Abstract: A refrigerator has a freezer compartment, a refrigerating compartment, and an evaporator. The refrigerator further has a first bypass passage, a second bypass passage and a cooled air inducing pipe.The first bypass passage allows the cooled air from the refrigerating compartment to flow directly to a fan of the refrigerating compartment, thereby allowing the cooled air to bypass the evaporator.The second bypass passage allows the cooled air from the freezer compartment to flow directly to a fan of the freezer compartment, thereby allowing the cooled air to bypass the evaporator.The cooled air inducing pipe mounted in front of the fan changes the direction of the cooled air and force the cooled air to the refrigerating compartment.

Abstract: A method and apparatus processes a video signal by selectively encoding and decoding a plurality of blocks included in the video signal. The encoding apparatus selects a plurality of processing blocks from a motion compensated error signal and decides position data of the processing blocks, wherein error values contained in the processing blocks are larger than the remaining error values and each of the position data of the processing blocks denotes a left top pixel position of each of the processing blocks. Then the apparatus transforms the processing blocks to a plurality of sets of transform coefficients and converts the plurality of sets of transform coefficients into a plurality of sets of quantized transform coefficients. The plurality of sets of quantized transform coefficients are combined with the position data of the processing blocks in order to provide an encoded signal.

Abstract: A method for automatically linking index data with image data is disclosed. A first recording medium has both an index data base and first link data recorded thereon, and a second recording medium has both an image data base and second link data recorded thereon. The separate first link data which is not related to a search item, is added to each of record units of the index data base. The second link data is a label or a key chord which is connectively operated with the first link data. Accordingly, in the search system, the index list which is obtained by the search operation, is linked at a high rate with the image data which is recorded on the majority of recording media. Therefore, the minority of the first recording media having the index data base recorded thereon is linked automatically by the first and second link data with the majority of the second recording media having the image data base or a different form of data base recorded thereon so that the search operation is performed at a high rate.

Abstract: An apparatus, for use in a context-based arithmetic encoding of a binary shape signal, generates a bordered block having a border of width D around a target block based on the binary shape signal which includes a plurality of blocks of P.times.Q pixels having one of a larger and a smaller binary values, P and Q being positive integers, respectively, and the target block is one of the blocks of P.times.Q pixels. In order to produce the bordered block, the apparatus first calculates a weighted mean for each of the border pixels in the bordered block by using N number of neighboring pixels, N being a positive integer. Each of the weighted means is compared with the larger binary value to thereby assign either the larger or the smaller binary value to each of the border pixels. After the binary value to be assigned to each of the border pixels is determined, the apparatus constructs the bordered block based on the binary values assigned to the border pixels and the binary shape signal.

Abstract: A volume holographic data storage(VHDS) system incorporates therein a tapered optical fiber for generating a speckle beam pattern from the tapered optical fiber for increasing the amount of holograms to be stored into a photorefractive crystal. The VHDS system includes a light source for generating a coherent light beam, a beam splitter for splitting the coherent light beam into a reference and a signal beams, a storage medium for storing the multiple holograms thereinto, a mirror for directing the signal beam to the storage medium, a coupler for coupling the reference beam to the tapered optical fiber, wherein one end of the tapered optical fiber has a tapered structure to give perturbation in the form of a speckle pattern to the reference beam from the tapered optical fiber and the reference beam containing the speckle pattern travels to the storage medium after being transmitted through the tapered structure, thereby the speckle pattern reference beam interfering with the signal beam in the storage medium.

Abstract: A symbol timing recovery circuit in a digital demodulator is disclosed. The symbol timing recovery circuit comprises means for generating a clock signal in a predetermined period, means for sampling a received signal according to the clock signal, an interpolator for interpolating the output signal from the sampling means according to a filter tap coefficients calculated by a fractional interval at each sampling period to obtain an interpolant, a data filter for filtering the interpolant and providing the filtered interpolants as a strobe data, a timing error detector for detecting a timing error from the strobe data to generate a timing error signal, a loop filter for filtering the timing error signal to obtain and provide a mean timing error signal; and a controller for providing the fractional interval and controlling the signal processing operation of the data filter, timing error detector, and loop filter according to the mean timing error signal.

