Abstract: Eukaryotic genomes are duplicated by the activation of multiple bidirectional origins of replication. The replication programs of these cells depend on the temporal and spatial organization of replication origins throughout the genome. To investigate the replication program in a higher eukaryote, we employed a technique called molecular combing. This technique allows for a quantitative analysis of DNA replication on a genome wide basis. As a model system, Xenopus laevis sperm chromatin were differentially labeled at successive time points after the beginning of DNA synthesis. Genomic DNA was then extracted and combed on a glass surface. Direct measurements made on the labeled DNA provided a comprehensive analysis of the spatial and temporal organization of the X. laevis early embryo replication program and revealed that the number of replication origins activated per kilobase increases throughout the period of DNA synthesis.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 26, 2000
Date of Patent:
June 19, 2001
Assignees:
Institut Pasteur, Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique
Inventors:
Aaron Bensimon, John Herrick, Olivier Hyrien
Abstract: KAL protein is identified the active agent in a therapeutic composition for treatment of injury to nerve tissue, including spinal cord tissue, as well as support of treatment for renal grafts. Additionally, therapeutic treatment of renal injury, and kidney transplantation and renal surgery, is effected by administration of KAL protein. The therapeutic agent may be administered locally, or intravenously. Retinal disorders may be similarly treated.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 6, 1996
Date of Patent:
September 19, 2000
Assignees:
Institut Pasteur, Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique
Abstract: This invention is directed to a composition comprising one or more human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) envelope proteins and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The proteins of the claimed invention are gp300, p200 and p90/80 of HIV-2. The composition is useful for the diagnostic assay of HIV-2 and as an antigen for the production of antibodies, for example.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 7, 1995
Date of Patent:
May 2, 2000
Assignee:
Institut Pasteur and Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (C.N.R.S.)
Inventors:
Luc Montagnier, Anne G. Laurent-Crawford, Bernard Krust, Ara G. Hovanessian, Marie-Anne Rey Cuille
Abstract: The invention relates to monomers derived from perhalogenated sultones, to a process for their preparation, to the polymers obtained from the said monomers and to their use for the production of ion-conductive materials.The monomers are compounds corresponding to the formula A--CFX--SO.sub.2 Z in which A denotes one group R.sup.3 --O--CF.sub.2 -- or R.sup.3 -- or R.sup.1 R.sup.2 N--CO--; Z denotes F, Cl, --OSi(CH.sub.3).sub.3 or an ionic group, Z being other than F when A denotes R.sup.3 --O--CF.sub.2 -- or R.sup.3 --; X denotes F, Cl, H or R.sub.F, X being R.sub.F when A denotes R.sup.3 --; the radicals R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are chosen from polymerizable nonperfluorinated organic radicals; R.sub.F is chosen from perfluoroalkyl radicals and perfluoroaryl radicals.The polymers obtained from these monomers can be employed for the production of ion-conductive materials.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 3, 1995
Date of Patent:
June 25, 1996
Assignees:
Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique, Hydro Quebec
Inventors:
Michel Armand, Jean-Yves Sanchez, Salime Sylla
Abstract: The present invention relates to new noncentrosymmetric crystal structures consisting of an optionally substituted 2-amino-5-nitropyridinium halide.It also relates to a process for the preparation of these crystal structures. Finally, it relates to a device with an electro-optical effect comprising said crystal structure.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 6, 1994
Date of Patent:
May 7, 1996
Assignees:
France Telecom, Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Inventors:
Jacques Pecaut, Jean-Pierre Levy, Rene Masses, Joseph Zyss, Rolland Hierle
Abstract: A hybrid superconductive fiber or strand comprises at least two layers surrounding a core wherein the fiber or strand comprises two superconductive materials. One of the superconductive materials is a Chevrel phase, optionally doped, which constitutes one of the layers or the core. The other superconductive material, other than the Chevrel phase, constitutes another layer, optionally lacunar, or the core.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 22, 1987
Date of Patent:
February 28, 1989
Assignee:
Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Inventors:
Roger A. Chevrel, Marcel M. Sergent, Maryvonne F. Hirrien
Abstract: This invention relates to a process of cross-linking a halogenated polymer be nucleophilic substitution of the halogen atoms by means of a coupling agent constituted by an organo-metallic thiolate, wherein said coupling thiolate is an alkaline or alkaline-earth thiolate not comprising an amine function, of general formula: ##STR1## in which: Me designates an alkaline or alkaline-earth metal;R.sub.1 designates an aliphatic or aromatic radical and;R.sub.2 designates a group selected from the group constituted by: ##STR2## in which R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 designate an alkyl or aryl group not comprising an amine function.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 17, 1985
Date of Patent:
March 3, 1987
Assignee:
Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique
Abstract: An apparatus for the thermal measurement of the texture of a porous body, including a measuring head, a measuring assembly and a processing and control circuit. The measuring head is provided with two identical cylindrical cells, a measuring cell and a reference cell, arranged in a furnace. The measuring assembly measures the mean temperature of the measuring cell, and measures a calorific effect in the measuring cell, and includes a calorific effect detector, a calibration circuit, a temperature regulator including a furnace heater. The measuring circuit supplies a temperature signal and a calorific effect signal to the processing and control circuit, which in turn controls the heater.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 1, 1984
Date of Patent:
November 18, 1986
Assignees:
Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique
Inventors:
Paul Barberi, Pierre Bergez, Maurice Brun, Michel Chevalier, Charles Eyraud, Jean-Francois Quinson
Abstract: For generation of a light beam having a narrow linewidth, an energy extraction beam of narrow linewidth, typically from a pulsed laser, is directed into a Raman medium having a large stimulated line. A second source, typically a pulsed laser, delivers a beam coaxial to the first in the medium. The frequency of the first beam is within the stimulated emission line of the medium induced by the second frequency and energy transfer occurs from the second to the first beam without substantial increase in the spectral linewidth.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 15, 1981
Date of Patent:
September 7, 1982
Assignee:
Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique