Abstract: Synergistic drug combinations with the small molecule PAC-1 against uveal or cutaneous melanoma. There are no current targeted drug treatments for the mutations associated with uveal melanoma. Despite primary radiation or surgical therapy, up to 50% of patients eventually develop metastatic disease, for which there is no standard therapy nor treatment shown to improve overall survival. Drug combinations with PAC-1 allow the use of lower dosages of this compound that result in cancer cell death in uveal melanoma. Drug combinations of PAC-1 with the kinase inhibitor entrectinib have shown a synergistic effect against uveal melanoma cell lines. Specifically, PAC-1 and entrectinib are synergistic against wild-type and mutant uveal melanoma cell lines (e.g., GNAQ and GNA11).

Abstract: A method is provided for characterizing a biological sample having a plurality of fluorophores, including a red fluorophore and a blue fluorophore, comprises exciting the red fluorophore via absorption of a photon order of n by a single wavelength band of light that has longer wavelengths than a typical wavelength band of light known to excite the red fluorophore would have. The method further comprises exciting the blue fluorophore substantially via absorption of a photon order of n+1 by the single wavelength band of light. The method also comprises simultaneously detecting light emitted by the red fluorophore and the blue fluorophore. The method further comprises creating an image or a temporal series for sensing from the light detected in the plurality of orthogonal colors.

Abstract: Disclosed are analogues of hinokitiol, methods for preparing them, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. Also disclosed are methods for their use in treating iron-related diseases.

Abstract: Enantioselective total syntheses of the anticancer isocarbostyril alkaloids (+)-7-deoxypancratistatin, (+)-pancratistatin, (+)-lycoricidine, and (+)-narciclasine are described. Our strategy for accessing this unique class of natural products is based on the development of a Ni-catalyzed dearomative trans-1,2-carboamination of benzene. The effectiveness of this dearomatization approach is notable, as only two additional olefin functionalizations are needed to construct the fully decorated aminocyclitol cores of these alkaloids. Installation of the lactam ring has been achieved through several pathways and a direct interconversion between natural products was established via a late-stage C-7 cupration. Using this synthetic blueprint, we were able to produce natural products on a gram scale and provide tailored analogs with improved activity, solubility, and metabolic stability.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides technologies that allow reduced field of view or fast imaging with reduced image distortion. The first technique capitalizes on the benefit of reduced field of view imaging for full field of view coverage. The second technique allows achieves high resolution 3D images in a focused region. These techniques are expected to have applications for cancer imaging, neuro imaging, and other biomedical imaging areas.

Abstract: A method for learning a representation of a sequence of frames includes encoding, via an encoder network, the sequence of frames to obtain a set of feature maps and extracting, a motion-guided slot learning mechanism, mid-level features from the set of feature maps. The method further includes quantizing the mid-level features via a vector quantization process to obtain a set of tokens, and decoding, via a decoder network, the tokens to obtain a reconstructed sequence of frames. The method still further includes optimizing a combination of a reconstruction loss and a motion loss to train the encoder and decoder networks.

Abstract: Rare earth elements (REEs) play an essential role in our modern society, being critical resources for the growing electronic devices and renewable energy technologies. For the reversible capture and release of REEs, we designed and synthesized a redox-copolymer poly(ferrocenylpropyl methacrylamide-co-methacrylic acid) (P(FPMAm-co-MAA)) that combines an ion-exchange carboxylic acid group for REE adsorption, and an redox-active ferrocene moiety for electrochemical regeneration. By molecularly tuning the copolymer composition, efficient adsorption uptake could be achieved alongside electrochemically regenerated adsorbent reuse. The copolymer sorbent showed stoichiometric binding for yttrium (Y), cerium (Ce), neodymium (Nd), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), and dysprosium (Dy) based on carboxylic acid active site.

Abstract: A method of controlling oxygen vacancy concentration in a semiconducting metal oxide includes exposing a treated surface of a crystalline metal oxide to water at a temperature and pressure sufficient to maintain the water in a liquid phase. During the exposure, a portion of the water is adsorbed onto the treated surface and dissociates into atomic oxygen and hydrogen. The atomic oxygen is injected into and diffuses through the crystalline metal oxide, forming isolated oxygen interstitials and oxygen defect complexes. The isolated oxygen interstitials replace oxygen vacancies in the crystalline metal oxide.

