Abstract: The thinned arrayed transducer for a sonar system includes an array of sonar elements mounted in rows (layers) and columns (staves) on a structure, preferably cylindrical, to form a checkerboard pattern wherein the spacing between adjacent elements in the rows and the columns is equal to or greater than .lambda..sub.m /2, where .lambda..sub.m is the wavelength of the signal of frequency f.sub.o transmitted in the medium where the sonar is being used. The transducer structure is made from a layered cloth impregnated with a phenol based material, and includes openings in which the sonar elments are mounted. The sonar elements which are effectively a half wavelength in length consist of a cylindrical ceramic section fixed end-to-end to a cylindrical metal section. The metal section is made of a loading metal, such as brass. The transmit-receive circuitry energizes the elements by row using a modulated signal to form a variable sonar beam.

Abstract: Finely divided proteinaceous solids suspended in a non-polar organic liquid are formed into agglomerates by contacting the suspension with an immiscible polar liquid comprising selected alkanol-water mixtures, agitating the 3-phase system to effect agglomeration, separating the agglomerates and recovering the proteinaceous solids. The proteinaceous solids are usually derived from cereal grains or legume seeds, particularly those on which a milling, fractionation or solvent extraction is carried out in a non-polar organic liquid medium.

Abstract: An arch forming structure comprising a flexible arch forming member centerpiece with hinged pairs of struts attached by hinges to each side. The hinged pairs of struts are hingedly attached to a base and collapse inwardly beneath the flexible member. Two tension line lengths are used to snap the hinged pairs of struts from the collapsed condition through dead center to an outwardly sloping position from which further movement is prevented by their central hinge. Two further tension line lengths are jointed to central portions of the hinged pairs of strut members and threaded through eye bolts on the underside of the flexible member and are tensioned by outward movement of the hinged pairs of struts to bend the flexible member into an arch.

Abstract: A method for photochemical separation or enrichment of isotopes of carbon-13 and oxygen-18 employing 123.58 nm resonance radiation of Kr of selected band-width and degrees of self-absorption in order to excite selectively to the A.sup.1 .pi.v'=13 state, .sup.13 C.sup.16 O, .sup.12 C.sup.18 O, or both .sup.13 C.sup.16 O and .sup.12 C.sup.18 O simultaneously, in a mixture of isotopic CO molecules where the .sup.12 C.sup.16 O isotopic molecule is in a large excess. The electronically excited isotopic CO molecules react with a second reactant to yield isotope enriched final products which can be separated; for example, ground state CO as second reactant yields CO.sub.2 and C.sub.3 O.sub.2 products.

Abstract: Uranium ores, concentrates, calcines or tailings are processed to remove radium and thorium as well as uranium. Selected ores, concentrates or tailings, or if more appropriate, chlorination calcines thereof, are leached by selected aqueous chlorine-containing media (preferably in two stages) until uranium, radium and thorium are substantially all dissolved, with the insoluble residual solids being suitable for disposal. The leach solution is treated to recover sequentially uranium, usually thorium, and radium by selected techniques. The radium recovered can be disposed of in any environmentally-acceptable manner. The amount of iron in the residual leach liquor should be controlled to avoid iron build-up, with the barren leach solution being suitable for recycle.

Abstract: Scallops are shucked by being placed on scallop cradles moving along an endless flexible member and a hinged portion of the scallop shell and an opposed portion thereto are sawn from the remainder, to expose the interior, while the scallops are held in the cradles by an endless flexible member. The sawn scallops are then held in the cradles by clamping fingers engaging the bottom shells so that when the shells are inverted a high pressure water jet severs the muscle allowing what was the top shell to fall away, then a series of low pressure water jets detach the viscera and roe, followed by a high pressure fan jet which detaches the muscle.

Abstract: The solvent extraction separation and recovery of copper and zinc from complex chloride liquors; e.g. those resulting from the low temperature chlorination and leach of a copper-lead-zinc sulphide ore or concentrate; are described, including the selection of sequence, conditions, extractants, scrubbing and stripping media and adaptations for electrowinning and recycle. High purity copper sulphate and zinc chloride electrolytes are produced for subsequent direct electrowinning. Lead may also be recovered.

Abstract: The separator charges the particles to be separated and passes them through an alternating electric field which has a non-uniform intensity in a direction perpendicular to the forward direction, and which also has field lines curved in the same direction. The particles which move along the curved field lines due to their charge are thus subjected to a centrifugal force which effects their separation. The separator includes a pair of conductive electrodes, the first being substantially horizontal or possibly at an angle from the horizontal and the second mounted facing the first at a predetermined angle to it. The electrodes may be planar or curved. The field is supplied by an ac source operating in the range of 3 to 1000 hz. A mechanical vibrator attached to the first electrode imparts the forward motion to the particles.

Abstract: A fin-stabilized container formed from foldable sheet material, particularly suited for aerial planting of seeds or seedlings. A cone or pyramid of sheet material is folded so as to form three or more fins at the trailing end and closure means for a container cavity at the forward end.

Abstract: A dispensing apparatus for sequential release of articles, particularly suited for aerial reforestation. The apparatus comprises a rotating cylindrical magazine having peripherally arranged receptacles, a stepping selector sleeve with a helical row or row of apertures that align with the receptacles and an outer casing with an opening allowing sequential release of articles as the magazine and selector sleeve rotate.

