Abstract: A method for padding interlaced texture information on a reference VOP to perform a motion estimation detects whether said each texture macroblock of the reference VOP is a boundary block or not. After the undefined texture pixels of the boundary block are extrapolated from the defined texture pixels thereof by using a horizontal repetitive padding, a transparent row padding and a transparent field padding sequentially, an undefined adjacent block is expanded based on the extrapolated boundary block.

Abstract: A method for encoding a binary alpha block (BAB) type of a target block of an interlaced shape signal is provided. After no_update BAB_type which does not require supplemental encoded data is determined, either frame-basis or field-basis encoding is selected as an encoding_type based on a degree of correlation between the target block and its two field blocks. If field basis encoding is selected as encoding_type, it is determined whether or not said two field blocks correspond to one_field_no_update, which indicates at least one fields of said two field blocks require no supplemental data to be transmitted. If said two field blocks are decided as one_field_no_update, top or_bottom and BAB_type_field are detected to be encoded.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for allocating a bandwidth to bit streams of a video signal having variable bit rates, wherein the bit streams are transmitted to an ATM(asynchronous transfer mode) network, encodes the video signal to thereby generate the bit streams of the encoded video signal. If the bit streams are of a time domain, the bit streams are transformed into a frequency domain, and if the bit streams are of the frequency domain, the bit streams are passed on without being transformed. Then, power spectral density S(f) of the bit streams of the frequency domain is calculated, an intermediate parameter I is determined based on the power spectral density S(f), and a Hurst parameter H is evaluated based on the intermediate parameter I. The bit streams are allocted with a bandwidth based on the Hurst parameter H and transmitted to the ATM network based on the allocated bandwidth.

Abstract: An apparatus encodes a video signal composed of texture information and shape information by selectively using a progressive and an interlaced coding technique. The shape information is divided into a multiplicity of BABs of M×N pixels having one of a first and a second binary values and the texture information has a plurality of macroblocks of the same number of pixels as a BAB. Specifically, the apparatus determines a motion vector of a target BAB of the shape information based on a corresponding motion vector predictor selected among candidate motion vectors including frame-based and field-based motion vectors for BABs which surround the target BAB and have been previously encoded and frame-based and field-based motion vectors for macroblocks which surround the macroblock corresponding to the target BAB and also have been previously encoded according to predetermined priority, and encodes the motion vector of the target BAB.

Abstract: An inventive infrared bolometer includes an active matrix level having a substrate provided with an integrated circuit, a pair of connecting terminals and a protective layer, a support level having a bridge and a pair of conduction lines formed on top of the bridge, wherein the bridge includes a pair of anchor portion, a pair of leg portions and an elevated portion, an absorption level having a bolometer element surrounded by an absorber, a reflective layer located at bottom of the absorber and an IR absorber coating placed on top of the absorber, and a pair of posts placed between the absorption level and the support level, wherein a top portion of each of the posts is attached on the center portion of the absorber and a bottom portion thereof is attached on the elevated portion of the bridge. The absorption level is formed with a groove along and near its edge so as to prevent stresses accumulated in absorption level from being relieved.

Abstract: An apparatus encodes a binary shape signal by using an adaptive context-based arithmetic encoding technique.

Abstract: A telescopable wand assembly of a vacuum cleaner. The assembly has a first pipe communicated with a nozzle portion and including a main body made of synthetic resin and a notch portion made of metal, a second pipe communicated with a handle portion and telescopably receiving a part of the first pipe, a knob portion and a rod for interlocking the first and second pipes such that the first and second pipes are slidable by discrete intervals, a cylinder member guiding the first pipe into the second pipe and confining the rod, a rubber ring for sealing a gap between the first and second pipes, and a stopper for supporting the rubber ring.

Abstract: In a data compression system for compressing an input stream of characters into a compressed stream of codewords by employing a dictionary, wherein the dictionary stores a plurality of entries of characters, each entry being identified by a unique codeword, the input stream of characters is parsed into parsed strings and the unique codeword identifying each parsed string is transmitted. In the meantime, the dictionary is updated with N new entries of characters, wherein all of the N new entries include an unmatched character which is appended to the parsed string so that a new codeword is assigned to each of the N new entries, N being an integer equal to or larger than 0.

