Abstract: The invention relates to laundry softener concentrates comprisinga) 5-40% by weight of a cationic softening agent,b) 0.1-25% by weight of an ester of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.22 -carboxylic acid with a di-, tri- or tetrahydric alcohol having 2 to 10 carbon atoms,c) 0-10% by weight of a nonionic dispersing agent,d) 0-20% by weight of a polyglycol ande) water and if appropriate other customary auxiliaries corresponding to the balance to give 100% by weight,and furthermore the use thereof for the preparation of laundry softener emulsions and laundry softener emulsions comprising the laundry softener concentrate.

Abstract: A process for preparing poly(vinyl acetals) or poly(vinyl ketals) by reacting poly(vinyl alcohol) with an aldehyde or ketone in the presence of a catalyst which contains acid groups which are chemically bound on a sheet-like support which is insoluble in the reaction medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula (1) ##STR1## where R is H, a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbons, a fluorinated straight-chain or branched alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbons, a benzyl radical, or a benzyl radical substituted by an alkyl group or alkoxy group with 1 to 4 carbons each, or by halogen, X is H, Cl, Br or I, and X is different from R, and a process for their preparation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to oil-in-water emulsions containing 0.001-70% by weight of at least one active substance from the group consisting of phosphates, thiophosphates and/or carbamates, 0.001-30% by weight of one or more surfactant compounds from the group consisting of nonionic surfactant compounds or phosphorylated surfactant compounds or sulfated surfactant compounds or sulfonated surfactant compounds, and also, if desired, adjuvants, and, water to make up 100% by weight.

Abstract: Cellulose ethers which contain hydroxyalkyl groups are prepared, with the recovery of sodium hydroxide, by cellulose being etherified with alkylene oxide in a water-containing organic suspension medium in the presence of at least 1.0 mol of sodium hydroxide per mole of anhydroglucose units, the water-containing organic suspension medium being separated off after the etherification reaction is complete, the crude cellulose ether being extracted with a suitable solvent mixture, the lower-boiling organic components being distilled off from the solvent mixture after the extraction, the water-containing organic suspension medium separated off being added to the distillation residue of the solvent mixture to form a multiphase mixture, the bottom phase of the multiphase mixture being separated and the sodium hydroxide present in the bottom phase being reused.

Abstract: The present invention relates to hydrophilic, highly swellable hydrogels which are coated with nonreactive, water-insoluble waxes in a quantity of from about 0.05 to about 2% by weight, based on uncoated hydrogel.

Abstract: An effect powder coating having a perceived color which is dependent on the viewing angle, consisting essentially of one or more noncurable cholesteric liquid-crystalline polymers, or essentially of at least one noncurable nematic liquid-crystalline polymer and at least one noncurable cholesteric liquid-crystalline polymer.

Abstract: The invention relates to mixtures comprising acetals and oleophilic alcohols and/or oleophilic esters which are suitable for the preparation of inverted emulsion drilling muds and emulsion drilling muds. They completely or partly replace here the base oils, diesel oil, purified diesel oil, white oil, olefins and alkylbenzenes known to date.The invention furthermore relates to the use of the inverted emulsion drilling mud and emulsion drilling mud as claimed in claim 10.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing vinylphosphonic acids of the formula ##STR1## in which m is an integer from 1 to 20 by heating 2-chloroethylphosphonic acids of the formula ##STR2## in which n is an integer equal to or smaller than m, if desired in the form of a solution, in the absence or presence of a catalyst to a temperature of 180 to 350.degree. C. and eliminating hydrogen chloride and, where appropriate, water under atmospheric pressure or reduced pressure and, if desired, hydrolysing the vinylphosphonic acids of the formula (I).

Abstract: A redispersible dispersion powder comprising:a) a base polymer selected from the group consisting of vinyl ester homo- and copolymers,b) from 2 to 20% by weight, based on the overall mass of the base polymer a), of polyvinyl alcohol, said polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of hydrolysis of from 70 to 100 mol-% and a viscosity in a 4% aqueous solution of from 2 to 70 mPa.s,c) from 0 to 50% by weight, based on the overall mass of the components a) and b), of anticaking agent,d) from 0.

Abstract: Dispersion powders including (a) a polymer of vinyl ester, vinyl ester/ethylene, (meth)acrylate or styrene/acrylate homo- and copolymers, (b) 1 to 25% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymer, of a protective colloid, (c) 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymer, of at least one saturated carboxylic acid ester of the formula C.sub.n H.sub.(2n+1) COOC.sub.m H.sub.(2m+1) where n=5 to 22 and m=1 to 8, and (d) 0 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymer, of anticaking agent, are useful, for example, as modifying agents in mortar and concrete for increasing the flexural tensile strength, compressive strength, and/or adhesive strength thereof.

Abstract: Aromatic bromomethyl compounds play a major role in the synthesis of active substances. They can be obtained in particularly pure form by the free-radical bromination of aromatic methyl compounds in the solvent chlorobenzene.

Abstract: A copolymer in dispersion or redispersible powder form which is stabilized by a protective colloid and has a glass transition temperature of -40.degree. to 10.degree. C. and an ethylene content of at least 30% by weight, based on the total amount of monomers, with a heterogeneous build-up of the copolymer particles, including a first polymer phase, which includes vinyl acetate and >40% by weight of ethylene, based on the total amount of monomers in this phase, and a last copolymer phase, which includes vinyl acetate and 5 to 40% by weight of ethylene, based on the total amount of monomers in this phase, is suitable, for example, as a binder in building materials.

Abstract: A redoxcatalyst system capable of being used for free-radical emulsion polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated compounds, comprising at least one oxidizing agent and at least one reducing agent, said reducing agent comprising an at least bifunctional aldehyde having at least 3 carbon atoms which is completely masked as a bisulfite adduct.

Abstract: The invention relates to a positive-working radiation-sensitive mixture containing a) a compound which forms acid when exposed to actinic radiation, b) a compound containing at least one C--O--C or C--O--Si bond which can be cleaved by said acid, and c) a water-insoluble polymeric binder which is soluble, or at least swellable, in aqueous alkaline solutions, wherein the compound a) comprises the structure of the formulae I, II or III: ##STR1## The radiation-sensitive mixture according to the invention is notable for a high resolution and a high sensitivity over a wide spectral range. It also has high thermal stability and does not form any corrosive photolysis products on exposure to light.The invention furthermore relates to a radiation-sensitive recording material produced therefrom which is suitable for producing photoresists, electronic components, printed circuit boards or for chemical milling.

Abstract: The invention relates to a metal-ion-free developer which contains, in addition to at least one of the standard basic compounds, certain anionic and, optionally, non-ionic surfactants, and to a corresponding concentrate.