Abstract: Butadiene dinitriles are prepared by reacting a quaternary ammonium compound with malodinitrile in the presence of an alkanol and then reacting the product with an alkali metal compound.The butadiene dinitriles obtainable by the process of the invention are valuable starting materials for the preparation of dyes, pesticides, drugs and vitamins.

Abstract: S-Configurated phenylpropane derivatives of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkyl, aryl or alkoxy, R.sup.2 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or alkoxy, and R.sup.3 is carboxyl or esterified carboxyl, acetalized formyl, hydroxymethyl or esterified hydroxymethyl, their preparation by microbiological hydrogenation, and their use for the preparation of fungicidal compounds.

Abstract: Pigment pastes, comprising an organic solvent, a copolymer of one or more water-immiscible, or only partially water-miscible, copolymerizable .alpha.,.beta.-olefinically unsaturated compounds and one or more water-soluble copolymerizable N-vinyl compounds, and a finely divided pigment and/or filler dispersed in the mixture of solvent and copolymer, are used for pigmenting organic and/or aqueous solutions or dispersions of surface-coating binders, for toning pigmented gloss finishes, and for pigmenting and toning anodic or cathodic electrocoating finishes.

Abstract: Acetals of malonaldehyde are prepared by reacting an orthoester with a vinyl ether in the presence of a catalytic amount of FeCl.sub.3. The malonaldehyde acetals obtainable by the process according to the invention are valuable intermediates in the preparation of dyes, crop protection agents and drugs.

Abstract: Polyisocyanurate-polyurethane foams are prepared by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with oxyethylated aromatic amines and diols having equivalent weights from 31 to 100 and at an isocyanate index of 150 to 500 in the presence of a trimerization catalyst and a blowing agent.

Abstract: Thermoplastic molding materials based on impact resistant styrene polymers and polyphenylene ethers containing a hydrocarbon wax having a melt viscosity of less than 500 centistokes at 120.degree. C.

Abstract: 2-Alkyl-4,4-diacyloxybut-2-enals of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkyl and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each hydrogen or an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic radical, are prepared by a process in which a 2-alkyl-1,4-diacyloxybuta-1,3-diene of the formula ##STR2## is reacted with oxygen or an oxygen donor, in the presence of a carboxylic acid of the formulaR.sup.3 -COOH III.

Abstract: N-Disubstituted aniline derivatives of the formula ##STR1## where R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkoxyalkyl or halogen, R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or halogen, R.sup.2 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or halogen, R.sup.3 is CH[OR.sup.5 ].sub.2, COOR.sup.5 or COSR.sup.5, R.sup.5 being C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, and R.sup.4 is unsubstituted or methyl-, nitro- or halogen-substituted 1,2,3-thiadiazol-4-yl or 1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl, and the manufacture thereof.The novel compounds have microbicidal properties.

Abstract: An oxidation catalyst wherein the catalytically active component has the general formulaMo.sub.12 P.sub.a Rh.sub.b Cu.sub.c V.sub.d Cs.sub.e X.sub.f Y.sub.g Z.sub.h O.sub.x,where X is Cr and/or Fe, Y is Nb, Z is Na, Li, K and/or Rb, a is 0.1-4, b is 0.001-1, c is 0.05-2, d is 0.05-4, e is 0.1-5, f is 0-2, g is 0-3 and h is 0-2, and x is the number of oxygen atoms required to saturate the valencies of the other constituents, is very suitable for the preparation of methacrylic acid by gas phase oxidation of methacrolein with an oxygen-containing and steam-containing gas mixture.

Abstract: Tert.-butoxybutanals and tert.-butoxybutanols (I) and bis-tert.-butoxypentanals and bis-tert.-butoxypentanols (II) ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, one X is --CHO or --CH.sub.2 OH and the others are H.These compounds, which are valuable as fragrances and for use in organic syntheses are obtained by hydro-formylating the ethers (III) and bis-ethers (IV), respectively, using Rh catalysts.

Abstract: Plant-tolerated copper ammine salts of organic acids, their preparation and their use as crop protection agents.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a mixture of a polycarbonate and a styrene-containing polymer whereby the polycarbonate present in solution is initially brought into contact with a precipitating agent. The solvent and the precipitating agent are subsequently separated from the precipitated solid material to prepare a polycarbonate having residual moisture of more than 1 and less than 50 percent by weight relative to the polycarbonate, and where the resultant product with a residual moisture is mixed with the styrene-containing polymer at temperatures above the softening range of the components removing volatile components. The claimed mixtures are suitable for the manufacture of molded parts for cars, bottles and appliances.

