Abstract: With a transistor ignition system, in order to generate an ion current measurement signal at the secondary end, the ignition transistor, following an ignition triggering impulse, will be driven such that a saw-toothed collector current results as a primary current, and whose rate of increase is selected such that the quasi-stationary direct voltage generated hereby at the secondary end will not trigger any ignition process. The advantage is that for generating such a measurement signal as well as for its evaluation only a few components are required.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid crystalline, photo cross-linkable main-chain polymer used as interferentially effective, chromophoric substance for colored paints, in which the main mesogenic groups are disposed at least approximately in a chiral-nematic manner. An etherified cellulose ether or a mixture of several etherified cellulose ethers is used pursuant to the invention as liquid crystalline main-chain polymer or polymers wherein:the cellulose ethers have a molecular weight of 500 to 1,000,000,the anhydroglucose units of the cellulose ethers are etherified with an average degree of molar substitution of 2 to 7 with propylene oxide or ethylene oxide units (C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O- or C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O-units), andthe cellulose ethers are etherified with an average degree of molar substitution of 1.5 to 3 with unsaturated hydrocarbon groups (C.sub.r H.sub.2r-1).

Abstract: The invention provides a device for the transmission of data between two terminals in which a portion of the body of a living being completes the data transmission circuit. A first terminal is to be worn by a body of a living being, and an interface is provided for coupling of data signals into the body and/or for coupling them out of the body. A second terminal has a touch-sensitive interface by way of which, in the case of a contact by the body wearing the first terminal, it couples data signals coupled into the body out of the body and/or couples data signals into the body. According to the invention, the interface of the first terminal has a first pair of electrodes which are to be arranged at mutually spaced points of the body, and the interface of the second terminal has a second pair of touch-sensitive electrodes which are to be touched by two other mutually spaced points of the body.

Abstract: The invention relates to a charge exchange body with a large active surface as well as the method for its manufacture. The porous supporting structure of the charge exchange body is made of granular structural material, with the average diameter of the grains of the structural material being smaller than 1 .mu.m, especially smaller than 250 nm, and with the grain size differing by a maximum of 40% from its statistical average in more than 60% of the grains of the structural material. In order to make such grains, a dispersion is mixed with biochemical hollow bodies that have an inside diameter according to the above requirements. Salts are added to the dispersion and dissolve therein to form structural ions, with the structural ion being an ion of an element required for the structural material, or a corresponding compound.

Abstract: In a hydraulic valve control arrangement particularly of an internal combustion engine wherein the valve has a valve stem by which it is supported so as to be slideable between a closed and an open position and first there are provided first spring means biasing the valve in the closed position and second spring means providing an opening force which is transmitted via a valve tappet and an end of the valve tappet is received in a cylinder which is engaged by the second spring means so as to form a hydraulic force transmitting structure to which hydraulic fluid can be admitted for tensioning the second spring means. The valve tappet has a control piston received in a control chamber to which pressurized fluid is admitted which holds the control piston in either of its open or closed valve end positions and a pressure space is arranged adjacent the closed valve end positions of the control piston to which pressurized fluid can be admitted for initiating opening of the valve.

Abstract: The piezoelectric actuator consists of at least two disk-shaped congruent bending elements which each have a carrier plate made of a hard-elastic material with a layer of a piezoelectric material applied to one or both sides. Two bending elements respectively are connected with one another by way of at least two bending joints arranged on the circumference of the carrier plates.

Abstract: A circuit in which driver units are associated with data networks that are coupled through at least two single transmission channels is provided. The driver units have a logical signal input and a logical signal output on their sides facing away from the data network, with the signal input or signal output of one driver unit being connected with the signal output or signal input of the other driver unit through a signal transmission channel in each case for coupling each of two data networks. A logical coupling control unit is looped into the coupling signal transmission channels. The unit blocks the signal path to the other signal transmission channel when predetermined blocking signal information appears on one signal transmission channel. This ensures that feedback and oscillation effects are suppressed during the transmission of signals over the transmission channels. The circuit can be used for coupling CAN data networks in motor vehicles.

Abstract: The present invention discloses coated objects, such as car bodies, as well as coatings for coating such objects. In order to achieve new, hitherto unknown color effects with said coatings, at least some, and preferably only platelet-like interference pigments are mixed into the coating. When the coating is applied, the interference pigments automatically align themselves in a direction approximately parallel to the object surface. These interference pigments are made of liquid crystalline side chain polymers with a nematic and a chiral component, in which the side group mesogens are at least approximately nematic, smectic and/or cholesteric. Particularly intensive tones having a hitherto unknown brilliance may thus be obtained on a coated object, or a shimmering effect depending on the angle of incidence of light and viewing direction.