Abstract: Defrost water evaporating apparatus for a refrigerator. The apparatus has a plurality of bottom walls for separating a lower space from a refrigerating compartment, a base pan assembled to an underside of the refrigerator, a partition integrally formed at the base pan for partitioning the lower space into first and second space, a drain tube for guiding a defrost water into the first space, a condenser fixing structure for making the defrost water directly contact with a condenser, thereby evaporating the defrost water by a heat exchange with the condenser. The fixing structure has a couple of condenser fixing portions and an extending portion for increasing an actual heat exchange area of the condenser.

Abstract: A method encodes a contour image of an object expressed in a video signal. First, a centroid for the contour of the object is detected by averaging pixel positions on the contour. A set of primary vertices on the contour are determined based on the centroid. Subsequently, a set of secondary vertices on the contour are determined based on the set of primary vertices. The set of primary vertices, the set of secondary vertices and the centroid are encoded to provide a digitally coded contour signal.

Abstract: A front panel assembly of a microwave oven which can improve the appearance and strength of the oven and a method for assembling the same are disclosed. The assembly includes a front panel frame and a reinforcement plate attached to the front panel frame and made of a metal such as stainless steel or synthetic resin. The assembly is assembled to a door frame or a front panel section of the oven. The front panel frame is formed with a recess into which the reinforcement plate is attached. The reinforcement plate is attached to the recess by using a double-sided adhesive tape or by a heat-treatment. The welding lines and non-homogeneous colors formed at the door frame and the front panel frame can be hidden and the strength of the oven increases.

Abstract: A head-mounted display apparatus includes an image display device for displaying images, a first flat reflection mirror for reflecting light from the image display device, a first and a second lenses for controlling a size of the image from the first flat reflection mirror, a first beam splitter for partially transmitting and partially reflecting the light passing through the first and the second lenses, thereby splitting two light beams, a second flat reflection mirror for reflecting the transmitted light beam, a second beam splitter for partially transmitting and partially reflecting the light beam from the second flat reflection mirror, a first reflection mirror for reflecting the light beam reflected by the second beam splitter to one eye of a viewer, a third flat reflection mirror for reflecting the light beam reflected by the first beam splitter, a fourth flat reflection mirror for reflecting the light beam from the third flat reflection mirror, a third beam splitter for partially transmitting and parti

Abstract: A run length encoder for encoding DCT coefficients obtained in a DCT, a quantization, and a scanning steps in block units to output an encoded (run, level) symbol, and outputting a predetermined (run, level) symbol if the obtained DCT coefficients of the block unit are all zero, comprises a run length encoding core for receiving the DCT coefficients and outputting the (run, level) symbol; a zero coefficient detector for detecting whether the DCT coefficients are `0` or not; a zero block detector for receiving an output from the zero coefficient detector to detect whether all of the DCT coefficients of each block are `0` or not; and an output selector for selecting the 2-dimensional symbol outputted from the run length encoding core to output a (run, level) symbol or a predetermined (run, level) symbol, if the block determined in the zero block detector is non-zero or zero block, respectively.

Abstract: In an image display system capable of displaying an M.times.N number of pixels based on optical projection, a light source emits a white light, the white light being reflected on a total mirror at a predetermined angle. An optical filter splits the white light reflected from the total mirror into a trinity of primary light beams, i.e., a red, green and blue light beam. Each of a trinity of arrays of M.times.N actuated mirrors generates an optical pixel signal by reflecting the primary light beams impinging thereon, each of the actuated mirrors in the arrays being capable of changing the optical path of the primary light beams reflected therefrom, wherein a driver circuit controls each actuated mirror based on an input image signal. A projection stopper partially transmits the optical pixel signal and a projection screen displays the optical pixel signals passing through the projection stopper.

Abstract: A method for transmitting jitter information in a network, wherein a connection for a call is established from a source node to a destination node through a plurality of nodes and a frame counter is located at each of the nodes, detects propagation delays and corresponding mismatch delays between neighboring node pairs, delay bounds at each of the nodes, and a frame size of the connection, wherein each neighboring node pair includes an upstream node positioned toward the source node and a downstream node positioned toward the destination node and the corresponding mismatch delay results from the mismatch in time slot boundaries between an upstream node and a downstream node.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for controlling an amount of air of a gas boiler are disclosed. Detecting section detects a flame voltage of the gas boiler to output a flame voltage value signal which represents a flame voltage value. An air supplying fan supplies air into the gas boiler. A sensing section senses a rotative velocity of the air supplying fan to output a sensing signal which represents a present rotative velocity of the air supplying fan.

