Abstract: A method of determining the cetane number of a fuel in an internal combustion engine comprising, during running of the engine, i) with respect to one cylinder, performing a routine including a series of injections such that for each injection a quantity of fuel is injected into the cylinder, and during the routine varying the angle at which the injections takes place with respect to crankshaft angle; ii) measuring engine speed at intervals during the series of injections and determining values for changes in engine speed consequent to the injections; iii) determining cetane number from a pre-stored relationship relating the cetane number to changes in engine speed consequent to changes in the test injection angle.

Abstract: A fuel injector includes a collar, which may be formed of a porous, sintered material, the collar being located around the needle and allowing a restricted fluid pathway, such as orifices through the collar, between first and second volumes of fuel, the collar being located in a section of the nozzle body which has a greater cross-sectional area than the rest of the bore.

Abstract: A system includes an exhaust system fluidly configured to define an exhaust stream. A sensor is arranged in the exhaust system and is configured to be exposed to the exhaust stream and accumulate particulate matter on the sensor. The sensor provides a signal that varies based upon an amount of particulate matter on the sensor. A control system is in communication with the sensor. The control system includes a controller configured to calculate a differential of a conductance signal related to the signal, compare consecutive differentials to identify an erroneous differential in an abnormal signal based upon an anomaly relating to the accumulation of the particulate matter, and reconstruct the abnormal signal by correcting the erroneous differential to produce a corrected, decimated conductance signal. The control system is configured to determine a total accumulated particulate matter adjusted for the anomaly.

Abstract: A method of quantifying a particulate matter in an exhaust stream includes the steps of accumulating a particulate matter on a sensor. The sensor provides a signal that varies based upon an amount of the particulate on the sensor. The sensor includes a measurement cycle that includes a deadband zone, followed by an active zone, which is followed by a regeneration zone. The particulate matter is calculated after an end of the deadband zone is reached and prior to an end of the measurement cycle.

Abstract: A hydraulic head assembly includes a hydraulic head and an adaptor. The hydraulic head has a first bore and a pumping chamber. The adapter has a second bore. The adapter is connected to the hydraulic head such that the first and second bores are disposed coaxially to form a pumping element bore. A pumping element is disposed within the first and second bores for pressurizing fuel in the pumping chamber. A first seal is formed between the pumping element and the hydraulic head; and a second seal is formed between the pumping element and the adapter.

Abstract: A control valve for controlling the movement of a needle of a fuel injector includes a coil which is attached to a housing of the injector, which housing engages with an armature which can be moved between an open position and a closed position. The armature includes a magnetic plate, through the center of which a rod, which forms a valve piston, extends perpendicularly to the plate to a remote end. The piston slides into a bore in the injector housing, the movements of the armature and of the piston opening or closing channels in which pressurized fuel flows. The armature is provided with a device for quickly discharging the fuel which is captive between the coil and the plate.

Abstract: A filter for an aqueous solution, such as urea, of a diesel vehicle selective catalytic reduction system, includes a housing provided with an inlet and with an outlet and, inside which, is arranged a filter element. Variations in volume associated with changes in phase of the aqueous solution are detected and a switch which switches upon changes in phase of the aqueous solution signals the variations in volume.

Abstract: A fuel pump includes a housing provided with an axial bore defining a compression chamber. The pump is further provided with a cylindrical piston slidably arranged in the bore, the piston extending from a top extremity that is inside the bore, defining a high pressure extremity, to a lower extremity, defining a low pressure extremity. The piston is able to reciprocally slide between a lower position where fuel at low pressure enters the compression chamber via an inlet and, a top position where fuel present in the compression chamber is pressurized before being expelled via an outlet. The piston is also provided with a recess surrounded by a peripheral wall arranged on its high pressure extremity, the recess and peripheral wall enabling the piston to expand radially when fuel in the compression chamber is pressurized.

Abstract: A GDCI engine recirculates exhaust gases to a combustion chamber using desired early injection parameters for a steady state engine operation from a controller. An engine control system detects a load increase relative to the steady state engine operation, and insufficient recirculated exhaust gases to the combustion chamber are delivered in response to the detected load increase as a result of transport delays. A last fuel injection into the combustion chamber during an engine cycle with multiple fuel injections is delayed as compared to the steady state engine operation. Combustion phasing within the combustion chamber is retarded in response to the delayed injection.

Abstract: A fuel pump unit includes a pump head provided with an axial blind bore within which is arranged a piston extending from an inner end, inside the bore, to an outer end, outside the head, the outer end cooperating with a cam follower and a cam of which rotations reciprocally displace the piston. The pump unit also includes a coil spring axially compressed between pump head and the cam follower and a tubular turret assembly extending toward the cam and provided with a through bore through which extends the piston, the final spirals of the spring being slipped around the outer surface of the turret. The turret is an added part, non-integral to the pump head and, arranged in abutment against an under face of the pump head, the blind bore being coaxial to the through bore arranged in the turret.

