Abstract: The present invention is an adhesion promoter, a coating composition containing the adhesion promoter and a method for preparing the adhesion promoter and coating. The adhesion promoter of the present invention is an olefin based polymer prepared by reacting a hydroxy functional olefin polymer with a compound reactive with hydroxy functionality to provide functionality on the olefin polymer that is inert to reaction with a principal resin or crosslinking resin in a coating composition.

Abstract: Processes for the preparation of R-lipoic acid or S-lipoic acid comprising a process step selected from a) distillation of dihydrolipoic acid, b) reaction of ?or its stereoisomer, where Ms is SO2—R? and R and R? independently of one another is [sic] C1-C6-alkyl, C3-C8-cycloalkyl, C3-C8-cycloalkylalkyl, aryl or aralkyl, with sodium sulfide and sulfur in ethanol and reaction with a complex hydride, (c) the extraction of a protic solution of R-dihydrolipoic acid or S-dihydrolipoic acid with organic solvents at a pH from 9 to 10, or (d) the extraction of R-dihydrolipoic acid or S-dihydrolipoic acid with organic solvents from a protic solution at a pH of 4 to 5, or a combination of one or more of steps (a) to (d), and processes for the preparation of dihydrolipoic acid and the compound 1,6,8 [lacuna] octanetriol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing trioxime derivatives of the formula I in which the substituents R1 and R2 are identical or different and each is cyano, alkyl, haloalkyl or cycloalkyl, and R3 and R4 are identical or different and each is alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkylcarbonyl or arylalkyl, by the following reaction steps in water without isolation of the intermediates: A) nitrosation of 1,3-diketones of the formula II ?to give monooximes of the formula III, B) oximation of III with hydroxylamine derivatives of the formula IV H2N—OR3???IV ?in which R3? is hydrogen or a group R3 to give bisoximes of the formula V, C) alkylation of V with alkylating agents or acylation of V with acylating agents to give compounds of the formula VI and D) subsequent oximation of VI with hydroxylamine to give compounds of the formula I.

Abstract: In a process for preparing alcohols by catalytic hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds over a catalyst comprising rhenium on activated carbon, the catalyst used comprises rhenium (calculated as metal) in a weight ratio to the activated carbon of from 0.0001 to 0.5, platinum (calculated as metal) in a weight ratio to the activated carbon of from 0.0001 to 0.5 and, if appropriate, at least one further metal selected from among Zn, Cu, Ag, Au, Ni, Fe, Ru, Mn, Cr, Mo, W and V in a weight ratio to the activated carbon of from 0 to 0.25, and the activated carbon has been nonoxidatively pretreated It is also possible to prepare ethers and lactones if the hydrogen pressure is not more than 25 bar. In this case, the activated carbon in the catalyst may also have been nonoxidatively pretreated.

Abstract: In a process for producing polyurethanes by reacting at least one polyisocyanate with at least one compound containing at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups, the compound having at least two active hydrogen atoms which is used is at least one polyether alcohol prepared by addition of alkylene oxides onto H-functional initiator substances by means of multimetal cyanide catalysis and the reaction is carried out in the presence of at least one metal salt.

Abstract: A process is provided for the regeneration of a heterogeneous catalyst used for the preparation of compounds containing NH2 groups by the hydrogenation, with hydrogen, of compounds containing at least one unsaturated carbon-nitrogen bond, wherein a) the feed of the compound to be hydrogenated is stopped and b) the heterogeneous catalyst is treated with a compound of the formula R1R2N—CO—R3??(I), in which R1 is hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl and R2, R3 independently of one another are each hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl or together are a C3-C6 alkylene group, or mixtures of such compounds, at a pressure ranging from 0.1 to 30 MPa and a temperature ranging from 100 to 300° C., with the proviso that the compound of formula (I) is in liquid form during the treatment.

Abstract: The invention describes a process for the preparation of surfactant alcohols and surfactant alcohol ethers which are, inter alia, highly suitable as surfactants or for the preparation of surfactants. The process, starting from olefin mixtures having a defined minimum content of linear hexenes, gives mixtures having a predominant fraction of branched dodecenes, which are subsequently derivatized to give surfactant alcohols and then optionally alkoxylated. The surfactant alcohol mixture obtained in the process has a degree of branching of from 2.0 to 3.0 and in particular exhibits advantageous properties as regards ecotoxicity and biodegradability. A description is also given of the use of the surfactant alcohols and surfactant alcohol ethers as surfactants by glycosidation or polyglycosidation, sulfation or phosphation.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing acid formates in which methyl formate is reacted with water and a basic compound having a pKa of the conjugate acid of the corresponding dissociation state of ?3 measured at 25° C. in aqueous solution, the methanol formed is separated off and, optionally, the desired acid content is set by adding formic acid.

Abstract: A process measures the pressure of a gas phase containing (meth)acrylic acid, the esters and/or nitrites thereof of a rectification and/or absorption column via open drillholes in the column wall and lines from the drillholes to the transducers by purging the lines with an oxygen-containing gas in the direction toward the open drillhole.

