Abstract: Liquid, highly pigmentable coating compositions containing little or no solvent and which are suitable for spray coating employ a binder consisting either ofA. 45-10% by weight of an aminoplast, a low-molecular weight precursor thereof, or a mixture thereof, andB. 55-90% of an at least bifunctional polyester, or a mixture thereof, having predominantly hydroxy end groups, a degree of condensation of between 2.5 and 10.5 and a molecular weight of up to 1,000, and prepared by condensing an alcohol component consisting of 0-30 molar percent of one or more 3-6 carbon atom polyols having 3-4 hydroxy groups and 100-70 molar percent of a mixture of diols consisting of 33-90 molar percent of ethylene glycol and 67-10 molar percent of 1,2-propanediol, or a condensation product of A and B.

Abstract: The production of polyester amides based on dicarboxylic acids and/or the esters thereof, primary diamines, and polyhydric alcohols and/or aminocarboxylic acids or lactams, by poly-condensing the mixture under heating in the presence of water, while distilling off the volatile components, and recondensation under reduced pressure is improved so that colorless polyester amides are produced. In a first stage a monomer mixture is preliminarily condensed in the presence of about 3 - 20 percent of water, based on the sum total of the polyamide-forming components, under a pressure of about 14 - 25 bars, at temperatures of about 200.degree. - 300.degree. C and for a time period of about 4 - 12 hours. In a second stage, the mixture is completely condensed, after removal of the water, under a reduced pressure of about 0.01 - 100 mbar at temperatures of about 230.degree. - 300.degree. C and for a period of time of about 1 - 12 hours.

Abstract: A process for the production of squaric acid, comprising reacting hexachlorocyclobutene with 70-96% by weight sulfuric acid at 80.degree.-150.degree. C.

Abstract: Liquid varnish coating compositions having a low or nil solvent content, comprising a mixture of binders and optionally conventional auxiliary agents, which contain, as the binder, a mixture of:A) glycidyl esters produced in the usual manner by the reaction of esterification products containing carboxyl groups with an excess of a 2,3-epoxyhaloalkane in the presence of reactive agents which split off hydrogen halide; andB) one or more cyclic anhydrides of saturated and/or unsaturated aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acids, or mixtures consisting essentially of carboxylic acid anhydrides of saturated and/or unsaturated aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic and aromatic dicarboxylic acids, wherein the melting point of the anhydride or anhydride mixture is below 100.degree. C.,in such an amount that 0.7-1.5 anhydride equivalents are present for one epoxide equivalent of the glycidyl esters.

Abstract: Liquid varnish coating compositions having a low or nil solvent content, comprising a mixture of binders and optionally conventional auxiliary agents, which contain, as the binder, a mixture of:(A) glycidyl esters produced in the usual manner by the reaction of esterification products containing carboxyl groups with an excess of a 2,3-epoxyhaloalkane in the presence of reactive agents which split off hydrogen halide; and(B) one or more cyclic carboxylic acid anhydrides of saturated and/or unsaturated aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acids or mixtures consisting essentially of carboxylic acid anhydrides of saturated and/or unsaturated aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic and aromatic dicarboxylic acids, wherein the melting point of the anhydride or anhydride mixture and changes is below 100.degree. C., in such an amount that 0.7-1.5 anhydride equivalents are present for one epoxide equivalent of the glycidyl esters.

Abstract: A process for producing foam-shaped pieces having a poreless and smooth surface from particulate expandable styrene polymer which comprises the steps of heating not prefoamed particles of expandable styrene polymer to a temperature between 100.degree. and 170.degree. C. under a pressure of between 3 and 30 bar to cause melting of the polymer cooling the melt polymer to temperatures of about 10.degree. to 40.degree. C. above the softening point of the styrene polymer, enlarging the capacity of the mold in which the particles are melted, expanding the resulting mold melt material without supplementary external delivery of heat and thereafter cooling the mold to about ambient temperature followed by removal of the shaped foamed piece.

Abstract: Sheets produced by the extrusion of a mixture of about 85 - 95 percent by weight of polystyrene or semi-impact-resistant polystyrene and about 5 - 15 percent by weight of a diene-styrene block copolymer having the structure S-B-S wherein S represents the styrene structure and B represents the butadiene or isoprene structure are used for the manufacture of molded articles in the vacuum-forming or thermoforming method.

Abstract: Aqueous coating compositions comprising a water-soluble or water-dispersible resin prepared by at least partially neutralizing with a basic compound an addition product of an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic compound and a butadiene polymer which has a number average molecular weight of 400-10,000 and contains 40-75% cis-1,4-bonds, 15% or less trans-1,4-bonds and 20-50% 1,2-bonds in the butadiene units forming the polymer chain.

Abstract: Cycloolefins of 8 or 12 carbon atoms and with one or more non-conjugated double bonds in the ring can be polymerized, optionally in the presence of a solvent, with the aid of a catalyst of tungsten hexachloride and cis,trans-1,5-cyclodecadiene as the cocatalyst.

Abstract: Reaction of methallyl chloride (MAC) containing isocrotyl chloride (ICC) with aqueous sodium sulfite solution in an emulsion at 30.degree.-80.degree. C. and pH 7-11, maintained constant during the reaction by metered addition of sodium hydroxide solution is done in a two-step process, in the first step of which a mixture enriched in ICC and depleted in MAC from a preceding reaction batch and/or the second reaction step as excess organic residual phase, is reacted with an excess of concentrated sulfite solution until the MAC has been practically completely consumed; and, in the second step of which the reaction solution remaining after separating the unreacted ICC by distillation is reacted with a technical MAC/ICC mixture containing an excess of MAC until sulfite has been practically completely consumed. Thereafter, the excess organic residual phase is recycled to the first step after distillative separation. The MAC is preferably added in 10-40% excess in the second step.