Abstract: A NO2 gas sensing element includes an electrolyte, a reference electrode in contact with the electrolyte, and a sensing electrode selective to NO2 in contact with the electrolyte spaced apart from the reference electrode. The NO2 selective sensing electrode includes an oxide material comprising: (1) a mixed oxide according to the formula (Mn2-u-v-wCovMgwSiO4-u)+?(Mn3Al2Si3O12)+?(SiO2), wherein 0?(u+v+w)?2.0, 0???0.5, and 0???0.1; (2) a mixed oxide according to the formula (Mn2-x-y-zCoyMgzSiO4-x)+?(ZnO)+?(SiO2), wherein 0?(u+v+w)?2.0, 0???0.5, and 0???0.1; or combinations of mixed oxides (1) and (2).

Abstract: A high pressure fuel pump unit includes a pump head where an inlet channel opens into a low-pressure chamber itself in fluid communication with a compression chamber. A valve is arranged so that when it is closed the fuel fills the low-pressure chamber and when the valve opens the fuel flows from the low-pressure chamber into the compression chamber. The pump head also includes a resilient member arranged so that when the valve is closed, the resilient member deforms to increase the volume of the low pressure chamber. When the valve opens, the fuel flows into the compression chamber, pushed by the resilient member which takes back its original shape.

Abstract: A control valve assembly for controlling fuel pressure in a control chamber of a fuel injector. The control valve assembly comprising a valve member arranged in a bore provided in a valve housing, at least one of the valve member and the valve housing being moveable with respect to the other, wherein the valve member comprises a fuel-receiving cavity arranged to receive fuel that distorts at least a portion of the valve member so as to increase an external dimension thereof.

Abstract: A GDCI engine control system includes a heated catalyst in an engine exhaust port that is in close proximity to a combustion chamber and is used to heat rebreathed exhaust gases. The engine more quickly reaches operating temperatures, and emissions are reduced during cold running.

Abstract: A rocker arm includes an outer arm defining a stop aperture with a stop surface; an inner arm which selectively pivots relative to the outer arm; a latching mechanism which switches the rocker arm between a coupled state in which the inner arm is prevented from pivoting relative to the outer arm in a first direction and a decoupled state in which the inner arm pivots relative to the outer arm; a lost motion spring which biases the inner arm to pivot relative to the outer arm in a second direction which is opposite from the first direction; and a stop pin fixed to the inner arm and extending into the stop aperture such that the stop pin is circumferentially surrounded by the stop surface and such that the stop pin within the stop aperture limits the extent to which the inner arm pivots relative to the outer arm.

Abstract: A fuel injection equipment for an internal combustion engine is piloted by a central electronic unit, the equipment includes a piloted low pressure pump drawing the fuel from a low pressure tank and sending the fuel toward a piloted inlet valve controlling the inlet of a high pressure pump which pressurizes the fuel and sends it pressurized toward a manifold to which is connected at least one injector. The equipment also includes a high pressure accumulator, distinct from the manifold, and a piloted high pressure valve in fluid communication between the outlet of the high pressure pump and the manifold so that the high pressure accumulator stores and delivers pressurized fuel to the manifold.

Abstract: A fluid pump includes a housing; an outlet; an inlet plate within the housing and having an inlet; an outlet plate disposed within the housing and having an outlet plate outlet passage; an electric motor which rotates about an axis; a pumping arrangement rotationally coupled to the electric motor such that rotation of the pumping arrangement causes fluid to be pumped from the inlet to the outlet plate outlet passage and through the outlet; a diverter plate between the outlet plate outlet passage and the electric motor and having a diverter passage which provides fluid communication from the outlet plate outlet passage, past the electric motor, to the outlet, the diverter plate also having an imperforate wall which is axially aligned with the outlet plate outlet passage such that the imperforate wall laterally directs fluid from the outlet passage to the diverter passage.

Abstract: A system for controlling the combustion behavior of an engine is provided. The engine is equipped with a plurality of control subsystems that influence combustion in the engine. The system includes a controller configured to receive a plurality of inputs, to determine a desired subsystem states to operate the engine, and to determine a target value for each of a plurality of control parameters, wherein the target values for one or more control parameters depends on the values of the plurality of inputs. The controller is further configured to communicate the target values of control parameters to the control subsystems.

Abstract: An illustrative embodiment of a fuel injector control system includes a driver that is configured to supply electrical power to a fuel injector. A controller is configured to control the driver according to a predetermined sequence of states for an injection cycle. The plurality of predefined states each include parameters for supplying electrical power to a fuel injector. Each of the states has a corresponding plurality of test parameters. At least one of the test parameters is a target parameter for the state. During each of the states, the controller determines whether at least one of the test parameters is met and determines how to control the driver for a subsequent portion of the injection cycle based on which of the test parameters is met.

Abstract: An ignition coil includes a magnetically-permeable core; a primary winding disposed outward of the core; a secondary winding disposed outward of the primary winding, inductively coupled to the primary winding, and terminating at one end thereof in a low-voltage end and terminates at another end thereof in a high-voltage which is electrically connected directly to a terminal through an electrically conductive polymer; and a case defining an interior having an interior surface such that the core, the primary winding, and the secondary winding are received within the interior of the case such that the at least one of the low-voltage end and the high-voltage end, the terminal, and the electrically conductive polymer are disposed within the recess and such that the electrically conductive polymer is in direct contact with the interior surface within the recess.