Abstract: An apparatus for producing patterns on a surface of a substrate. The apparatus includes a rigid support such as a rigid tubular structure having first and second opposed ends and a fluid flow passageway extending therethrough. A printing stamp is attached at one of the opposed ends of the rigid support. The printing stamp has a flexible diaphragm portion which has an outer surface which is coated with one or more materials in a pre-selected pattern. A pneumatic pressurizing mechanism communicating with an inner surface of the flexible diaphragm portion through the fluid flow passageway is used to bias the flexible diaphragm portion outwardly into intimate and uniform contact with the surface of the substrate for transferring the pre-selected pattern onto the substrate surface. The rigid tubular supports are attached to a robotic positioning mechanism for providing control of positioning of the stamp relative to the substrate surface.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for noninvasively measuring blood glucose concentration. The apparatus disclosed uses light pulses directed onto a patient's skin and reflected back from the patient to measure blood glucose. Reflected light is passed through light filters that transmit a narrow bandwidth of light within a range of wavelengths that is absorbed by glucose and then measured. Unreflected light is passed through identical light filters and also measured. The two measurements are then compared and used to calculate the patient's blood glucose concentration.