Abstract: Improvements to user interfaces for ophthalmic imaging systems, in particular Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) systems are described to improve how diagnostic data are displayed, analyzed and presented to the user. The improvements include user customization of display and reports, protocol driven work flow, bookmarking of particular B-scans, accessing information from a reference library, customized normative databases, and ordering of follow-up scans directly from a review screen. A further aspect is the ability to optimize the contrast and quality of displayed B-scans using a single control parameter. Virtual real time z-tracking is described that maintains displayed data in the same depth location regardless of motion.

Abstract: Systems and methods for performing visual field testing using light field displays are described. The light field display (201, 202; 801; 504; 601-604; 704; 801), that can correct for the focus and cylindrical refractive error of the subject, can be used to perform a variety of visual field testing strategies by rendering visual stimuli to the eye (203). The light field display may be included near the subject's eye, or reimaged by a relay optical system (802). Several embodiments of head and arm mounted systems (711; 704) including a near eye light field display (704) are presented.

Abstract: Systems and methods for improving the assessment of disruption or abnormalities to retinal layers are presented. The disruptions are detected by analyzing at least one segmented boundary of optical coherence tomography data. Several different types of analysis can be used alone or in combination to make an assessment of the level of disruption to the particular boundary or layer defined by the boundary. The results can be presented as an end face image and quantified to report an amount of disruption. In one embodiment, a method for determining the disruption to the photoreceptor outer segment is described.

Abstract: Methods for improving gaze tracking are presented. These methods eliminate the need for a separate initial calibration step to determine whether the subject is properly centrally fixated during testing. In one embodiment, whether the subject is centrally fixated is determined by identifying inlier and outlier gaze descriptors; the inliers are assumed to be associated with central fixation. This reduces the total time required for testing. These methods also improve the accuracy of gaze tracking during testing without the need for individual subject calibration. Instead, a database of reference eyes is used. The subject's eye can be compared to the reference eyes, and the mapping function for one or more reference matches can be used to estimate the subject's gaze direction. In another embodiment, previous calibration data from the same subject can be used to determine whether the subject is properly centrally fixated and/or the direction of the subject's gaze.

Abstract: Methods for improved acquisition and processing of optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography data are presented. One embodiment involves improving the acquisition of the data by evaluating the quality of different portions of the data to identify sections having non-uniform acquisition parameters or non-uniformities due to opacities in the eye such as floaters. The identified sections can then be brought to the attention of the user or automatically reacquired. In another embodiment, segmentation of layers in the retina includes both structural and flow information derived from motion contrast processing. In a further embodiment, the health of the eye is evaluating by comparing a metric reflecting the density of vessels at a particular location in the eye determined by OCT angiography to a database of values calculated on normal eyes.

Abstract: The present application discloses methods and systems to track the anterior segment while establishing a position of the delay which will permit good control of the placement of anterior segment structures. This allows accurate dewarping by maximizing the amount of corneal surface that is imaged as well as reducing or eliminating overlap between real and complex conjugate images present in frequency-domain optical coherence tomography. A method to dewarp surfaces given partial corneal surface information is also disclosed.

Abstract: Techniques are introduced to improve the ability of OCT to determine more accurately the nature of the flow of fluids in the eye, including faster measurements of the flow and a method to reduce geometric uncertainties due to eye movements.

Abstract: The invention relates to mobile computer devices, front-mounted optical systems and computer program products allowing perimetry measurement.

Abstract: Efficient interferometer designs for optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems are presented. One example interferometer design includes two polarization dependent beamsplitters and a non-polarization dependent combiner. The first polarization dependent beamsplitter transmits light in a first polarization state to a sample arm of the OCT system and transmits light in a second polarization state different from the first polarization state to a reference arm of the system. The second polarization dependent beamsplitter transmits light returning from a sample to the non-polarization dependent combiner. The combiner combines light returned from the sample and the light that has passed through the reference arm, which is then detected at a detector. Another example interferometer design includes free space optics comprising a non-reciprocal beamsplitting element in a beam path from a light source to a sample.

Abstract: Systems and methods for sub-aperture correlation based wavefront measurement in a thick sample and correction as a post processing technique for interferometric imaging to achieve near diffraction limited resolution are described. Theory, simulation and experimental results are presented for the case of full field interference microscopy. The inventive technique can be applied to any coherent interferometric imaging technique and does not require knowledge of any system parameters. In one embodiment of the present application, a fast and simple way to correct for defocus aberration is described. A variety of applications for the method are presented.

