Abstract: An azeotropic like composition comprising 95 to 93% by weight of Flon-112 and 5 to 7% by weight of isooctane. The composition has a lower freezing point than that of Flon-112 while maintaining excellent properties of Flon-112. The composition is useful as various solvents and dispersing media such as a cleaning solvent, an extraction solvent, a dispersing medium.

Abstract: A resist film made of thiocarbonyl fluoride polymers which has excellent sensitivity, resolving power and adhesion property to a substrate and can provide a fine resist pattern. The resist pattern is produced by forming the resist film on a substrate, irradiating an ionizing radiation and developing with an organic solvent.

Abstract: This invention provides a material for gas separating membrane comprising a fluorine-containing acrylate or methacrylate polymer or a crosslinked compound of the polymer.

Abstract: Working fluids for the Rankine cycle comprising dichlorotetrafluoroethane and a member selected from the group consisting of difluoroethane and dichlorofluoromethane.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing quaternary ammonium compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.f is a fluorine-containing straight or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon or polyether group, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each a C.sub.1 -C.sub.21 straight or branched alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or alkenyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl or aralkyl group, R.sub.4 is a hydrogen atom or a acyl group, X.sup.- is an anion and n is an integer of 1 to 3, having a capability of reducing the surface tension of water and the interfacial tension between water and oil.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing copolymer comprising structural units of the formula (a):--CH.sub.2 --CHF-- (a)structural units of the formula (b): ##STR1## and structural units of the formula (c): ##STR2## wherein X is --H or --F, Y is --OH, --COOH or ##STR3## l is 0 or an integar of 1, m is 0 or an integar of 1 to 6 and n is 0 or an integer of 1 to 4, provided that Y is --COOH when n is 0. The copolymer has a good solubility to solvent and is cross-linkable, and the composition containing the copolymer can be cured at room temperature, and provides a film having an excellent chemical resistance, weatherability, stain resistance, heat resistance and high frictional electrification property.

Abstract: The invention provides fluorochlorohydrocarbon compositions containing as a stabilizer a boron compound or a boron compound and an ester of phosphorous acid. The compositions are for use as a heating medium, a foaming agent for the preparation of foamed products of plastics or the like.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing copolymer comprising chlorotrifluoroethylene, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl vinyl ether and 0 to 25% by mole of a vinyl ether having a functional group selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl group, glycidyl group and amino group. The fluorine-containing copolymer has a good compatibility with methyl methacrylate polymers and gives, in combination use with methyl methacrylate polymers, products such as coating film, self-supporting film and molded article, which have good stain resistance and transparency.The fluorine-containing copolymer is preferably an alternating copolymer comprising chlorotrifluoroethylene and 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl vinyl ether.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing benzophenone derivative of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a group of the formula: --OM (in which M is hydrogen or alkali metal), lower alkoxy, lower acyloxy, a group of the formula: ##STR2## (in which R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are same or different and hydrogen or lower alkyl) or a group of the formula: --OCH.sub.2 COOR.sup.5 (in which R.sup.5 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or alkali metal); R.sup.2 is halogen, nitro, chlorosulfonyl, sulfo, trifluoromethyl or a group of the formula: --SCF.sub.2 H; and m and n are each an integer of 1 to 4 provided that the sum of m and n is not more than 5 having selective herbicidal activities on grasses and crops.

Abstract: This invention relates to an optical material comprising a polymer which has a structural unit represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are the same or different and are each hydrogen or deuterium, and R.sup.1 is a chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a cyclic hydrocarbon group (with or without a substituted lower alkyl group) having 3 to 6 carbon atoms or a deuterium-substituted chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms in an amount of at least 5 mole % of the polymer.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing surface active composition capable reducing the surface tension of water to the interfacial tension between water and oil, which comprises (A) at least one of cationic, non-ionic and ampho-ionic surfactant showing a surface tension of not more than 25 dyne/cm when determined on a 0.01 to 1.0 % by weight aqueous solution and having at least one fluorine-containing group comprising not less than 6 carbon atoms, of which each carbon atom bears at least one fluorine atom, and (B) at least one of surfactants of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group of 4 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for preparing an .alpha.-fluoroacrylic acid ester characterized by reacting 2,2,3,3-tetrafluorooxetane, a metal halide, an alcohol and a dehalogenating agent. This invention also provides a process for preparing .alpha.-fluoroacrylic acid fluoride, CH.sub.2 .dbd.CFCOF, which is an intermediate for preparing the .alpha.-fluoroacrylic acid ester.

