Abstract: Provided herein is a method of forming a composition by co-processing nanocarbon aggregates and carbon black aggregates, which includes providing nanocarbon aggregates, providing carbon black aggregates, and mixing the nanocarbon aggregates and the carbon black aggregates such that the nanocarbon aggregates disperse into looser aggregates of nanocarbons and carbon black, or individualized nanocarbons dispersed among the carbon black aggregates.

Abstract: A catalytic composition is disclosed, which exhibits an X-ray amorphous oxide with a spinel formula, and crystals of ZnO, CuO, and at least one Group VIB metal oxide, and preferably, at least one acidic oxide of B, P. or Si, as well. The composition is useful in oxidative processes for removing sulfur from gaseous hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A process for preparing trioxane from methanol includes: step 1: subjecting a mixture of methanol and methylal to a reaction to obtain formaldehyde, and absorbing the formaldehyde with water to obtain a concentrated formaldehyde aqueous solution; step 2: subjecting the concentrated formaldehyde aqueous solution to cyclization to obtain a mixture containing trioxane, and passing the mixture through a trioxane concentration tower to obtain a crude trioxane product; step 3: converting a by-product and unreacted formaldehyde in the crude trioxane product into methanol, conducting dehydration through a membrane dehydration process, and subjecting a retentate to dealcoholization to obtain purified trioxane; and step 4: subjecting the remaining streams to reactive distillation to obtain a mixture of methanol and methylal at a top-and water at a bottom of the reactive distillation tower; returning the mixture of methanol and methylal to step 1; and returning or discharging the water.

Abstract: The presently disclosed and claimed inventive concept(s) generally relates to a method of making a solid catalyst component comprising a zeolite with a modifier and at least one Group VIII metal alloyed with at least one transition metal and a process of converting mixed waste plastics into low molecular weight organic compounds using the solid catalyst component. The process of converting mixed waste plastics into low molecular weight organic compounds may employ the use of a non-thermal catalytic plasma reactor, which may be configured as a fluid bed reactor or fixed bed reactor.

Abstract: The disclosure includes a platinum-based alloy catalyst and a preparation method thereof, a membrane electrode and a fuel cell. The method for preparing the platinum-based alloy catalyst comprises the following steps: (1) preparing nano-sized alloy particles of platinum and 3d transition metal; (2) carrying out acid treatment on the alloy particles prepared in step (1); and (3) annealing the alloy particles treated in step (2). The size of the platinum-based alloy particles is controlled, an atom number ratio of platinum to transition metal in the platinum-based alloy is controlled, and then etching and dissolution of acid is combined so that an atom number ratio of platinum to transition metal is further controlled, subsequently annealing is carried out at high temperature. The prepared platinum-based alloy catalyst improves the stability and durability of the platinum-based alloy catalyst, which supports the large-scale application of the platinum-based alloy catalyst in the fuel cell.

Abstract: The disclosure includes a platinum-based alloy catalyst and a preparation method thereof, a membrane electrode and a fuel cell. The method for preparing the platinum-based alloy catalyst comprises the following steps: (1) preparing nano-sized alloy particles of platinum and 3d transition metal; (2) carrying out acid treatment on the alloy particles prepared in step (1); and (3) annealing the alloy particles treated in step (2). The size of the platinum-based alloy particles is controlled, an atom number ratio of platinum to transition metal in the platinum-based alloy is controlled, and then etching and dissolution of acid is combined so that an atom number ratio of platinum to transition metal is further controlled, subsequently annealing is carried out at high temperature. The prepared platinum-based alloy catalyst improves the stability and durability of the platinum-based alloy catalyst, which supports the large-scale application of the platinum-based alloy catalyst in the fuel cell.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for preparing phenols from aromatic compounds, particularly a method of preparing phenol by direct hydroxylation of benzene. The method comprises contacting benzene with nitrous oxide in the presence of a bimetallic zeolite catalyst at an ambient pressure and a reaction temperature ranging from (about) 320° C. to 440° C.

Abstract: Provided herein is a method of forming a composition by co-processing nanocarbon aggregates and carbon black aggregates, which includes providing nanocarbon aggregates, providing carbon black aggregates, and mixing the nanocarbon aggregates and the carbon black aggregates such that the nanocarbon aggregates disperse into looser aggregates of nanocarbons and carbon black, or individualized nanocarbons dispersed among the carbon black aggregates.

Abstract: A composition useful in oxidative desulphurization of gaseous hydrocarbons is described. It comprises a CuZnAl—O mixed oxide, and an H form of a zeolite. The mixed oxide can contain one or more metal oxide promoters. The H form of the zeolite can be desilicated, and can also contain one or more transition metals.

Abstract: The presently disclosed and claimed inventive concept(s) generally relates to a solid catalyst component comprising a zeolite with a modifier and at least one Group VIII meal alloyed with at least one transition metal. The presently disclosed and claimed inventive concept(s) further relates to a method of making the solid catalyst component and a process of converting mixed waste plastics into low molecular weight organic compounds using the solid catalyst component.

Abstract: A composition useful in oxidative desulfurization of gaseous hydrocarbons is described. It comprises a CuZnAl—O mixed oxide, and an H form of a zeolite. The mixed oxide can contain one or more metal oxide promoters. The H form of the zeolite can be desilicated, and can also contain one or more transition metals.

Abstract: The presently disclosed and claimed inventive concept(s) generally relates to a solid catalyst component comprising a zeolite with a modifier and at least one Group VIII meal alloyed with at least one transition metal. The presently disclosed and claimed inventive concept(s) further relates to a method of making the solid catalyst component and a process of converting mixed waste plastics into low molecular weight organic compounds using the solid catalyst component.

Abstract: A hydrotreating catalyst includes a hydrogenation active metal supported on a alumina-phosphorus support and satisfies: a specific surface area being 100 m2/g or more; a total pore volume measured by mercury intrusion being in a range 0.80-1.50 ml/g; a maximum value of pore distribution being present in a pore diameter range 10-30 nm; a ratio of a pore volume of pores with a pore diameter within a range of ±2 nm of a pore diameter at the maximum value to a pore volume of pores with a pore diameter in a range 5-100 nm being 0.40 or less; a pressure capacity being 10 N/mm or more; 0.4-10.0 mass % of phosphorus being contained in the catalyst in terms of P2O5 concentration based on a total amount of the catalyst; and a hydrogenation active metal being at least one metal selected from metals of VIA and VIII groups of the periodic table.

Abstract: A catalytic composition is disclosed, which exhibits an X-ray amorphous oxide, with a spinel formula and highly dispersed crystals of ZnO, CuO, and optionally CeO2. The composition is useful in oxidative and adsorptive processes for removing sulfur from gaseous hydrocarbons.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for removing one or more sulfur compounds from a first liquid. The process can include passing the first liquid through a first inlet and a second liquid through a second inlet, and passing the first liquid through a first outlet and the second liquid through a second outlet of a vessel. The vessel may further have a plurality of vortex contactors. Often, the plurality of vortex contactors has a first vortex contactor, in turn including at least one wall and a frustum. The at least one wall can form a perimeter about an interior space and include a first side and a second side forming a passageway communicating the first liquid from an exterior to the interior space, and a frustum positioned proximate to the passageway and abutting the at least one wall for facilitating contacting of the first and second liquids to extract the one or more sulfur compounds from the first liquid to the second liquid.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be an apparatus for contacting a first liquid and a second liquid. The apparatus can include a vessel. The vessel can include a wall and a funnical frustum. The wall may form a perimeter about an interior space and include a first side and a second side forming a passageway communicating at least one of the first and second liquids to the interior space. The funnical frustum may be positioned proximate to the passageway and abut the wall for facilitating contacting of the first and second liquids.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for removing one or more sulfur compounds from a first liquid. The process can include passing the first liquid through a first inlet and a second liquid through a second inlet of a vessel, passing the first and second liquids through the passageway for facilitating contacting of the first and second liquids to extract the one or more sulfur compounds from the first liquid to the second liquid, and passing the first liquid through the first outlet and the second liquid through the second outlet. Often, the vessel has a plurality of vortex contactors, and a first outlet and a second outlet. The plurality of vortex contactors can include a first vortex contactor, in turn having at least one wall forming a perimeter about an interior region and including a first side and a second side forming a passageway communicating the first liquid from an exterior to the interior region, and a frustum positioned proximate to the passageway and abutting the at least one wall.

Abstract: The presently disclosed and claimed inventive concept(s) generally relates to a solid catalyst component comprising a zeolite with a modifier and at least one Group VIII metal alloyed with at least one transition metal. The presently disclosed and claimed inventive concept(s) further relates to a method of making the solid catalyst component and a process of converting mixed waste plastics into low molecular weight organic compounds using the solid catalyst component.

Abstract: A process for making linear alkyl aromatics is described. The process involves preparing the paraffin feed by dehydrogenating normal paraffins, selectively hydrogenating any diolefins, and adsorbing any aromatics to form an olefin feed. The olefin feed is contacted with an aromatic feed in the presence of an ionic liquid catalyst to form a mixture of alkylated aromatics. The ionic liquid catalyst is separated from the mixture of alkylated aromatics by gravity, and any ionic liquid retained in the alkylated aromatics is removed by adsorption or extraction. The mixture of alkylated aromatics is then separated into monoalkylated aromatics and dialkylated aromatics.

Abstract: A solid terephthalic acid composition and a process for producing terephthalic acid from para-xylene. The process comprises forming a mixture comprising the para-xylene, a solvent, a bromine source, and a catalyst; and oxidizing the para-xylene by contacting the mixture with an oxidizing agent at oxidizing conditions to produce a solid oxidation product comprising terephthalic acid, para-toluic acid, 4-carboxybenzaldehyde. The solvent comprises a carboxylic acid having from 1 to 7 carbon atoms and an dialkyl imidazolium ionic liquid; and the catalyst comprises at least one of cobalt, titanium, manganese, chromium, copper, nickel, vanadium, iron, molybdenum, tin, cerium, and zirconium. The solid terephthalic acid composition comprises, less than about 4,000 ppm-wt 4-carboxybenzaldehyde content, and more than about 2,000 ppm-wt a para-toluic acid.