Abstract: Embodiments herein include swept-source interferometric imaging systems employing arbitrary sweep patterns in which a swept-source is swept over a continuous spectral range where the variation of wavelength over time is noncontinuous. Embodiments include sweep patterns that result in reduction of signals from moving scatterers and where the sweep is synchronized with the dead time of the camera.

Abstract: Methods for analyzing optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of the macula to reduce variance and improve disease diagnosis are presented. One embodiment of the invention is directed towards selecting analysis locations and data segmentation techniques to take advantage of structural homogeneities. Another embodiment is directed towards reducing the variance in a collection of normative data by transforming the individual members of the database to correspond to a Standard Macula. Variations in foveal size are corrected by radial transformation. Variations in layer thickness are corrected by axial shifting. Diagnosis is performed by comparing OCT images from a patient to the improved normative database.

Abstract: An efficient method of evaluating the level of contrast of an OCT dataset is presented. The method develops a metric to segregate useful and not-so-useful data in one or more OCT B-scans, in order to reduce spurious subsequent analyses of the data by downstream segmentation algorithms. It is designed to be fast and efficient and is applied to determining autofocus of an OCT instrument real-time and in identifying a real image from its complex conjugate twin.

Abstract: A method for reducing motion artifacts in optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography images is disclosed. The method is applied to the intensity or complex OCT data prior to applying the motion contrast analysis and involves determining sub-pixel level shifts between at least two B-scans repeated approximately at the same location and applying the sub-pixel level shifts to the B-scans to be able to correct for motion and accurately determine motion contrast signal. A preferred embodiment includes the use of 2D cross correlations to register a series of B-scans in both the axial (z-) and lateral (x-) dimensions and a convolution approach to achieve sub-pixel level frame registration.

Abstract: Systems and methods for enhanced accuracy in optical coherence tomography imaging of the cornea are presented, including approaches for more accurate corneal surface modeling, pachymetry maps, keratometric values, and corneal power. These methods involve new scan patterns, an eye tracking mechanism for transverse motion feedback, and advanced motion correction algorithms. In one embodiment the methods comprise acquiring a first sparse set of data, using that data to create a corneal surface model, and then using the model to register a second set of denser data acquisition. This second set of data is used to create a more accurate, motion-corrected model of the cornea, from which pachymetry maps, keratometric values, and corneal power information can be generated. In addition, methods are presented for determining simulated keratometry values from optical coherence tomography data, and for better tracking and registration by using both rotation about three axes and the corneal apex.

Abstract: An image data set acquired by an optical coherence tomography (OCT) system is corrected for effects due to motion of the sample. A first set of A-scans is acquired within a time short enough to avoid any significant motion of the sample. A second more extensive set of A-scans is acquired over an overlapping region on the sample. Significant sample motion may occur during acquisition of the second set. A-scans from the first set are matched with A-scans from the second set, based on similarity between the longitudinal optical scattering profiles they contain. Such matched pairs of A-scans are likely to correspond to the same region in the sample. Comparison of the OCT scanner coordinates that produced each A-scan in a matching pair, in conjunction with any shift in the longitudinal scattering profiles between the pair of A-scans, reveals the displacement of the sample between acquisition of the first and second A-scans in the pair.

Abstract: Methods for improved acquisition and processing of optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography data are presented. One embodiment involves improving the acquisition of the data by evaluating the quality of different portions of the data to identify sections having non-uniform acquisition parameters or non-uniformities due to opacities in the eye such as floaters. The identified sections can then be brought to the attention of the user or automatically reacquired. In another embodiment, segmentation of layers in the retina includes both structural and flow information derived from motion contrast processing. In a further embodiment, the health of the eye is evaluating by comparing a metric reflecting the density of vessels at a particular location in the eye determined by OCT angiography to a database of values calculated on normal eyes.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method are described which provide a range of second-order chromatic dispersion correction between a reference arm and a sample arm of an optical coherence tomographic system, while minimizing optical path length differences.

Abstract: Systems and methods are presented for acquisition and processing of spectrally dispersed illumination optical coherence tomographic data. Light from a source is distributed spectrally on the sample, and each acquisition simultaneously provides partial spectral interference information from multiple locations in the sample. Thus for a given spatial point, a single observation will be of a partial spectrum A-scan. When multiple partial spectrum A-scan observations are made at the same point by shifting the spectrum of light on to the tissue, the point can be observed by the entire broadband spectrum of the light source, thereby making it possible to create a full axial resolution A-scan.