Abstract: The present invention provides an improved process for the preparation of 1,4-diaryl-2-fluoro-1,3-butadiene compounds of the structural formula I In addition, the present invention provides an improved process for the preparation of 1,4-diaryl-2-fluoro-2-butadiene compounds of the structural formula IV

Abstract: Aqueous formulations comprising as film-forming constituent at least one copolymer P, synthesized from ethylenically unsaturated monomers M, are used for coating shaped mineral articles, the copolymer P having a glass transition temperature in the range from −25 to +80° C. and the monomers M comprising more than 0.2% by weight and up to 5% by weight, based on their overall weight, of itaconic acid as monomer M1.

Abstract: A binder for a coating composition is formed using a principal resin polyol, in combination with a hyper-branched polyol as a reactive intermediate, and at least one crosslinker. The principal resin polyol is at least one of a polyester polyol, a polyether polyol, and a polyacrylate. Hyper-branched polyester polyols may be used as reactive diluents, which will cross-link with isocyanates, isocyanurates, epoxides, anhydrides or their corresponding polyacids and/or aminoplasts to form a binder having particular properties, to help control the rheology of a coating system. The hyperbranched polyol, the principal resin polyol, or both may, optionally, include a carbamate functional group in the structure thereof. Coating compositions may be made using the binders together with additional components.

Abstract: An ester of an &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated carboxylic acid is prepared by reacting the carboxylic acid with a C6-C12-alkanol, cyclopentanol or cyclohexanol in the presence of an acidic esterification catalyst and of an entraining agent for removing the water of reaction formed in the esterification, by a process in which the entraining agent used is the olefin on which the alkanol is based.

Abstract: The present invention provides cereal selective herbicidal compositions comprising a herbicidally acceptable carrier and/or surfactant and, as active ingredient, herbicidally effective amount of at least one 6-phenoxypyrid-2-ylcarboxamide of formula I and at least one additional herbicidal compound selected from the group consisting of flufenacet, cinidon-ethyl and carfentrazone-ethyl. Also provided is a method for the control of undesirable plants such as Setaria viridis, Alopecurus myosuroides, Poa annua, Stellaria media, Lamium purpureum, Galium aparine, Veronica hederaefolia, Papaver rhoeas and Matricaria inodora which comprises applying to the plants or their locus a herbicidally effective amount of said compositions. The compositions have been found to possess synergistic properties.

Abstract: A multistage process for preparing propene, in which the first stage is the reaction of 1-butene, 2-butene and isobutene to give propene, 2-pentene and 2-methyl-2-butene in the presence of a metathesis catalyst comprising at least one compound of a metal of transition group VIb, VIIb or VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements; the second stage is separation of the propene and 2-pentene/2-methyl-2-butene formed; the third stage is reaction of the 2-pentene and 2-methyl-2-butene with ethehe to give propene, 1-butene and isobutene in the presence of a metathesis catalyst comprising at least one compound of a metal of transition group VIb, VIIb or VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements; the fourth stage is separation of the propene and 1-butene/isobutene formed and returning the 1-butene and isobutene formed to the first stage.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a water-based acrylic emulsion dispersant to be used as a grind resin to incorporate inorganic pigment into a pigment dispersion for a coating composition. The acrylic emulsion dispersant is the reaction product of butyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, styrene, methyl ether polyethylene glycol methacrylate, polyethylene glycol methacrylate, and polyphosphoric acid. The present invention is also directed to a method of preparing the acrylic emulsion dispersant. In this method, the butyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, and styrene are combined with water to establish a first reaction blend. Similarly, the methyl ether polyethylene glycol methacrylate and the polyethylene glycol methacrylate are combined with water to establish a second reaction blend. Next, the first and second reaction blends are polymerized to form an intermediate emulsion polymer containing a hydroxyl group from the functionality of the polyethylene glycol methacrylate.

Abstract: A dye mixture comprises: a) at least one pyrroline type dye of formula (I) wherein R1 is H, C1-20alkyl or C2-20alkenyl; and D is aryl; and b) at least one anthraquinone type dye of formula (II), wherein RB is (CH2)nORB1; RB1 is C1-6alkyl or C1-6alkoxy-C1-6alkyl; n is 1-6; and ZB is O or NH.

Abstract: A mixture Ia comprises a mix IIa composed of a) from 1 to 95% by weight of a solid III, preferably a basic solid III, with a primary particle size of from 5 nm to 20 &mgr;m and b) from 5 to 99% by weight of a polymeric composition IV, obtainable by polymerizing b1) from 5 to 100% by weight, based on the composition IV, of a condensation product V of &agr;) at least one compound VI which is capable of reacting with a carboxylic acid or with a sulfonic acid or with a derivative or a iixture of two or more of these, and &bgr;) at least 1 mol per mole of the compound VI of a carboxylic acid or sulfonic acid VII which has at least one functional group capable of free-radical polymerization, or of a derivative thereof or of a mixture of two or more thereof and b2) from 0 to 95% by weight, based on the composition IV, of another compound VIII with an average molecular weight (number average) of at least 5000 having polyether segments in its main or side chain and at least one ester of the formula (E1) to (E5)

Abstract: Hard sintered moldings having a nickel- and cobalt-free, nitrogen-containing steel as a binder of the hard phase, processes for the powder metallurgical production of these hard sintered moldings, in particular by powder injection molding, and powder injection molding materials for the production of these hard sintered moldings by powder injection molding.

