Abstract: In a process for the fractional distillation of a liquid crude aldehyde mixture including straight-chain and branched aldehydes, the product mixture is fractionated in a first distillation column to give a product stream of branched aldehyde, a product stream of straight-chain aldehyde and a further product stream including straight-chain aldehyde and the high boiling constituents. The further product stream is then fractionated in a second distillation column whose packing volume is a factor of from 50 to 200 smaller than that of the first distillation column to give a product stream of straight-chain aldehyde and a high boiler product stream.

Abstract: Copolymers I carrying functional groups and comprising a) 20-60 mol % of at least one monoethylenically unsaturated C4-C6-dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof, b) 10-70 mol % of at least one oligomer of propene or of a branched 1-olefin of 4 to 10 carbon atoms, having an average molecular weight Mw of from 300 to 5000, and c) 1-50 mol % of at least one monoethylenically unsaturated compound which is copolymerizable with the monomers a) and b), a process for their preparation, oil-soluble reaction products obtainable therefrom by reaction with an amine and the use of said reaction products as additives for lubricants and fuels.

Abstract: A reactor (1) is proposed, comprising a bundle of catalyst tubes (2) through which a reaction mixture is passed and through whose space surrounding the catalyst tubes (2) a heat exchange medium (3) is passed, comprising ring lines (4, 5) at both reactor ends with jacket orifices (6, 7) for feeding in and removing the heat exchange medium (3) by means of one or more pumps (8), the heat exchange medium (3) being fed to the upper ring line (4) and being sucked in via the lower ring line (5) by the pump(s) (8) having a vertical pump shaft (9) or vertical pump shaft(s) (9) which is or are mounted and operated at their upper end, and the pump(s) (8) having a diagonal rotor (10) and a restrictor gap (11) in the longitudinal direction of the pump shaft(s) (9), within the heat exchange medium (3), on the pressure side of the pump(s) (8) for sealing and mounting the pump shaft(s) (9) and reducing the axial shear of the diagonal rotor (10).

Abstract: In a process for preparing an aqueous and/or alcoholic solution of hydrogen peroxide by reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in a trickle-bed reactor over a supported catalyst comprising a noble metal, the apparent flow direction of the gas stream and the apparent flow direction of the liquid stream are not parallel to one another. The apparent flow direction of the gas stream preferably runs radially from the longitudinal axis to the circumference of the reactor. The process allows high gas throughputs with a small pressure drop.

Abstract: The present invention relates to photopolymerizable acrylic varnish compositions.

Abstract: 2-Phenylbenzimidazoles and 2-phenylindoles of formula I wherein A is N or CH, R1 is hydrogen or alkyl which optionally carries an OR11 group, R11 is hydrogen or alkyl, R2 is hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine, alkyl, nitro, CF3, CN, NR21R22, NH—CO—R23, OR21, R21 and R22 are each hydrogen or alkyl, R23 is hydrogen, alkyl or phenyl, R3 is —(CH2)q—NR31R32, q is 0, 1, 2 or 3, R31 is hydrogen, alkyl, (CH2)rNR33R34, R32 is (CH2)rNR33R34, r is 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, R33 and R34 are each hydrogen, alkyl or phenylalkyl wherein the phenyl ring is optionally substituted, or R33 and R34 and the nitrogen atom form a 3- to 8-membered ring, R4 is hydrogen, alkyl, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, nitro, cyano, NR41R42, NH—CO—R43, OR41, R41 and R42 are each hydrogen or alkyl, and R43 is alkyl or phenyl, are useful as inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase and for the production of drugs.

Abstract: Human antibodies, preferably recombinant human antibodies, that specifically bind to human tumor necrosis factor &agr; (hTNF&agr;) are disclosed. These antibodies have high affinity for hTNF&agr; (e.g., Kd=10−8 M or less), a slow off rate for hTNF&agr; dissociation (e.g., Koff=10−3 sec−1 or less) and neutralize hTNF&agr; activity in vitro and in vivo. An antibody of the invention can be a full-length antibody or an antigen-binding portion thereof. The antibodies, or antibody portions, of the invention are useful for detecting hTNF&agr; and for inhibiting hTNF&agr; activity, e.g., in a human subject suffering from a disorder in which hTNF&agr; activity is detrimental. Nucleic acids, vectors and host cells for expressing the recombinant human antibodies of the invention, and methods of synthesizing the recombinant human antibodies, are also encompassed by the invention.

Abstract: Benzamidoxime derivatives of the formula I where R1 is difluoromethyl or trifluoromethyl R2 is hydrogen or fluorine R3 is C1-C4-alkyl which may be substituted by cyano, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, C3-C6-alkenyl, C3-C6-haloalkenyl, C3-C6-alkynyl, C3-C8-cycloalkyl-C1-C4-alkyl R4 is phenyl-C1-C6-alkyl which may carry one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of halogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy and C1-C4-haloalkoxy on the phenyl ring, or is thienyl-C1-C4-alkyl which may carry one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy and C1-C4-haloalkoxy on the thienyl ring, or is pyrazolyl-C1-C4-alkyl which may carry one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy and C1-C4-haloalkoxy on the pyrazole ring, are prepared, and intermediates for their preparation and their use as fungicides are described.