Abstract: Novel 2-substituted thiazol-2-yl-oxamic acid esters, processes for their preparation, and therapeutic agents which contain these compounds and are useful in the treatment of allergic disorders.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of electrically conductive polymers which have conductivities greater than 10.sup.-2 S/cm and possess improved stability to oxygen, comprising treating an organic unsaturated polymer of the series of the polyphenylenes, heterophenylenes and polyacetylenes, in the absence of moisture and of oxygen, first with an organic nitroso compound and then with a conventional dopant, the latter being, in particular H.sub.2 SO.sub.4, AsF.sub.5, SbF.sub.5, UF.sub.6, SbCl.sub.5, AlCl.sub.3, BF.sub.3, CF.sub.3 SO.sub.3 H, VOCl.sub.3, HClO.sub.4, NO.sup.+ SbF.sub.6.sup.-, NO.sub.2.sup.+ SbF.sub.6.sup.-, NO.sup.+ AsF.sub.6, NO.sup.+ PF.sub.6.sup.-, I.sub.2, Br.sub.2, ICl, PF.sub.5, CrO.sub.2 Cl.sub.2, NO.sub.2.sup.+ PF.sub.6.sup.-, NO.sup.+ BF.sub.4.sup.-, NO.sup.+ ClO.sub.4.sup.-, (CF.sub.3).sub.2 SO.sub.4, NbF.sub.5, TaF.sub.5, WF.sub.6, FeCl.sub.3, CdCl.sub.

Abstract: Acetal-coupled non-ionic surfactants are easily degraded into relatively environmentally inoccuous fragments having little or no surface activity. The fragments are sufficiently low in molecular weight to be oxidized when exposed to water and atmospheric oxygen. The surface activity can also be destroyed by lowering the alkalinity of the medium in which the non-ionic surfactant is utilized to below pH 7. The non-ionic surfactants of the invention unexpectedly have very low viscosities as compared to surfactants containing a comparable molecular weight and oxyalkylene residue content.

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive and heat-sensitive recording material which comprises a carrier bearing a color-developing coating consisting of(a) a finely divided solid phenolic resin with spherical particles of size .ltoreq.5 .mu.m,(b) a copolymer as the dispersant, obtained from (.alpha.) a compound of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is C.sub.8 -C.sub.20 -alkyl, phenyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkylphenyl, R.sup.2 is hydrogen or methyl, n is from 2 to 100 and m is from 0 to 50, and (.beta.) an ethylenically unsaturated copolymerizable carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid or phosphonic acid, with or without (.gamma.) an additional ethylenically unsaturated copolymerizable compound different from (.alpha.) and (.beta.), and(c) one or more aliphatic alcohols which are solid at room temperature, with or without(d) other auxiliaries.The coating, used in conjunction with micro-encapsulated color formers, gives sharp and intense copies.

Abstract: .alpha.-Alkylacroleins are prepared by reacting an alkanal with formaldehyde and a secondary amine in the presence of a carboxylic, dicarboxylic or polycarboxylic acid in certain molar ratios within a pH range of from 2.5 to 7 and at from 0.degree. to 150.degree. C.The .alpha.-alkylacroleins which can be prepared by the process described are valuable starting materials for dyes, drugs and pest control agents.

Abstract: Water-emulsifiable hard waxes consisting of homogeneous terpolymers of ethylene with--based on weight of terpolymer--from 1 to 8% by weight of C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 -olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids and from 0.5 to 10% by weight of C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl esters of such unsaturated carboxylic acids and having a Staudinger index, determined according to DIN 53,728, of from 5 to 55, an acid number of from 8 to 62 and a Hoppler hardness, measured by DFG standard method M-III-9a(57), at 23.degree. C., of from 250 to 800 bar, are obtained by copolymerizing ethylene with olefinically unsaturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 -carboxylic acids and esters of such acids with C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkanols in a continuous process in the presence of a free radical initiator at from 150.degree. to 300.degree. C. under a pressure of from 1,000 to 3,000 bar, using a weight ratio of ethylene:acid:acrylate of from 500:1:1 to 20:1:1, in a one-phase polymerization medium in which the monomers are soluble, in the presence of from 0.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of microcapsules based on a melamine-formaldehyde resin, in which the microcapsules are obtained by condensing a melamine-formaldehyde precondensate, its C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl ethers, or mixtures thereof, in water in which the material forming the capsule core is dispersed, at a pH of from 3 to 6.5 and at from 20.degree. to 100.degree. C., the improvement that the water contains a homopolymer or copolymer which possesses sulfonic acid groups but is devoid of phenyl or sulfophenyl groups and has a K value of from 100 to 170 or a viscosity of from 200 to 5,000 mPa.s (shearing gradient 489 s.sup.-1 ; 20% strength solution at 25.degree. C.), and that the melamine-formaldehyde precondensate is added continuously, or in portions, in step with the rate of condensation.The process gives individual capsules which are highly impermeable. The capsules are exceptionally useful for the production of pressure-sensitive recording materials.

Abstract: Aralkylaniline derivatives of the general formula ##STR1## where R is alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, cyanoalkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkylthio, alkenylthio or alkynylthio or unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl, Y is hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, alkoxy or haloalkyl, A is unsubstituted or substituted alkylene, Z is hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, aryl, aryloxy, halogen, a C.sub.4 H.sub.4 -chain which is fused to the benzene radical to form an unsubstituted or substituted naphthyl radical, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkylthio, thiocyanato, cyano, ##STR2## R' and R" each, independently of one another, being hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, cycloalkyl or unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, and n is an integer from 1 to 4, and herbicides containing these compounds.