Abstract: A water-dilutable coating agent for preparing the base layer of a multilayer coating. The coating agent contains pigments and optionally flow-control agents, thixotroping agents, fillers, organic solvents and other customary auxiliaries.

Abstract: 2-(Hydroxyphenoxy)-carboxylates are prepared by a process wherein a dihydroxybenzene (A) is reacted with a 2-halo-fatty acid ester (B) of an alcohol, phenol or oxime of no more than 10 carbon atoms, in a molar ratio of A:B.gtoreq.1.5, in the presence of calcium hydroxide in dimethylsulfoxide, at from 0.degree. to 100.degree. C.

Abstract: Oxidation catalysts which in addition to oxygen ions, with or without NH.sub.4.sup.+ ions, contain molybdenum, tungsten, phosphorus and antimony as basic components, in the atomic ratio Mo:W:P:Sb=12:0.1-3:0.1-4:0.1-3, and which are prepared in a conventional manner by combining molybdenum, phosphorus, antimony and tungsten compounds in aqueous solutions or suspensions, removing the water and calcining the residues, the combination being carried out at chloride ion concentrations of less than 0.3 mole per mole of molybdenum and in the presence of ions of monocarboxylic acids of 1 or 2 carbon atoms, dicarboxylic acids or hydroxycarboxylic acids, are particularly suitable for the gas phase oxidation of methacrolein to methacrylic acid.

Abstract: This invention relates to dyeing textile materials of polyacrylonitrile or copolymers containing acrylonitrile in polymerized form with basic dyestuffs in aqueous dyeing liquors using the exhaust method employing retarders. The retarders are obtained by condensing (a) piperazine and piperazine derivatives with (b) ethylene chloride, epihalohydrin, propylene chloride, 1,3-dichloro-2-hydroxypropane, bis-epoxybutane, 1,4-dichlorobutene or their mixtures in mole ratios of 1:0.9 to 1:1.1. The condensation products are then quaternized with benzyl chloride using 0.8 to 1.5 moles of benzyl chloride per mole of component (a) for the quaternization. The aqueous solutions of the retarders either do not foam or show a very low foaming tendency.

Abstract: The invention relates to polyols prepared by reacting ethylene oxide with an initiator followed by additional alkylene oxide. The ethylene oxide blocks at the initiator ranges from 1 to 30 weight percent based on the weight of the polyol. Polyurethane foams prepared from these polyols exhibit good air flow and improved load bearing properties.

Abstract: Trans-3-(4'-tert.-Butylcyclohex-1'-yl)-2-methyl-1-dialkylaminopropanes of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each alkyl and the sum of the carbon atoms in R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is 5, 6, or 7, and their salts with physiologically tolerated acids, and their preparation, are described. The novel compounds are useful as active compounds for drugs.

Abstract: Moldings, for example hollow articles, are produced by sintering a thermoplastic powder or granular material and then reshaping the resulting blank by thermoforming. Sintering is carried out in a mold cavity under pressure, by exposure to high-frequency vibrations, which heats the plastic to a temperature intermediate between its softening point and its melting point. In this way, grain boundary adhesion between the individual plastic particles constituting the blank results, and the directly subsequent thermoforming can be carried out without additional supply of heat.

Abstract: Gelation resistant alcohol compositions containing water-soluble silicates are obtained by the use of effective silicate gelation stabilizing amounts of at least one of a polymer of acrylic acid, alkaline earth metal and alkaline earth metal salts thereof; a sugar alcohol; and a water-soluble salt of molybdic, tungstic, or selenic acids.

Abstract: An oxidation catalyst wherein the catalytically active component has the general formulaMo.sub.12 P.sub.a Rh.sub.b Cu.sub.c V.sub.d Cs.sub.e X.sub.f Y.sub.g Z.sub.h O.sub.x,where X is Cr and/or Fe, Y is Nb, Z is Na, Li, K and/or Rb, a is 0.1-4, b is 0.001-1, c is 0.05-2, d is 0.05-4, e is 0.1-5, f is 0-2, g is 0-3 and h is 0-2, and x is the number of oxygen atoms required to saturate the valencies of the other constituents, is very suitable for the preparation of methacrylic acid by gas phase oxidation of methacrolein with an oxygen-containing and steam-containing gas mixture.

Abstract: A polyether-ester polyol containing a high primary hydroxyl content is prepared employing low amounts of ethylene oxide. The polyurethane foams prepared from these products display improved physical properties with good air flow.

Abstract: Thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazolones of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 have the meanings given in the description, are used for influencing plant growth and for controlling undesirable plant growth.