Abstract: Disclosed herein, are methods of detecting multiple sclerosis in a subject by measuring relative abundances of multiple oral microbiota in sample. Also, disclosed herein are methods of treatment and prophylaxis of MS.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for producing 2?fucosyliaciose and L-fucose from recombinant microorganisms.

Abstract: A fiber includes a core and cladding, both of which may have temperature dependent indices of refraction. The materials and size of the core and cladding may be selected such that as the temperature of the core and/or cladding is heated above room temperature, the fiber transitions from supporting multimode optical waveguiding to supporting single mode waveguiding.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and devices for fabricating printable semiconductor elements and assembling printable semiconductor elements onto substrate surfaces. Methods, devices and device components of the present invention are capable of generating a wide range of flexible electronic and optoelectronic devices and arrays of devices on substrates comprising polymeric materials. The present invention also provides stretchable semiconductor structures and stretchable electronic devices capable of good performance in stretched configurations.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods that rapidly detect a target nucleic acid molecule using a CRISPR or a CRISPR Cascade mechanism where binding of a target nucleic acid molecule initiates an amplification cascade by converting high KD guide RNA molecules to low KD guide RNA molecules.

Abstract: A system generates a context mask based on quantitative image data. The system obtains the quantitative image data which was captured via a quantitative imaging of a sample. The quantitative image data is compared to previous quantitative image data through application of the quantitative image data to a neural network trained using the previous quantitative image data and corresponding constructed context masks. The comparison generates the context mask for the quantitative image data. The context mask provides context for the quantitative parameter values that facilities characterization of the sample.

Abstract: The disclosure provides example devices and methods for virus and bacterium detection and identification. The example device includes (a) a housing having an air inlet and an air outlet, (b) a substrate disposed within the housing, where the at least one substrate has a through-slot, where the substrate has a plurality of wells, (c) an air-handling and precipitation chamber, a reagent and reaction chamber, and a detection chamber arranged in series and each coupled to the top surface of the substrate, (d) a first actuator coupled to the substrate and configured to rotate the substrate, (e) a second actuator coupled to and configured to rotate the air-handling and precipitation chamber, the reagent and reaction chamber, and the detection chamber, and (f) at least one processor electrically coupled to the air-handling and precipitation chamber, the reagent and reaction chamber, the detection chamber, the first actuator, and the second actuator.

Abstract: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) over-expression is prominent in inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. Directly monitoring COX-2 activity within its native environment poses an exciting approach to account for and illuminate the effect of the local environments on protein activity. Herein, we report the development of CoxFluor, the first activity-based sensing approach for monitoring COX-2 within live cells with confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. CoxFluor strategically links a natural substrate with a dye precursor to engage both the cyclooxygenase and peroxidase activities of COX-2. This catalyzes the release of resorufin and the natural product, as supported by molecular dynamics and ensemble docking. CoxFluor enabled the detection of oxygen-dependent changes in COX-2 activity that are independent of protein expression within live macrophage cells.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure relate to methods of cultivating genetically altered plants with increased activity of the PsbS protein. These genetically altered plants have increased water use efficiency and substantially similar photosynthetic efficiency as compared to WT plants grown under the same conditions.

Abstract: This invention is benzothiophene-based estrogen receptor downregulators and their compositions and uses to treat estrogen-related medical disorders.

Abstract: This disclosure describes a low-profile, high-load, and hands-free ball-balancing omnidirectional rolling system with multiple human-robot interfaces for modular and adaptive design configurations and input control interfaces. The disclosed platform uses a self-balancing ball-based robot to allow for a safe, compact, high-load, self-balancing and intuitive mobility device for a person with lower-limb disability. Advanced driving assistance such as obstacle avoidance and semi-autonomous navigation between predefined locations is also disclosed.

Abstract: Systems and methods for hardware-based asynchronous logging include: initiating first and second atomic regions on first and second cores of a central processing unit (CPU); and asynchronously logging data for the first atomic region and the second atomic region using the CPU by: asynchronously performing log persist operations (LPOs) to log an old data value from each atomic region; updating the old data value to a new data value from each atomic region; tracking dependencies between the first atomic region and the second atomic region using a memory controller; asynchronously performing data persist operations (DPOs) to persist the new data value for each atomic region; and committing the first atomic region and the second atomic region based on the dependencies using the memory controller of the CPU.