Abstract: The multilevel inverter includes a voltage divider which when connected across a dc source E.sub.D, provides voltage at terminals having values between +E.sub.D to -E.sub.D. A first and a second set of thyristors pairs are connected between the positive or negative terminals, respectively, and a load terminal for applying selected voltage levels to the load. Any thyristor pair in these sets may be turned-off by firing the thyristor pair at the next highest voltage level. However, the main thyristors which are connected to the +E.sub.D or -E.sub.D terminal is turned-off by a commutation circuit. This circuit includes a single capacitor maintained at zero voltage and subjected to an oscillating voltage during the commutation cycle to turn-off the conducting main thyristor. Such an inverter can easily provide a waveform having a series of pulses at one or more voltage levels thereby eliminating harmonics in the output.

Abstract: The method and apparatus provides the in-phase I and quadrature Q components of a bandpass signal x(t) of center frequency f.sub.c and bandwidth 2w. The signal x(t) is heterodyned to have an intermediate center frequency f.sub.o where w.ltoreq.f.sub.o .ltoreq.f.sub.c. This signal is divided into two signals and each is sampled during successive periods T.sub.s where T.sub.s =m/f.sub.o and m is an integer. However, the instant of sampling of one signal is shifted with respect to the other by b/4f.sub.o where b is an odd integer. In the various implementations, the shift may be either positive, negative, or both, to provide the quadrature component Q, whereas the sampling of the other signal provides the in-phase component I.

Abstract: A slip-casting system utilizing a ceramic powder for the mold. The system facilitates casting thin-walled and/or long objects without additives for demolding.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compounds of the general formula ##STR1## and non-toxic pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof wherein R.sup.1 is inter alia alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, or certain pyridyl or phenyl radicals, and with provisoR.sup.2 is selected from hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, amino, hydroxyl, halogen, carboxyl, amido, and --CON(lower alkyl).sub.2. Methods of preparing these compounds are described. The compounds exhibit analgesic, anti-inflammatory, hyperglycemic and/or hypoglycemic activity.

Abstract: The low-loss reflection star coupler has a bundle of multimode optical fibers which is folded on itself and fused over a predetermined length to form a bundle loop. During the fusion process, the fibers are elongated into biconical tapers in the fused section. A hybrid transmission-reflection star includes one or more further fibers having only one biconical tapered section which is fused to the fused section of the fiber bundle.

Abstract: Apparatus useful in pattern recognition comprising a two-dimensional lattice array of nodal points, said points being occupied by summing amplifiers having positive and negative input terminals, and output terminals, a corresponding input array of points carrying voltage levels, said points being representative of a two-dimensional array of pixels the pattern of which is to be analyzed, said pattern being a member of a set of patterns characterized by an archetypal pattern, electrical connections from the input array of voltage points via resistors to the inputs of the summing amplifiers, the connections being made in a predetermined pattern and the conductance values of the resistors being set by computational procedures such that a prescribed set of input patterns of pixels is formed into output patterns at the output of the amplifiers that are analysable as to correlation between output array patterns and the archetypal pattern for the prescribed set, and correlation means and discrimination means for anal

Abstract: A transducer for measuring the velocity and displacement of ferromagnetic materials comprising first and second magnetic read-heads positioned close to but not contacting the magnetic element whose velocity is to be measured with the two read-heads located a fixed distance apart in the direction of travel of the element, magnetic means positioned close to the magnetic element ahead of the first and second read-heads in the direction of travel of the magnetic element for increasing the magnetic surface noise levels of the material or the magnetic element, amplifiers connected to the two read-heads for amplifying the random voltage noise signals induced in the read-heads, said signals being substantially identical with one being delayed in time with respect to the other, zero-crossing detectors connected to the outputs of the amplifiers, means for correlating the noise signals obtained from the zero-crossing detectors and providing an output frequency signal, an electronic digital delay line circuit connected b

Abstract: The digital oscillator includes a memory which stores 12 bit words representing sampling points of the analog waveform to be produced and a D/A multiplying converter which receives the bit words and converts them to an analog values, the amplitudes of which are controlled by a reference voltage. The analog output is monitored and compared to a stable reference source in order to generate the controlling reference voltage thus maintaining a constant amplitude digital oscillator output.

Abstract: A re-entrant cannula device for use in the proximal duodenum and/or the site to terminal ileum of, for example, sheep and pigs, which comprises a casing of resilient material and a cylindrical plug cock which is pressed into the casing and has two digesta passages extending through the cylindrical plug cock along separate, isolated, curved paths. The casing has two, splayed intestine connectors and the cylindrical plug cock is rotated, by a connector tube in one digesta passage, from a "maintenance" position wherein digesta flows through one connector, along one digesta passage in the cylindrical plug cock and back to the intestine through the other connector, to a "collection" position where digesta flows from one connector along one digesta passage for collection and is returned to the intestine along the other digesta passage and connector back to the intestine.

Abstract: A low cost method of binding lignocellulosic materials utilizing ammonium based spent sulfite liquor alone as the binder. Hot pressing a mat comprising lignocellulosic material and ammonium spent sulfite liquor at a temperature above 170.degree. C. decomposes the spent sulfite liquor. The decomposition products subsequently condense and polymerize in the presence of lignocellulosic materials to produce a composite product. An exterior grade board can be produced under certain operating conditions. Utilizing the lower molecular weight fraction of the liquor provides a more efficient binder.