Abstract: Thin film AMA and method for manufacturing the thin film AMA are disclosed. The thin film AMA has an active matrix, a supporting member, actuating parts, a reflecting member, and a flatness enhancing member. The flatness enhancing member such as the stress balancing layer or the stiffening member is formed beneath the reflecting member in order to enhance the flatness of the reflecting member without a bending of the reflecting member. Therefore, the reflecting member can have the level surface by the flatness enhancing member though the deformation stress such as residual stress is generated in the reflecting member during forming the reflecting member, so the light efficiency is enhanced and the quality of the picture projected onto the screen is increased.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus in which a bias of a focus servo circuit is adjusted so that a signal surface of an optical disc may be placed within a focus depth of a laser beam. In the apparatus for adjusting a focus bias, a characteristic variation of a focus bias is checked on the basis of a level of a reproduction signal, i.e., an RF signal, supplied from the optical pickup, and a focus bias is adjusted in response to a checked characteristic variation. Therefore, although the characteristics of the focus servo section is varied, the focus bias is optimally adjusted in response to the characteristic variation, so that an accurate focusing operation is performed.

Abstract: In an apparatus and method for encoding a binary alpha block (BAB) of binary pixels within a current frame based on the current frame and a previous frame including a plurality of BAB's, the BAB is adaptively encoded, wherein each frame has a top field and a bottom field and each BAB has a top BAB-field and a bottom BAB-field. If all of the binary pixels within a BAB within the current frame are defined either as background pixels or as object pixels, the BAB is encoded on a BAB-by-BAB basis and if otherwise, checks the binary pixels of the top BAB-field and the bottom BAB-field of the BAB. Namely, if all of the binary pixels within at least one of the top BAB-field and the bottom BAB-field are defined either as background pixels or as object pixels, it is decided to encode the BAB on a BAB-field by BAB-field basis, if otherwise, ME is performed on the top BAB-field and the bottom BAB-field based on the top field and the bottom field of the previous frame.

Abstract: In a mode coding method in encoding a binary alpha block (BAB) within a current frame based on the current frame and a previous frame including a plurality of BAB's, the BAB within the current frame is sub-sampled to generate a sample block and then a reconstructed BAB is reconstructed based on the sample block. In an intra mode, after evaluating the difference between the reconstructed BAB and the BAB, if there is no difference therebetween, a first mode signal is generated and if otherwise, a second mode signal is generated and at the same time a second error data block representing the difference is generated. In an inter mode, besides performing the process in the intra mode described above, a BAB most similar to the BAB within the current frame among the BAB's within the previous frame is detected as a predicted BAB and then the difference between the BAB and the predicted BAB is evaluated.

Abstract: A method and apparatus, for arithmetically encoding input data, initialize a codeword table with K codewords, K being an integer greater than 1 and a probability value being assigned to each codeword. First to Mth symbols are extracted from the input data and M codewords are generated based thereon, with M being an integer representing a maximum length of codewords to be registered. First L symbols of the extracted M symbols are allocated with a probability of a longest registered codeword, wherein the longest registered codeword is the same as the first L symbols and L is an integer greater than 1. Then, the generated codewords except for the registered codewords are registered at the codeword table and probability values are reassigned to the registered codewords. After registering a predetermined number of codewords, the remaining symbols are sequentially allocated with the probability values of the corresponding registered codewords.

Abstract: Bit streams are divided on a block-by-block basis based on information of bit numbers and a parity bit added to each bit stream is checked to generate a switching signal. Either each bit stream or a proximate bit stream for each bit stream is selected as an optimum bit stream based on the switching signal, wherein the proximate bit stream is generated based on degrees of proximity for reference bit streams spatially adjacent to each bit stream, and the optimum bit stream is decoded to generate decoded data on a block-by-block basis.