Abstract: A infra-red bolometer includes an active matrix level, a support level, a pair of posts and an absorption level. The active matrix level includes a substrate having a pair of connecting terminals. The support level includes a pair of bridges, each of the bridges being provided with a conduction line formed on top thereof, wherein one end of the conduction line is electrically connected to the respective connecting terminal. The absorption level includes a serpentine bolometer element surrounded by an absorber and a serpentine stress balancing member formed at bottom of the absorber. The serpentine stress balancing member has an identical shape, a same material and rotated 90° with respect to the serpentine bolometer element to make the compressive stress in the absorber evenly distributed, preventing the absorber from being bent to thereby allow the bolometer to ensure an optimum absorption efficiency.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provide multiple on-screen displays in a signal processing unit capable of processing terrestrial, cable, and satellite broadcast signals. Also, a method and apparatus, for use in a settop box(STB), can provide quality OSD's(On-Screen Displays) to be displayed together with analog broadcast signals. The OSD's are processed at a digital signal processing module in the STB. While the analog broadcast signal is being displayed on the screen, the viewer can use an improved GUI processed by the digital signal processing module. The digital signal processing module includes a digital broadcast signal demodulator, a first and a second detectors, an A/D convertor, a microprocessor, an OSD buffer, an OSD generator, a video decoder, a mixing circuit, an NTSC/PAL encoder, switches, a first and a second AND gate, an inverter, and an OR gate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for controlling the temperature of a mold for injection molding. The temperature of a front surface portion of an upper mold neighbored a gate which is connected to a spool to which the melted resin is injected through a runner, is controlled as 65-75° C. The temperature of a side surface portion of the upper mold between the front surface portion and a parting line, is controlled as 45-55° C. Then, a cavity portion corresponding to the upper mold is formed. The temperature of a core portion which is positioned at a concave portion of a mould product, is controlled as 35-45° C. The generation of a weld line or a chromic aberration can be restrained.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for interactively checking an error of a video cassette tape recorder. Whether or not a service mode is selected by a first remote controller input is checked. A menu picture is displayed on a television screen if the service mode is selected. Whether or not an error check mode in the menu picture is selected by a second remote controller input is checked, and then an error check mode picture is displayed on the television screen if the error check mode is selected. A first check operation is performed about a reproducing system and a first check result is stored into a memory, and an insertion request picture which requests an insertion of a test video cassette is displayed on the television screen when the first check operation is finished. A second check operation is performed about the reproducing system while a reproducing is going on after the test video cassette is inserted and a second check result is stored into the memory.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for motion estimating between a current and a previous frames in a video signal derives a wavelet representation of the current and previous frames to thereby generate M layers and storing a current subimage of a lowest frequency band for each layer of each frame, wherein each layer has a corresponding resolution and M is a positive integer. A motion vector of each search block in a current subimage of a lowest frequency band in an Mth layer is detected with respect to a corresponding previous subimage based on motion vectors of neighboring search blocks and a motion vector of each search block in a current subimage of a lowest frequency band in an (M−i)th layer is detected with respect to a corresponding previous subimage based on motion vectors of neighboring search blocks and a scaled motion vector of a corresponding search block in the current subimage of the lowest frequency band in the (M−i+1)st layer, wherein i is an integer ranging from 1 to M−1.

Abstract: A novel method effectively adjusts the amplitude of a color burst signal in a chrominance of a composite video signal read by a reproducing head from a magnetic tape. A low pass filtered chrominance signal of 629 KHz obtained from the composite video signal is filtered to detect an original chrominance signal of 3.58 MHz. Also an original color burst signal is extracted from the chrominance signal by using a burst gate pulse generated by a burst gate pulse generator in a video cassette recorder system. The color burst signal is converted to that of a digital value corresponding thereto and comparing an amplitude of the converted color burst signal with a predetermined threshold value to provide a device control signal corresponding to the comparison result. In response to the device control signal, the color burst signal is selectively deemphasized to a predetermined level; and either one of the deemphasized color signal and the extracted color burst signal is selectively outputted.

Abstract: A queue management system for selectively transmitting cells received from a plurality of sources, comprises: a multiplexer for multiplexing the cells from the plurality of sources into one output line; a cell pool for storing the cells received from the multiplexer; an idle-address FIFO for storing addresses of empty sectors of the cell pool; a sequencer, having a plurality of modules therein, each module for determining the cells' sequence of transmission, for storing information including a cell's priority field and its corresponding address in the cell pool, comparing the stored information with information of a new entry cell, and queuing the information on the basis of the priority field, wherein the priority field is composed of a deadline time and an eligible time, the deadline time being defined as a maximum allowable delay bound at a node and the eligible time, referring to a delay bound in which a cell is supposed to be transmitted from the node; and a write controller and a read controll

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for variably controlling a switching timing of a power recovery circuit of a plasma display panel television is disclosed. A variableness range pulse generating section generates a variableness range pulse which determines a maximum variableness range of a recovered power applying time. A first counter counts a clock signal in response to the variableness range pulse and periodically outputs a counted value. Second and third counters count a switching time of first and second switches, respectively, and sets first and second reference values. A rising pulse generating section periodically compares the counted value with the first reference value and converts a logic level of an output signal from low to high when the counted value is identical with the first reference value. A falling pulse generating section periodically compares the counted value with the second reference value and converts a logic level of an output signal from high to low.

Abstract: An apparatus for die casting a rotor is disclosed, by which the die cast totors do not require reworking processes. An annular inner wall and an annular outer wall of a first mold are projected against an opposite surface of an intermediate die plate facing the movable die plate for inserting the inner wall and the outer wall into a sleeve. An annular first cavity is formed between the inner wall and the outer wall, and a plurality of sprues is penetrated from an upper surface of the first mold to an annular first cavity. A plurality of gates protrude from a bottom portion of the first cabity. Also, sizing bars inject high pressure water through spraying holes to clean the die plates.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a thin film AMA is disclosed. The second sacrificial layer is formed by using amorphous silicon, poly silicon or a material having fluidity and the first sacrificial layer is formed by using amorphous silicon or poly silicon. The light efficiency is enhanced by the reflecting member having an even surface after the first and the second sacrificial layers are formed in order to have even surfaces. In addition, the active matrix, the active layer and the reflecting member have no damages because the second sacrificial layer is removed by using the oxygen plasma or the vapor of bromine fluoride or xenon fluoride and the first sacrificial layer is removed by using the vapor of bromine fluoride or xenon fluoride.

Abstract: The television having a device for preventing vibration of speaker comprises a speaker. The speaker is fixed on one wall toward a hollow portion formed in an enclosure, and an opening for emitting sound is formed on the enclosure. A vibration plate faces the speaker to be positioned in the opening at a predetermined interval from the speaker. And, a mounting means for mounting the vibration plate on the enclosure is provided. Therefore, vibration of speaker emitting medium/low bandwidth sound outside and vibration of cabinet in which the speaker is mounted is minimized so that quality of sound becomes high and sound having high power is emitted outside.

Abstract: In a method for encoding a contour of an object in a video signal based on a vertex information representing a position and an index of an octant corresponding to each vertex of the contour, a maximum length line segment (MLLS) is first detected among line segments for the contour based on the vertex information (VI). Then, an initial vertex position information (IVPI) and a final vertex position information (FVPI) for the contour are encoded, the initial vertex and the final vertex being two vertices constituting the MLLS. Thereafter, a first bit number (FBN) and a second bit number (SBN) for the contour are set, wherein the FBN is the number of bits required to encode the MLLS and the SBN is the number of bits calculated by using the FBN, typically being FBN-1. In a subsequent step, each of the vertices are classified based on the SBN and the VI either as a first vertex (FV) or as a second vertex (SV) to thereby provide first vertices (FV's) and second vertices (SV's).