Abstract: Binders for coating compositions are produced by an elevated temperature, aqueous phase polymerization, in the presence of an anionic emulsifier, polyethylene oxide and peroxydisulfate, of a monomer mixture consisting by weight of 10-85% vinyl aromatic component, which may be partially replaced by 0-20% of acrylonitrile, 15-90% by weight of diolefin component and up to 6% each of .beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid or an amide thereof or a mixture thereof, characterized by employing a starting reaction mixture containing 0.05-0.5% of an anionic sulfonate or sulfate emulsifier; 0.5-5% of a polyethylene oxide having an average molecular weight of between 300 and 4,000; and 0.5-2% of a water-soluble peroxydisulfate; and, after a monomer conversion of between 15 and 35% by weight, adding to the reaction mixture another 0.2-1.5% of an anionic sulfonate or sulfate emulsifier.

Abstract: The method and apparatus for the oxidation of naphthalene to phthalic anhydride in multi-tube reactors having fixed bed catalysts therein are improved by removing deposits from the catalysts. These deposits are removed by impulsively decompressing the reactor in the direction of the inlet of the multi-tube reactor.

Abstract: Polyalkenamers are produced by a ring-opening polymerization of cyclic olefins employing a catalyst system comprising (1) a tungsten or molybdenum compound; (2) an organoaluminum compound; (3) a vinylic chloride, bromide or iodide; and, optionally, (4) a compound containing a hydroxyl or sulfhydryl group; and conducting the polymerization in the presence of an ethylenically unsaturated halogenated hydrocarbon wherein one of the double bonded carbon atoms is substituted by chlorine, bromine or iodine or halogenated alkyl or aryl and at least one hydrogen atom.

Abstract: For the production of polyalkenamers there are provided catalysts consisting essentially of a catalyst system for the ring-opening polymerization of cyclic olefins consisting essentially of (1) a tungsten or molybdenum compound; (2) an organoaluminum compound; and (3) an ether of vinyl alcohol, of allyl alcohol, or of 2-butene-1,4-diol, the molar ratio of component (1) to component (2) being less than 1 : 1 and the molar ratio of component (1) to component (3) being less than 100 : 1. The catalyst system may also contain a compound containing one or more hydroxyl or sulfhydryl groups in a molar ratio to component (1) of about 0 : 1 to 2 : 1, respectively.

Abstract: A process for the production of cyclopentene free of C.sub.5 -diene impurities, which comprises metathetically reacting cis-cis-cyclodecadiene-(1,6) with a catalytic amount of a metathesis catalyst at a reaction temperature of from 0.degree.C up to the temperature at which said catalyst decomposes for a period of time sufficient to form said cyclopentene.

Abstract: Expandable styrene polymers suitable for the production of quickly moldable cellular bodies having reacted therein a uniformly distributed high molecular poly-1-butene which forms a discontinuous phase. The poly-1-butene includes mixed polymers of 1-butene, with 1-butene as the predominant amount and the concentration of poly-1-butene is about 0.01 to 2.0 percent by weight based on the weight of the polystyrene.

Abstract: Dimethyl terephthalate is prepared by the continuous esterification of terephthalic acid in the gas phase by evaporating solid terephthalic acid in a pre-reactor by means of a hot methanol vapor stream, conducting the gas mixture through a solid bed catalyst in a follow-up reactor, and recirculating a portion of the reaction product to the pre-reactor. After the pre-reactor the terephthalic acid dispersed in the methanol gas phase is heated and vaporized in one or more consecutive heat exchangers followed by one or more dwell period lengths and immediately heated to the esterification temperature prior to entry into the follow-up reactor.

Abstract: An assembly for lining or sheathing a network or framework such as a cable network to form a structure defining generally curved surfaces comprises at least one connector panel including two associated clamping plates and a filling plate therebetween for clamping and holding the covering panels employed to line the framework. The connector panels are attached to the framework by means of firm or elastic intermediate elements and are made from a material which is both weather-resistant and age-resistant.

Abstract: Straight-chain, primary alcohols are prepared by reacting straight-chain 1-chloroalkanes having 6 to 20 carbon atoms with alkali salts of monocarboxylic acids having 4 to 22 carbon atoms in the presence of 1 to 10 mole percent of monocarboxylic acids or alcohols based upon the alkali salt of the carboxylic acid and at temperatures ranging from 150.degree. to 300.degree.C. The esters formed are saponified in alkaline medium to the straight-chain, primary alcohols and separated.

Abstract: High molecular weight polybutadiene, polyisoprene and other hydrocarbon polymers having a high vinyl and a low 1,4-trans-double bond content, which are useful in the manufacture of tire treads and carcasses, are produced employing as catalyst system (a) a cobalt compound; (b) a halogen-containing organoaluminum compound; and (c) a tris-(aryl) phosphite of the formula P--(OR.sub.1), (--OR.sub.2),--OR.sub.3 wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are monocyclic halogenated aryl, or diaryl, naphthyl, anthracenyl or phenanthryl or the corresponding halogenated and/or alkylated polycyclic aryl; and optionally (d) an H-acidic compound, e.g., water.

Abstract: Polyamide base powder coating material from a polyamide having an average of about 8 - 11 aliphatic carbon atoms per carbonamide group and containing about 0.2 to 5 percent by weight of carbonamide groups having n-alkoxymethyl groups based on the total number of carbonamide groups and about 0.01 - 2 percent by weight of acid catalysts.

