Abstract: An aluminum alloy for the production of powders having increased high-temperature strength by rapid quenching, the said alloy containing 1.5 to 5% by weight of Li, 4 to 11% by weight of Fe and 1 to 6% by weight of at least one of the elements Mo, V or Zr, the remainder being Al, or 1.5 to 5% by weight of Li, 4 to 7% by weight of Cr and 1 to 4% by weight of at least one of the elements V or Mn, the remainder being Al. A low density and good high-temperature strength as well as good thermal stability up to 400.degree. C. coupled with Vickers hardnesses of up to 180 (HV) are achieved. Hardness-imparting dispersoids in the form of the phases Al.sub.3 Li and Al.sub.3 Zr, as well as other intermetallic compounds of Al with Mo, V or Mn, having a particle diameter of no more than 0.1 .mu.m, constitute a large volume fraction.

Abstract: An exhaust plenum chamber for a supercharged engine having a variable volume. A mechanical spring is arranged to an exhaust plenum chamber to increase the spring action of the plenum chamber volume. In this connection, the plenum chamber interior is divided into a flow chamber and a dead volume. The efficiency especially of relatively small plenum chambers in internal combustion engines with a small number of cylinders and/or slight supercharging is improved.

Abstract: In a supercharged marine diesel engine having at least one exhaust-gas turbocharger (6, 7) and a separate utility turbine (12) which is connected in parallel with the supercharging turbine (7) and delivers power, and having at least one auxiliary diesel engine (10) which is supercharged by means of a turbocharger and which drives a synchronous generator (11) supplying the ship's electrical system with electrical energy, the utility turbine (12) is coupled to a free shaft end of the auxiliary diesel/generator unit (10, 11). In this way, the auxiliary diesel engine (10) can be relieved of load, which results in a considerable fuel saving. In order to maintain a positive scavenging gradient when the auxiliary diesel engine (10) is relieved of load, a small portion of the exhaust gases of the marine diesel engine (2) is conveyed to a point upstream of the supercharging turbine (19) of the auxiliary diesel engine (10).

Abstract: A method for transmitting digital data wherein the data are transmitted in several transmission sections (I-IV) which in each case contain several symbols (1-6). In the transmitter, the phase of a carrier wave is modulated by n different phase angles and their frequency is suddenly changed at the beginning or at the end of each transmission section. So that the individual transmission sections (I-IV) can be synchronized in the receiver, at least one symbol from each transmission section is additionally transmitted by the transmitter in another transmission section as synchronization information. In the receiver, the phases of the carrier wave within the individual transmission sections, that is to say the block phases, are first determined independently of each other by means of an estimating method directly from sections of the carrier wave modulated with the respective data, apart from a phase uncertainty of n-times.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for converting an input voltage into a proportional ouput signal, including a converting resistance which is followed by operational amplifier having a feedback resistance. For the purpose of stabilizing the gain of the circuit arrangement with respect to changes in the converting resistance, the latter is formed by connecting two branch resistances in parallel with each other. These branch resistances are series-connected in a bridge circuit to which a direct voltage is supplied from a voltage source. The bridge circuit also includes an operational amplifier and high-quality film resistors and a variable balancing resistance which includes, in series, another film resistor and a field effect transistor. An integrator automatically balances the bridge circuit by controlling the field effect transistor. The balancing resistor.

Abstract: A reactionless thermionic cathode for electronic tubes consists of a metallic or ceramic support and an alloy, preferably an intermetallic compound, containing the actual emission-promoting element, with a metal from the group comprising those of the VIIIth vertical row of the periodic table and rhenium. The preferred activation substances are platinides of the elements having a low electron work function, predominantly Ba and La. The cathode is manufactured by wet-mechanical, cataphoretic or electroplating application of the activation substance to the support or by infiltration of the porous support having a pore volume of at least 10%. High emission current densities are obtained at relatively low operating temperatures.

Abstract: Components (5) in a superalloy, in particular a dispersion hardened nickel based alloy, are connected together by pressure bonding in the solid condition with the greatest possible limitation of the overall deformation of the complete components (5) by lateral restraint (7), the actual bonding zone (6) having short-term intensive dynamic plastic flow imposed on it and, taking account of the deformation temperature, the local deformation rate .epsilon..sub.l and the local deformation .epsilon..sub.l referred to the bonding zone (6) are matched together in such a way that the driving force during the subsequent heat treatment of the complete workpiece above the recrystallization temperature is sufficient to force the formation of coarse grain under all conditions. It can then be assumed that, in general, the expression ##EQU1## h.sub.o =height of the bonding zone (6) before connection, h.sub.f =height of the bonding zone (6) after connection,D.sub.

Abstract: In the apparatus, a low-pressure high-current mercury-vapor lamp (4) equipped with a tubular extension (6) arranged on the discharge tube is used as a radiation source. So that the temperatures of the tubular extension (6) can be regulated specifically even during the operation of the ultraviolet lamp (4), and to achieve a longer service life of the ultraviolet lamps, and airstream circulating through the apparatus and serving at the same time for heating the tubular extension (6) is used to cool the ultraviolet lamp (4). A metal heat-conducting body (25) surrounding the tubular extension (6) and having a temperature sensor (28) regulates the temperature of the tubular extension (6) to a predetermined value in conjunction with a cooling device (18) and a guide device (22). There is therefore no need for separate heating of the extension. Furthermore, the heat-conducting body (25) acts as a thermal and electrical shield for the temperature-measuring circuit.

Abstract: A pressure-wave machine for supercharging internal combustion engines having a cellular wheel with surfaces coated with catalyst material.

Abstract: In thyristor having disconnectable emitter short circuits provided by means of monolithically integrated transistor structure, wherein a simplified production and improved control of the short circuits is achieved by the fact that a bipolar structure is integrated as the transistor structure into the component. In a preferred illustrative embodiment, the n.sup.+ -type emitter layer of the thyristor is interrupted by intermediate spaces in which the transistor structure is in each case disposed.

Abstract: A method for zone heat treatment of metallic workpiece with a comparatively large cross-section, in which the workpiece is successively passed through a zone of higher temperature in such a way that the temperature of the workpiece initially rises steeply as a function of the displacement in the feed direction, passes through a flat maximum and then falls with a small slope. The method is carried out by passing the workpiece through a heating device equipped with a heating coil and a subsequent insulation body, or alternatively through a furnace. In a special embodiment of the method for obtaining the highest possible temperature gradient, the workpiece is drawn from a water bath and then passed through the heating coil.

Abstract: A semiconductor component, including a GTO thyristor and integrally formed reverse conducting antiparallel diode, which can be used for turn-off of currents of 20 A . . . >2,000 A and off-state voltages of 600 V . . . >4,500 V in power electronics for driving electric vehicle motors, for direct-current choppers, converters, electric filters and so forth. A thyristor region including several parallel-connected individual gate turn-off (GTO) thyristors is separated by a protective zone form a diode region and electrically substantially decoupled in such a manner that only a few free charge carriers can reach the thyristor region during the conducting phase of the diode. For this purpose, the distance between the bottom of the recess in the protective zone and a space charge zone is kept small. Preferably, a second pn junction in the region of the protective zone extends to the bottom of the protective zone at two points.

Abstract: A gas-filled test cell is used which accommodates the object under test and to which a pulse generator is connected. The test cell is constructed over its entire length as a coaxial line having a ribbon-shaped inner conductor and a round outer conductor. A ribbon-shaped potential plate connected to the outer conductor is arranged plane-parallel to the inner conductor inside the outer conductor at a distance corresponding to at least twice the height of the object under test. The distance is also longer than the shortest distance between the inner conductor and the outer conductor. The ratio between the sum of the width of the inner conductor and its thickness and the diameter of the outer conductor has been selected in such a manner that is between 0.4 and 0.9.