Abstract: A process for concentrating light over a particular area by means of fluorescent compounds in plastic plates or films, wherein the fluorescent compounds used are those of the formula ##STR1## where Z is .dbd.N-- or .dbd.CH--, Y is --OSO.sub.2 R.sup.1, ##STR2## --OCOR.sup.1 or --OR.sup.3, or 2 Y together are ##STR3## where R is alkyl, X is fluorine, chlorine, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.20 -alkenyl, aralkyl, --COR.sup.1, --SO.sub.2 R.sup.1, --OPO(OR.sup.2).sub.2, --NH--COR.sup.1 or --NH--SO.sub.2 --R.sup.1, m is 2, 3 or 4, n is 0, 1 or 2, R.sup.1 is unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, alkenyl or an aromatic or heteroaromatic radical and, when Y is --OCOR.sup.1, may furthermore be alkoxy or cycloalkoxy, R.sup.2 is alkyl or cycloalkyl and R.sup.3 is alkyl, alkenyl, C.sub.2 - or C.sub.3 -alkylenecarboalkoxy, alkyl-substituted benzyl or cyclohexyl or a monocyclic, bicyclic or polycyclic saturated hydrocarbon radical.Some of the compounds I and II are new.

Abstract: C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -olefins are prepared by catalytic conversion of methanol and/or dimethyl ether in the presence of a zeolite catalyst at elevated temperatures by a process wherein the catalyst used is a borosilicate zeolite which is treated with hydrogen fluoride, molded together with an amorphous aluminosilicate as a binder and then treated with hydrochloric acid.

Abstract: Navy dye mixtures essentially contain dyes of the formula I ##STR1## where X is hydrogen, chlorine or bromine, the radicals R.sup.1 independently of one another are each methyl or ethyl and R is a radical of the formula ##STR2## where A is ##STR3## B is unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, phenyl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, phenoxy-C.sub.2 - or -C.sub.3 -alkyl or cyclohexyl and R.sup.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, the mixtures containing from 20 to 80 parts of dyes in which R is NH-A-COOB and from 80 to 20 parts of dyes in which R is ##STR4## The novel mixtures are very useful for dyeing synthetic polyesters, and give dyeings which have, in particular, very good heatfastness.

Abstract: Encapsulated vitamin powders coated with a hydrophobic silica have improved free-flowing properties making these powders more suitable for direct tableting preparation.

Abstract: A mixing head for multicomponent plastics, especially polyurethane, in whose mixing chamber (2) a hollow piston (7) can be moved to and fro to control the component streams. The hollow piston contains an expulsion piston (8), which is movable independently of the hollow piston, and which can be passed through an outlet tube (3) which adjoins the outlet orifice (4). The end face (12) of the hollow piston forms, together with the mixing chamber wall (11) nearest the sprue, a shearing gap in which the components are mixed. As a result of the design and arrangement of the pistons (7) and (8), good mixing is achievable even under critical conditions, and the mixing chamber is also easily cleaned.

Abstract: A process for the repeatable production of shaped particles of various geometries from polymer dispersions, melts or solutions, wherein first particles are expelled by means of a rotating disk and are introduced while still liquid, in a radially outward direction, into a liquid precipitant or fixant film and the particles are thereby coagulated or fixed and also given an additional structure and are transported away from the point of introduction.

Abstract: A roller press comprising a drivable pair of rollers with a defined nip between these, one or more stuffing screws, associated with the nip, for feeding the material to be granulated to the nip, and a plate, movable in the direction of the screw axis, on which plate the screw and drive are fixed and a pin which can be brought up against a stationary load cell is held.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## where D is the radical of a diazo component,R is hydrogen, hydroxy or unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, phenyl or heterocyclic ring,R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another are hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl, orR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together with the nitrogen are a saturated heterocyclic 5-membered to 7-membered ring,X is hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, allyloxy, .beta.-cyanoethoxy, benzyloxy, phenoxy, .beta.-alkoxycarbonylethoxy, where alkoxy is of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkylmercapto of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, phenylmercapto or alkanoylamino of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, andY is chlorine, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, allyloxy, alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or .beta.-cyanoethoxy, orX and Y together are a fused benzene ring which is unsubstituted or substituted by alkyl alkoxy chlorine or bromine.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion based on an acid-protonized reaction product from(a) Mannich bases free from epoxide groups, from(a.sub.1) condensed phenols free from ether groups with at least two aromatic rings and with at least two phenolic hydroxyl groups and/or(a.sub.2) condensed phenols, containing ether groups, with at least two aromatic rings and at least one phenolic hydroxyl group(a.sub.3) secondary amines with at least one hydroxyalkyl group, possible in a mixture with(a.sub.4) secondary dialkylamines or dialkoxyalkylamines without free hydroxyl groups,(a.sub.5) formaldehyde or compounds splitting off formaldehyde, with(b) epoxide resins, aliphatic hydroxyl groups from (a) and/or (b) being converted at least in part into urethane groups possibly by reaction with partly blocked isocyanates,containing furthermore fine-particulates non-ionic plastics in dispersed form. The dispersion and/or the fine-particulate plastics furthermore may contain pigments and/or fillers.