Abstract: The formation of polymer on the surfaces of the reactor equipment in the commercial production of polyvinyl chloride and copolymers thereof is avoided by employing equipment whose surfaces which contact the monomer are formed of substantially pure nickel.

Abstract: Homogeneous thermoplastic bituminous compositions containing up to 25 parts by weight of ethylene-.alpha.-olefin rubber, e.g. ethylene-propylene rubber, saturated or unsaturated, exhibit improved properties for all asphalt applications, e.g. pipe coating, roads, roofing, etc. The compositions are produced by heating and agitating the bitumen and rubber at above 170.degree. C., preferably 180.degree.-240.degree. C., or by subjecting the rubber to premastication before admixture with the bitumen at lower temperatures. Cross-linkable rubbers can be cross-linked in the bituminous compositions to yield high tensile strength final products.

Abstract: An improvement in the process of melt spinning ethylene terephthalate polyester to produce textile fibers with decreased pilling in the threads, fibers or fabrics made therefrom. The ethylene terephthalate is melt polymerized in the presence of a condensation catalyst to a final temperature of about 250.degree.- 300.degree.C and a final pressure of less than 10 mm mercury to form an anhydrous melt. A substituted cyclobutanedimethanol, preferably 2,4-diphenyl-cyclobutanedimethanol-1,3, is added to the melt-polymerization at a concentration of about 0.05 - 5 mole percent of the substituted cyclobutanedimethanol component. Melt spinning of the modified polyester is carried out and the fibers are irradiated with high energy light.

Abstract: In a low pressure process for the production of crystalline propene-ethene-butene-1 terpolymers with 0.2 to 10% by weight of ethene and 0.2 to 5% by weight of butene-1 with the aid of mixed catalysts of TiCl.sub.3 or TiCl.sub.3 .sup.. n AlCl.sub.3 (n = 0.2 to 0.6), and chlorine-containing organoaluminum compounds, the improvement comprising conducting the polymerization in butene-2 or in a C.sub.4 -cut containing 20-99% butene-2, containing 0.1 - 2.5% of butene-1, with the addition of 0.2 to 10% of ethene, based on the amount of propene employed.

Abstract: Vanadate catalysts used in the preparation of acetic acid by gas-phase oxidation of butenes and of oxygen compounds derived from butene or from propane in the presence of steam are improved by treating with hydrochloric acid, following calcining, and then washing, drying and calcining a second time.

Abstract: An improvement in the process of melt spinning ethylene terephthalate polyester to produce textile fibers with decreased pilling in the threads, fibers or fabrics made therefrom. The ethylene terephthalate is melt polymerized in the presence of a condensation catalyst to a final temperature of about 250.degree.C - 300.degree.C and a final pressure of less than 10 mm mercury to form an anhydrous melt. A substituted cyclobutanedecarboxylic acid, preferably .alpha.-truxillic acid, is added to the melt-polymerization at a concentration of about 0.05-5 molepercent of the acid component. Melt spinning of the modified polyester is carried out and the fibers are irradiated with high energy light.

Abstract: Polylauryllactam low in fisheye gel content polymerized at temperatures ranging from about 260.degree. to 340.degree.C and in the presence of water and possibly in the presence of monocarboxylic acids having 2-18 carbon atoms or polycarboxylic acids having 2-12 carbon atoms as chain regulators, under pressure and with removal of the water, and possibly with post-condensation at temperatures ranging from about 200.degree. to 300.degree.C, wherein 2-hydroxyphenylbenzoxazole is added to the molten, lauryllactam monomer in such amounts that the polylauryllactam contains from about 0.05 to 1.5 percent by weight of 2-hydroxyphenylbenzoxazole.

Abstract: A process for preparing a homogeneous liquid mixture consisting essentially of a normally solid polyolefin rubber copolymer of at least two different monoolefinically unsaturated hydrocarbons of 2-8 carbon atoms or of at least two different monoolefinically unsaturated hydrocarbons of 2-8 carbon atoms and at least one copolymerizable unconjugated diene hydrocarbon of 6-16 carbon atoms and at least an equal amount by weight of an extending oil having a viscosity of 50-5000 centistokes and a specific gravity of 0.84 - 0.98, which comprises:A. adding the copolymer to said extending oil at a temperature of 80.degree. - 230.degree.C; andB. admixing the copolymer with the hot extending oil at an agitation speed of 1-500 cm/sec and a shear velocity of 0.5 - 100 sec.sup..sup.-1 for a period of time sufficient to form said homogeneous liquid mixture substantially free of particulate copolymer.

Abstract: A process for preparing trichloroethylene by chlorinating 1,2-dichloroethane in the liquid phase in the presence of ethylene followed by pyrolytic chlorination or dehydrochlorination of the reaction product. The 1,2-dichloroethane is chlorinated in the liquid phase in a bubble column reactor in the presence of 1 - 10 mole percent of ethylene with a chlorine/1.2-dichloroethane feed ratio of about 0.7 - 1.4/1, a temperature of about 40.degree. to 150.degree.C with superficial velocities exceeding 8 cm/sec. and gas dwell times of about 0.3 to 10 seconds. The chlorinated product is reacted in the gas phase with recirculated tetrachloroethanes and about 20 - 70 moles of chlorine per 100 moles of chlorinated hydrocarbons at temperatures of about 380.degree. to 500.degree.C and dwell times of about 20 to 30 seconds. This gas phase reaction product is separated by distillation into a low-boiling fraction containing predominantly dichloroethylenes and a high boiling fraction containing predominantly trichloroethylene.