Abstract: A cylinder head cover for a direct-injecting internal-combustion engine has an injection nozzle holder arranged in the cylinder head between charge cycle valves and a clamping shoe for fixing the position of the injection nozzle holder in a receiving bore in the cylinder head. The cylinder head cover is constructed to be pulled in in the area of the injection nozzle holder and has a passage for the injection nozzle holder. The pulled-in cylinder head cover in the area of the injection nozzle holder is pulled down to the cylinder head. Starting from that area, a drainage-groove-type indentation leads to the inlet side of the internal-combustion engine.

Abstract: In a piston/liner arrangement for a reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine, wherein a piston with a skirt is axially movable in the liner, at least one of the piston skirt and the liner includes sections with an open-pore surface structure in which a lubricant with a high affinity to the material having the open-pore surfaces structure is disposed so as to form a lifetime lubrication arrangement.

Abstract: Bipolar transistor for very high frequencies having a delta-p-doped base layer and a drift zone between the base layer and an n.sup.+ -doped collector terminal layer, the drift zone, at least in a base-end region, being made of a material having a split conduction band structure which, in the drift direction, energetically favors light electrons.

Abstract: In a mounting arrangement for a fuel injector holder disposed in an injector holder recess formed in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine and held therein by a clamping pawl whose one end is seated on a support surface of the cylinder head and whose opposite forked end has engagement fingers engaging support surfaces at opposite sides of the injector holder and which is screwed onto the cylinder head for biasing the injector holder into the injector holder recess, the injector holder has a shoulder and the screw has a head with a projection extending under the shoulder for pulling the injector holder out of the injector holder recess when the screw is unscrewed from the cylinder head.

Abstract: A motor vehicle impact protection arrangement protects persons and has an impact protection device which is rendered operative in a defined protection area only when the danger of an impact is signalled. An energy-absorbing material is provided so that, when a danger of an impact has not yet been signalled, the material is situated in a closed space below the impact protection area and emerges only when the danger of an impact is signalled as an energy-absorbing impact protection device in the defined impact protection area.

Abstract: An exhaust manifold for conducting exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine including a collection pipe structure having branches with engine flanges at their ends for mounting to cylinder outlet ports of the engine and an outlet flange at the downstream end of the pipe structure for connection to an exhaust pipe. The collection pipe structure has in the area of the branches a cross-section with different diameters for first and second cross-sectional directions which are normal to each other so as to form a drop-like or oval cross-sectional area which, in a downstream direction, continuously changes until the two diameters are equal providing for a circular shape at the end of the collection pipe structure adjacent the outlet flange.

Abstract: In a fuel removal device including a fuel pickup pot for disposition in a vehicle fuel tank, the fuel pickup pot has integrally formed therewith two receptacles extending from the bottom of the pickup pot, one for receiving a filter with a fuel suction line and the other for receiving a fuel return line.

Abstract: A layer construction with an organic layer and a transparent cover layer which covers the organic layer and which is harder than the organic layer, and a process for producing such a layer construction in which the cover layer is deposited on the surface of the organic layer from a precursor material present in the gas phase. In order to improve the optical quality of the layer construction, the cover layer, at least in a transition region between the organic layer and the cover layer, is deposited with an index of refraction which differs by a maximum of 20%, in particular by a maximum of 10%, from the index of refraction of the underlying organic layer.

Abstract: In an electromagnetic operating mechanism for a gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine wherein two control magnets are arranged in spaced relationship above the valve and an armature is axially movably disposed between the control magnets and and actuator rod extends from the armature through one of the control magnets to engage the valve, two compression springs are arranged outside the control magnets in opposition to one another, one engaging the valve so as to bias it toward a valve closing position and the other engaging the actuator rod so as to bias it into a valve opening direction and into engagement with the valve.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for dynamically adjusting the power of an electric driving unit of a vehicle which is supplied with electric energy by a fuel cell, the power of the fuel cell or the provided fuel cell current being controlled by means of the supplied air volume flow. The air volume flow is adjusted by the rotational speed of a compressor, a desired rotational speed value being predetermined for the compressor based on an accelerator pedal demand. Simultaneously, based on the measured air flow volume, the actually available fuel cell current is determined and therefrom a corrected accelerator pedal demand is determined. During the starting operation, the accelerator pedal demand is supplied directly to the driving unit, whereas, at higher rotational speeds, it is limited by the corrected accelerator pedal demand.