Abstract: Fungicidal mixtures comprise as active components a) an amide compound of the formula I A—CO—NR1R2??I in which A is an aryl group or an aromatic or non-aromatic, 5- or 6-membered heterocycle which has from 1 to 3 hetero atoms selected from O, N and S; ?where the aryl group or the heterocycle may or may not have 1, 2 or 3 substituents which are selected, independently of one another, from alkyl, halogen, CHF2, CF3, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfynyl and alkylsulfonyl; R1 is a hydrogen atom; R2 is a phenyl or cycloalkyl group which may or may not have 1, 2 or 3 substituents which are selected, independently of one another, from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkyloxy, cycloalkenyloxy, phenyl and halogen, where the aliphatic and cycloaliphatic radicals may be partially or fully halogenated and/or the cycloaliphatic radicals may be substituted by from 1 to 3 alkyl groups and where the phenyl group may have from 1 to 5 halogen atoms and/or

Abstract: Azoxy dyes of the general formula I in the form of the free acid where n is 0 or 1, each R1 is selected from the group consisting of methoxy, hydroxyl and carboxyl, each R2 is selected from the group consisting of carboxyl, amino, C1-C4-alkylamino, allylamino, benzylamino and methoxycarbonylmethylamino, and the phenyl rings A may additionally be substituted by C1-C8-alkyl, unsubstituted or methyl- or halogen-substituted phenyl, hydroxyl, amino, nitro, halogen, carboxyl, N-benzylcarbamoyl, unsubstituted or nitro-, halogen-, C1-C4-alkoxy- or acetoxy-substituted phenylcarbamoyl and naphthylcarbamoyl or be benzofused, their copper complexes, a process for preparing the copper complex dyes, azoxy dyes of the formula I in their partially or completely deacylated form, their copper complexes, colorants comprising these azoxy dyes and/or their copper complexes and also their use for dyeing and printing natural or synthetic substrates.

Abstract: A process for preparing a multicomponent system curable thermally and with actinic radiation (dual cure), where (A) at least one component comprising at least one constituent (A1) containing per molecule at least two isocyanate-reactive functional groups, and (B) one component containing one polyisocyanate (B1), are mixed with one another, which comprises mixing component (A) and/or component (B), shortly before their mixing, with one further liquid component (C) comprising (C1) one constituent which is curable with actinic radiation and contains per molecule at least two functional groups which contain bond which can be activated with actinic radiation, and/or (C2) one constituent which is curable thermally and with actinic radiation and contains per molecule at least one functional group which contains at least one bond which can be activated with actinic radiation, and containing per molecule at least one isocyanate-reactive functional group or containing at least one isocyanate group, and subsequently mi

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing ?-ketoenol esters of the general formula (Ia) or (Ib), wherein Ar, Ra and Rb are defined as in claim 1.

Abstract: A multicoat system comprising (I) at least one constituent (IA) comprising mesomorphic polyelectrolyte complexes prepared by reacting, in a liquid phase (IB), at least one polymeric and/or oligomeric, organic, anionic polyelectrolytes (IC) with at least one polymeric and/or oligomeric, organic, cationic polyelectrolytes (ID) and/or at least one cationic surfactant (IE) or at least one polymeric and/or oligomeric, organic, cationic polyelectrolytes (ID) with at least one anionic surfactant (IF) in a stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric ratio, pouring the resulting liquid phase (IG) onto a substrate or into a mold and allowing it to solidify, and heat-treating the resulting solid (IH); and (II) at least one coat (IIA), which is three-dimensionally crosslinked, prepared by applying at least one aqueous, thermally curable coating material (IIB) comprising at least one binder (IIC) and at least one crosslinking agent (IID), to the surface of the constituent (IA), and thermally curing the resulting wet film (IIE

Abstract: A description is given of a process for the oligomerization of ?-olefins having at least 3 carbon atoms, in which the olefin is brought into contact with a catalyst system obtainable from a chromium source, a 1,3,5-trialkyl-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane, where the alkyl radical has no ?, ? or ? branching, and at least one activator comprising a boron compound, with the molar ratio B:Cr being at least 5. The process allows the preparation of trimers of the ?-olefin in high yield and with high selectivity.

Abstract: Heat-curable thixotropic mixtures containing carbamate and/or allophanate groups, comprising (A) at least one oligomer and/or polymer selected from the group consisting of oligomers and polymers containing allophanate groups, carbamate groups, and carbamate and allophanate groups, and (B) at least one thixotropic agent selected from the group consisting of urea or urea derivatives preparable by reacting at least one amine and/or water with at least one polyisocyanate, with the proviso that the mixture in question, based on its solids, further comprises at least one silica as thixotropic agent (C), and contains the thixotropic agent (B) in an amount of from 0.1 to 5% by weight if the oligomers and polymers (A) contain no allophanate groups; processes for preparing the mixtures, and their use as coating materials, adhesives and sealing compounds.

Abstract: A process for coproducing alkyl-substituted or unsubstituted THF and pyrrolidones by catalytically hydrogenating C4-dicarboxylic acids and/or derivatives thereof in the gas phase in the presence of copper catalysts and reacting GBL with ammonia or primary amines to give pyrrolidones comprises a) hydrogenating C4-dicarboxylic acids and/or derivatives thereof in the gas phase at from 200 to 300° C., from 0.1 to 100 bar, catalyst hourly space velocities of from 0.

Abstract: A process for the continuous heterogeneously catalyzed partial dehydrogenation of a hydrocarbon in the gas phase and in the presence of molecular oxygen, in which part of the product gas is recirculated to the reaction zone, and a reactor for carrying out such a process.

Abstract: The invention relates to cosmetic or dermatological preparations that arc characterized by having a content of: a) at least one antioxidant that acts as an 0- or C-radical scavenger, and; b) at least one organic, boron-containing compound that reduces the peroxides or hydroperoxides to the corresponding alcohols without forming active radical subsequent stages.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pulverulent formulations comprising at least one conjugated trans/-cis-octadecapolyenoic acid and also production and use thereof for use in foods, food supplements, feedstuffs, feed additives, pharmaceutical and cosmetic preparations.