Abstract: A method for the additional transmission of information items via a digital auxiliary channel in an optical wave guide system for digital signal transmission, in which system electric signals, which are coded in a pseudo-ternary bipolar code, are converted into a redundant, binary line code and are transmitted in converted form via an optical wave guide. In each case one information unit of the information items is transmitted by modification of a selected bit pattern from the data stream present in line code. According to the method, the pseudo-ternary bipolar code is the HDB-3 code, the MCMI code is used as the line code, the bit sequences 110011 and 001100 are used as selected bit patterns and at least one of the bit sequences 011011, 100111 and 101101 is allocated as a modification to the bit sequence 110011, and at least one of the bit sequences 001001, 000110 and 010010 is allocated as a modification to the bit sequence 001100.

Abstract: A method and device for removing solid or liquid particles contained in suspension in a gas stream by an electric field, wherein the gas stream flow is directed past ion sources which simultaneously act as field electrodes. The suspended particles are thereby changed in a bipolar manner, such that approximately half of the particles are positively charged and the other half negatively charged, and are forced by the electric field to migrate across the gas stream into a preferred neutralization zone where they are concentrated, discharged, partially agglomerated and coagulated. Subsequently, the particle-enriched and particle-depleted partial gas stream thus formed are separated and treated further in accordance with operating requirements. Thereby the remaining gas stream maximally loaded with particles is fed into a particle-removal device where their withdrawal occurs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a damping element for independent blades of a turbomachine in which the blades fastened in the rotor are connected together, preferably in the radially outer region, the connection between two blades consists of an elastically deformable platelet curved towards the center of the rotor, which platelet engages in retention features on the suction side of one blade and on the pressure side of a second, neighboring blade. The retention features on the blades can be either recesses or protruding lugs, in or on which the platelets are supported.

Abstract: In a process for purifying and deaerating the feed water line in the circulation system of a power-generating plant heated by nuclear power, the following steps are carried out in order to solve acute problems of steam-generator corrosion:(a) when the preheater train is filled, with the steam-generator isolating valve (40) closed, the condensate flows several times via a recirculation line (37, 52, 53) back to the condensate-collecting vessel (6) and to the condensate purification apparatus (9);(b) below the water level (7) in the condensate-collecting vessel (6), a deaerating medium (37,38,39) is introduced into the condensate via spray nozzles, rises in the condensate and forms in the deaerating chamber (44), as result of displacement of the air present in its, a cushion which is conducive to oxygen deaerating;(c) the steam produced during deaerating is precipitated in an additional condenser (48) which is located in the venting line upstream of the vacuum pump (47) and which is subjected to a secondary coo

Abstract: In a combined gas/steam turbine power station plant with integrated coal gasification, the gas turbine combustion chamber and auxiliary firing in the exhaust heat steam generator are fired with fuel gas from the gas generator with nitrogen from the air separation plant being previously mixed with the fuel gas.

Abstract: The process consists in that two comparison tube sections (3; 4), which originate from a single condenser tube and of which one (3) is left in the corroded condition and/or the condition encrusted by mineral deposits and the other (4) is brought into the new condition by etching or other cleaning procedures, are conductively connected in series, and cooling water flows through them and they are heated from the outside in a condenser chamber in each case (1 and 2 respectively) by steam flows of equal power. The temperatures (t.sub.1, t.sub.2 and t.sub.3, t.sub.4 respectively) measured at the inlet and outlet positions of the comparison tube sections (3; 4), the measured values of the mass flow of cooling water (M.sub.w) and the steam temperatures (t.sub.f ; t.sub.b) and the heat flows (Q.sub.kf =Q.sub.kb) in the two condenser chambers (1 and 2 respectively) permit the determination of the thermal resistance (R.sub.

Abstract: A lightning arrester with a monolithic, active resistor core made of voltage-dependent resistance material based on ZnO is produced by mixing and grinding the base materials ZnO+metal oxides, producing pourable granules, filling into a silicone rubber tube and pressing cold-isostatically or radially into a moulding, sintering of the moulding into a self-supporting, monolithic resistor core, converting the resistor core, with an insulator by casting around, coating or painting with an epoxy resin, silicone material or concrete polymer or by drawing over a shrink-fit tube or by glazing. The resultant lightning arrester has a simple configuration, good reproducibility, cost-effective mass production.