Abstract: The disclosure sets forth aqueous cationic surfactant formulations and a process for their preparation. The formulations contains in solution a) from 10 to 50% by weight of a quaternary ammonium compound of the formula I: where: the substituents have the meanings set forth in the description, and b) from 0.01 to 15% by weight of an amine of the formula III: and c) from 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of a buffer which maintains a pH in a range from 4 to 9. The surfactant formulation is prepared by reacting an amine of the formula III in aqueous solution with a dialkyl sulfate of the formula IV where R1 to R5 are in a molar ratio range from 85 to 99.99 mol %, based on the amine and at from 20 to 100 degrees C. and then adding to the reaction solution from 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of a buffer which maintains a pH in a range from 4 to 9.

Abstract: A process for preparing guanidine derivatives, in particular creatine, is described and entails continuously combining a cyanamide derivative and a primary or secondary amine in the presence of crystals of the guanidine derivative.

Abstract: Carotenoid formulations comprising a mixture of &bgr;-carotene, lycopene and lutein, and the use thereof in human and animal foods, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: Multicomponent superabsorbent gel particles are disclosed. The multicomponent particles comprise at least one acidic water-absorbing resin and at least one basic water-absorbing resin. Each particle contains microdomains of the acidic resin and/or the basic resin homogeneously dispersed throughout the particle.

Abstract: Phosphabenzene compounds of the formula (I) where the radicals R1 to R13 are, independently of one another, hydrogen, COOM, SO3M, NR3X, NR2, OR, COOR or SR (where M=hydrogen, NH4 or alkali metal, X=anion, R=hydrogen or C1-C6-alkyl), or C1-C12-alkyl, C6-C12-aryl, C7-C12-aralkyl, C7-C12-alkaryl or C3-C6-heteroaromatics, where the alkyl, aryl, alkaryl and aralkyl radicals may bear the abovementioned radicals as substituents and two or more of the radicals may be joined to form aliphatic or fused-on rings, where at least one of the radicals R4 and R8 and at least one of the radicals R9 and R13 is not hydrogen, can be used for preparing hydroformylation catalysts.

Abstract: Molding compositions comprise A) at least one polyarylene ether sulfone, B) at least one aliphatic polyamide, C) at least one filler, and also if desired D) an impact-modifying rubber or a mixture of various impact-modifying rubbers, and E) an additive or a mixture of various additives wherein the viscosity number of the polyamides B (measured in 0.5% strength by weight solution in 96% strength by weight sulfuric acid to DIN 53 727) is at least 180 ml/g, and the molding compositions comprise F) from 100 ppm to 0.5% by weight, based on the total weight of A to E, of copper bromide or copper iodide or a mixture of these.

Abstract: Phenylacetic acid derivatives of the formula I where the variables are as disclosed herein, their salts, processes and intermediates for their preparation, and their use for controlling harmful fungi and animal pests.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing single-coat or multicoat clearcoat finishes on primed or unprimed substrates by applying at least one powder coating dispersion, in particular a powder clearcoat slurry, to the substrate and then curing the resulting film(s) thermally and/or with actinic radiation, in which at least one polyvalent inorganic acid and/or oxalic acid are or is added to at least one powder coating dispersion, in particular to a powder clearcoat slurry.

Abstract: An acrylic-free, waterborne coating composition is disclosed. The waterborne coating composition produces a waterborne paint film having improved chip resistance on a substrate. The waterborne coating composition comprises an aqueous polyurethane dispersion substantially free from co-solvents. The polyurethane dispersion has a glass transition temperature from 0° C. or less and at least one carboxyl group. The waterborne coating composition also includes a melamine reactive with the carboxyl group. The aqueous polyurethane dispersion and the water-soluble cross-linker form a binder component of the waterborne coating composition. The binder component includes from 60 to 90% by weight of the aqueous polyurethane dispersion based on 100% by weight of the binder component and from 10 to 40% by weight of the water-soluble cross-linker based on 100% by weight of the binder component. The waterborne coating composition is applied having a film build of 0.5 to 5.0 mils and produces a paint film loss of from 0.

Abstract: Water-soluble polymers of esters made from acrylic acid and methacrylic acid and alkylpolyalkylene glycols, obtainable by azeotropic esterification of a mixture of acrylic acid (A), methacrylic acid (B), and an alkylpolyalkylene glycol (C) with a molecular weight Mw of from 350 to 4000, where in the mixture the molar ratio of (A) to (C) is from 0.

Abstract: Multicomponent superabsorbent gel particles are disclosed. The multicomponent particles comprise at least one acidic water-absorbing resin and at least one basic water-absorbing resin. Each particle contains at least one microdomain of the acidic resin in contact with, or in close proximity to, at least one microdomain of the basic resin. Blends of multicomponent superabsorbent gel particles with particles of a second water-absorbing resin also are disclosed. Improved diaper cores containing particles of the multicomponent superabsorbent gel particles also are disclosed.

Abstract: Pesticidal 1,4-diaryl-2,3-difluoro-2-butene compounds of formula I wherein Ar is phenyl, 1- or 2-naphthyl or a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring all of which aromatic systems may be optionally substituted; R is C2-C6-alkenyl, C4-C6-cycloalkenyl or C1-C2-alkoxy-C2-C6-alkyl; and Ar1 is phenoxyphenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, phenoxypyridyl, benzylpyridyl, benzylphenyl, benzoylphenyl, 1- or 2-naphthyl, or a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring all of which aromatic systems may be optionally substituted, intermediates and methods for the preparation of compounds of formula I and compositions and methods comprising the compounds and compositions for the control of insect and acarid pests.