, aluminum, yttrium, lanthanum, titanium, zirconium, tungsten and molybdenum.The powder is obtained by reacting the halides of the corresponding elements, which are dissolved in an inert organic solvent in the particular ratio desired, with ammonia. The solid reaction product formed is separated off from the liquid phase and treated at from 800.degree. to 100.degree. C.The powder is particularly suitable as a starting material for the production of sintered articles.

Abstract: Alpha-phase phthalocyanine pigment crystals are produced as substantially 100 percent isometric crystals by first activating a phthalocyanine pigment crude, followed by combining the activated crude with water and a surfactant, whereby a mixture is formed. The mixture is then milled so that a pigment slurry is formed.

Abstract: Carboxamides of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -alkenyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -alkynyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 -cycloalkyenyl or C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 -cycloalkenylalkyl, and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -haloalkyl. C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -haloalkoxy or methylthio, and their use for combating pests.

Abstract: Polymers are obtained by polymerization of water-soluble monomers which contain one or more polymerizable olefinic double bonds and a quaternary nitrogen atom which is substituted by one or more hydroxyalkyl groups and are present in the form of halide-free salts, with or without further comonomers.

Abstract: Silicon nitride powder is prepared in a gas-phase reaction by reacting silicon tetrachloride with ammonia at above 500.degree. C. in a fluidized bed of silicon nitride particles. An amorphous silicon nitride having a BET specific surface area of greater than 50 m.sup.2 /g is used at the beginning of the reaction. The resulting silicon nitride is then separated from the ammonium chloride simultaneously formed.

Abstract: A novel fixed-bed catalyst structure obtained using honeycomb elements, for highly exothermic and endothermic chemical reactions, wherein the required heat exchange, both in the liquid phase and in the gas phase, is forcibly effected in the fixed catalyst bed by means of static mixing elements made of inert ceramic and/or metallic material or completely of catalyst material, between the individual honeycomb elements.

Abstract: 1,3-Butadiene is isolated from a C.sub.4 -hydrocarbon mixture containing 1,3-butadiene and small amount of propyne and C.sub.5 -hydrocarbons by extractive distillation with a selective solvent and subsequent distillative purification of the crude 1,3-butadiene obtained in the extractive distillation.

Abstract: Fuel motor compositions and lubricant compositions contain small amounts of one or more polybutyl or polyisobutyl alcohols of the formula (I)R--CH.sub.2 --OH (I)where R is a polybutyl or polyisobutyl radical derived from isobutene and up to 20% by weight of n-butene, or a corresponding (poly)alkoxylate or a corresponding carboxylate of the polybutyl or polyisobutyl alcohol.These additives reduce deposition at the valves of piston engines.

Abstract: An oil-soluble viscosity-reducing additive made by combining an amine and a polybasic organic acid permits the incorporation of large proportions of pigment into pigment dispersions. The increased proportion of pigment provides advantages in the manfacture of inks.

Abstract: A medium for irreversible information storage by locally changing the electrical conductivity of a carrier whose discrete areas of electrical conductivity have been produced by means of polymeric systems which contain conjugated double bonds and are formed by a field-chemical reaction, and a method for carrying out this information storage.

Abstract: Improved phenolic-modified rosin ester resins are disclosed. The phenolic-modified rosin ester resins comprise the reaction product of substantially unsaturated rosins with a dienophile, a phenolic compound and a formaldehyde-containing compound, which product is then esterified. The resulting composition is useful in vehicles for publication gravure printing inks, as well as in the printing inks themselves. Printing inks fabricated in accordance with the invention employing these improved phenolic-modified rosin ester resins provide prints of superior quality.

Abstract: A series of oligomeric adducts of diols and diepoxides are disclosed which are precursors of amine resins for use in electrodeposition coatings. The adducts are epoxide-alcohol addition products of a polyaromatic and/or a mono-aromatic diol and a polyaromatic bis-glycidyl ether, and/or a monoaromatic bis-glycidyl ether and/or an alkoxy arylene bis-glycidyl ether, thioether or amine. The coatings which include amine resin, cross linking agent, grind resin and pigment exhibit excellent corrosion resistance.

Abstract: (Z)-2-(2-arylethenyl)arylcarboxylic acids of the general formula I ##STR1## where A is a group for completing an aromatic ring system and Ar is an aromatic radical, are prepared by reacting a 2-formylarylcarboxylic acid of the general formula II ##STR2## with an (arylmethyl)phosphonium salt of the general formula III ##STR3## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each organic radicals and X is halogen, in the presence of a base at from (-20.degree.) to +30.degree. C. by carrying out the reaction in the presence of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkanol and/or a C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkanediol.

Abstract: Polymers of propene are prepared using a Ziegler-Natta catalyst system consisting of (1) a titanium component which is based on a finely divided, shape-imparting silica gel and contains titanium, magnesium, chlorine and a benzenecarboxylic acid derivative, (2) an aluminum component and (3) a silane component. In the process, a titanium component (1) is employed which is obtained by (1.1) first preparing (I) a carrier from (Ia) a silica gel which has a relatively high moisture content, (Ib) an organomagnesium compound and (Ic) a gaseous chlorinating agent by a method in which (1.1.1) first (Ia) is reacted with (Ib), (1.1.2) then (Ic) is passed into the mixture obtained in (1.1.1), and (I) is isolated, (1.2) thereafter a solid-phase intermediate is prepared from (I), (II) an alkanol, (III) titanium tetrachloride and (IV) a phthalic acid derivative by a procedure in which (1.2.1) first (I) is reacted with (II), (1.2.2) then (III) is introduced into the mixture resulting from (1.2.