Abstract: A process for the continuous preparation of polyisobutene having a number-average molecular weight {overscore (M)}N of from 500 to 50,000 and containing at least 50 mol % of terminal double bonds by one-stage or multistage, continuous polymerization of isobutene in the liquid phase in the presence of a catalyst comprising boron trifluoride and at least one oxygen-containing compound at below +40° C., wherein the liquid reaction phase has a viscosity of from 6 to 20 mm2/s (determined according to DIN 51562), at least in the first polymerization stage, is described.

Abstract: Hydrogel particles are produced by a drying step followed sequentially by precomminuting, grinding, separating, and further drying of coarse particles.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of aldehydes and/or alcohols or amines by reacting olefins in the liquid phase with carbon monoxide and hydrogen, a part of these gases being dispersed in the form of gas bubbles in the reaction liquid and another part being dissolved in the reaction liquid, in the presence or absence of a primary or secondary amine and in the presence of a cobalt carbonyl, rhodium carbonyl, palladium carbonyl or ruthenium carbonyl complex dissolved homogeneously in the reaction liquid and having a phosphorus-, arsenic-, antimony- or nitrogen-containing ligand, at elevated temperatures and at 1 to 100 bar, wherein the reaction is carried out in a vertically arranged, tubular reactor comprising a reactor body and at least one circulation line, a part of the reaction liquid is fed continuously via the circulation line to at least one nozzle which is mounted in the upper part of the reactor body and is coordinated with a guide member, open at the top and bottom and bounded by parallel walls, in the

Abstract: A process for the production of tablet-shaped granular material from a melt, in which (i) a melt is prepared, (ii) the prepared melt is shaped to droplets, (iii) the droplets are deposited on a cooling surface, and (iv) the deposited droplets solidify to give the granular material, wherein the melt comprises an alcohol, and the melt has a melting point of 30° C. or above.

Abstract: N-substituted perhydro-2,3-diazines of the formula I in which the variables Z, R, m and RA are as defined in claim 1, a process for their preparation and the use of the compounds of the formula I as starting materials for preparing herbicides of the formula V in which R, RA, Z and m are as defined above, X is O or S and Q is a C6-C14-aromatic radical are described.

Abstract: The present invention is an aqueous coating composition and method of preparing same that uses certain polyoxyalkylene phosphate surfactants to increase the compatibility of inorganic pigments such as TiO2 with latex polymer binders to reduce the clustering of the inorganic pigment particles in the aqueous coating composition. The aqueous coating composition of the invention includes at least one polyoxyalkylene phosphate surfactant having the following structure: wherein m is 1 or 2, n is an integer from 1 to 100, R1 is C1-C5 alkyl, O—R2 is an alkylphenol residue wherein R2 has the structure C6H4—CpH2p+1 or O—R2 is a linear or branched alkyl alcohol residue wherein R2 has the structure CpH2p+1, and p is an integer from 1 to 30. The aqueous composition further includes at least one latex polymer, at least one inorganic pigment and water.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved method of graft polymers comprising providing an emulsion comprising at least one or more first monomer (a), at least one or more second monomer (b), and at least one graft material (c). The emulsion is subjected to conditions such that it undergoes simultaneous free radical polymerization and grafting. One or more first monomer (a) is unsaturated and is free of any functional groups reactable with a functional group Fb of monomer (b) or a functional group Fc of graft material (c). Monomer (a) may optionally comprise a functional group Fa which is not reactive with either functional group Fb or Fc. Monomer (b) is unsaturated and comprises a functional group Fb reactive with functional group Fc. Graft material (c) comprises a compound free of unsaturation and comprising a functional group Fc reactive with functional group Fb, and a graft moiety.

Abstract: Reticulated flexible polyurethane foams are prepared by reacting organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanates (a) with a polyetherol mixture (b) and, if required, further compounds (c) having hydrogen atoms reactive toward isocyanates, in the presence of water and/or other blowing agents (d), catalysts (e) and further assistants and additives (f), by a process in which the polyetherol mixture (b) comprises b1) at least one difunctional or polyfunctional polyetherol having an OH number of from 20 to 150 mg KOH/g, based on propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide and ethylene oxide and having an ethylene oxide content of more than 40% by weight, based on the total amount of alkylene oxide used, (b1.

Abstract: A process for reducing the residual monomer amount in aqueous polymer dispersions comprises aftertreating with a redox initiator system.

Abstract: A method for preparing compression molded or pressed lignocellulosic articles is disclosed. The method involves forming a binder resin by combining a polyisocyanate component with a parting agent and preferably a synergist. The parting agent is the reaction product of an isocyanate compound and an isocyanate-reactive compound of the general structure R—(ao)n—Y where: R is a hydrophobic group containing alkyl, alkaryl, polyaryl, or siloxane moieties; (ao) is an alkylene oxide or mixture of alkylene oxides; n is from 1 to 25; and Y represents a monofunctional isocyanate-reactive group. A resinated lignocellulosic mixture is formed by combining the binder resin with lignocellulosic particles. Then a compression molded or pressed lignocellulosic article is formed by compressing the resinated lignocellulosic mixture at an elevated temperature and under pressure.