Abstract: A process for treating an aqueous slurry of pigment which comprises adding to the aqueous slurry a halogenated carbon medium which is in liquid state at room temperature and has at least one member selected from the group consisting of fluorine atom and chlorine atom in the molecule; agitating the aqueous slurry vigorously; separating the pigment in a form of cake containing the halogenated carbon medium; and drying the cake. According to the process of the present invention, a filtering step and a washing step can be eliminated and energy for drying can be greatly reduced. The pigment product obtained is excellent in brilliancy and clearness.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing copolymer comprising chlorotrifluoroethylene, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl vinyl ether and 0 to 25% by mole of a vinyl ether having a functional group selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, glycidyl and amino. The fluorine-containing copolymer has a good compatibility with methyl methacrylate polymers and gives, in combination with methyl methacrylate polymers, products such as coating film, self-supporting film and molded article, which have good stain resistance and transparency.

Abstract: An original plate for dry offset printing comprising a substrate suitable for preparation of an offset printing plate and a film formed on the substrate. The film consists essentially of a copolymer formed from at least 40% of a monomer of the formula: ##STR1## wherein n is an integer of 2 to 7 and R is hydrogen or methyl; and at least one other ethylenically unsaturated monomer.

Abstract: An heating drum for use in a radiant heater having a burner for the combustion of fuel, which comprises an axially corrugated barrel made of steel material and forming therein a generally cylindrical inner chamber and a plurality of annular chambers communicated with the cylindrical inner chamber and alternating with concave exterior spaces over the length thereof. The cylindrical inner chamber is defined by furrow-defining walls while each of said annular chambers is defined by a ridge-defining wall and opposedly inclined first and second annular side walls on respective sides of the associated ridge-defining wall. The barrel has one end closed and the other end adapted to seat over the burner and also has first circumferential rows of combustion gas outlet perforations, the combustion gas outlet perforations of each row being defined in at least one of the first and second annular side walls for each annular chamber.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing copolymer comprising monomeric units of(a) tetrafluoroethylene,(b) 8 to 15% by weight of hexafluoropropene on the basis of the weight of the copolymer, and(c) 0.2 to 2% by weight of a fluoroalkyl vinyl ether of the formula:CF.sub.2 .dbd.CF--O--(CF.sub.2).sub.n --CF.sub.2 X (I)wherein X is hydrogen or fluorine, and n is an integer of 3 to 9 on the basis of the weight of the copolymer, which has improved stress crack resistance, and flex resistance as well as good moldability.

Abstract: An optical material comprising a copolymer of:(1) ethylene,(2) at least one of tetrafluoroethylene and chlorotrifluoroethylene and(3) olefin having at least one fluoroalkyl group,and a cladding material as used in assembling an optical fiber which comprises the copolymer as defined in above.

Abstract: An .alpha.-fluoroalkyl carboxylic acid ester of the general formula ##STR1## wherein A is R.sup.1 R.sup.2 COR.sup.3 -- or R.sup.4 CO--, wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxyl or phenyl, with or without the formation of a common ring therebetween, R.sup.3 is hydrogen or alkyl, R.sup.4 and R are independently alkyl, and R.sub.f is fluoroalkyl. The .alpha.-fluoroalkyl carboxylic acid ester is prepared by reacting a fluoroalkyl silyl ketene acetal of the formula ##STR2## wherein R' is alkyl and R.sub.f and R are the same as defined above, with the corresponding acetal, ketone or acyl halide.

Abstract: A fluoro-resin coating composition curable at room temperature and capable of providing coatings having an improved transparency or gloss which can be maintained for a long term, as well as excellent weatherability, chemical and solvent resistances, stain resistance and adhesion to substrates, which comprises a fluorine-containing copolymer comprising vinylidene fluoride and a minor amount of a vinyl monomer having a functional group capable of causing crosslinking at room temperature in the presence of a curing agent having at least difunctionality, and an acrylic resin.