Abstract: Liquid varnish coating compositions having a low or nil solvent content, comprising a mixture of binders and optionally conventional auxiliary agents, which contain, as the binder, a mixture of:A) glycidyl esters produced in the usual manner by the reaction of esterification products containing carboxyl groups with an excess of a 2,3-epoxyhaloalkane in the presence of reactive agents which split off hydrogen halide; andB) one or more polyamines with at least 3 active hydrogen atoms linked to nitrogen atoms, wherein the nitrogen atoms are bound to aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic residues which, in turn, can optionally be bound to an aromatic residue,In such an amount that 0.8-1.5 amino hydrogen equivalents are present for one epoxide equivalent of the glycidyl esters.

Abstract: Flint is produced from a mischmetal and iron melt by permitting the alloy melt to cool in a mold at a slow enough rate that, as the solidification point of the melt is approached, its temperature is maintained at 800.degree.-600.degree. C for at least 10 minutes. The alloy melt is subsequently extruded and the extrudate is subjected to a heat treatment at temperatures from 370.degree.-470.degree. C for 1/2 to 4 hours, the heat treatment being discontinued before the limit value of the thermodynamic equilibrium has been reached.

Abstract: Polyolefin rubber compositions which are readily heat-sealable are provided by the addition of 5-100 parts by weight, based on the polyolefin elastomer, of a propylene polymer uniformly admixed therewith prior to vulcanization which is selected from the group consisting of polypropylene and copolymers of propylene with up to 20% by weight of ethylene, butene-1 or hexene-1 which polymer has a heptane-extractable portion of 5-60%, and I-value measured according to DIN 53 728 of 100-600 cm.sup.3 /g. and a yield point measured according to DIN 53 735 of 10-30 N/mm.sup.2.

Abstract: A process for improving the adhesion of isocyanate-crosslinked polyester coatings on vulcanized articles of ethylene-.alpha.-olefin-diene terpolymers, characterized in that the vulcanized articles, which contain at least 30 parts by weight of carbon black per 100 parts by weight of the ethylene-.alpha.-olefin-diene terpolymer, are treated with a compound having a functional group reactive with isocyanates and a carbon structure with at least 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A process for the production of a thermoplastic composition comprising a homogeneous blend of(i) 100 parts by weight of a saturated or unsaturated polyolefin elastomer having a green polymer tensile strength of at least 20 kp./cm.sup.2 at 25.degree. C. and a viscosity of 20-150 Mooney units (ML.sub.1+4 at 100.degree. C.) and(ii) 25-900 parts by weight of bitumen, which comprises:(a) admixing bitumen with said elastomer in a kneader at a temperature of about 50.degree.-220.degree. C. for about 1-100 minutes to form a viscous homogeneous composition;(b) cooling the resultant composition to minimize the adhesion to the inner wall and rotor of the kneader; and(c) ejecting at least 95% of the cooled composition from the kneader.

Abstract: Alkoxyoctadienes are brominated with bromine to alkoxytetrabromoctanes of high purity by adding the bromine to an aqueous suspension of the alkoxyoctadienes at 0.degree.-40.degree. C.

Abstract: Polymer blends comprising a major amount of polybutene-1 with a minor amount of low-pressure polypropylene or ethylene/propylene or butene-1 copolymers exhibit improved physical properties.

Abstract: In a process for the production of pulverulent, tack-free, pourable, filler-containing elastomer particles by precipitating a stable, emulsified, homogeneous mixture of an aqueous elastomer emulsion and an aqueous dispersion of a solid filler for said elastomer in the presence of sodium silicate to form an aqueous suspension of the precipitated elastomer and the filler, the improvement which comprises:(a) precipitating the silicic acid in the aqueous suspension at a pH of 4.0 to 9.0, and then(b) mixing the thus-produced suspension of elastomer, filler and precipitated silicic acid with additional filler in the form of an emulsifier-free aqueous suspension.

Abstract: Crude 1,10-decanedicarboxylic acid produced by the nitric acid oxidation at 20.degree.14 60.degree. C. of cyclododecanone, cyclododecanol or a mixture thereof can be purified by distillation to a purity suitable for use in the production of polyamides and polyesters by reducing prior to distillation, e.g., by heating to 70.degree.-90.degree. C., the organically bound nitrogen content and as required the nitric acid content, e.g., by washing, and water content thereof so that the sample which is distilled has maximum contents thereof of 0.05%, 0.02% and 0.1% by weight, respectively, and distilling the pre-purified sample at a sump temperature of 215.degree.-225.degree. C. and at a pressure of 0.5 - 2 torr.

Abstract: A process for the production of pure diglycolic acid by oxidation of diethylene glycol with nitric acid, comprises the steps of:A. cooling the reaction mixture formed during the oxidation to a temperature of -10.degree. to +25.degree. C. and separating a first quantity of thus-crystallized diglycolic acid;B. concentrating the first mother liquor at 5 - 530 millibars to a concentration of 35-45% by weight of HNO.sub.3 and cooling to a temperature of -10.degree. to +25.degree. C.;c. separating a further quantity of thus-crystallized diglycolic acid; andD. recycling the remaining second mother liquor to the reactor for oxidizing diethylene glycol with nitric acid.