Abstract: An improved, compact and low-maintenance respiration humidifier of a simple design is proposed, which has an outer jacket with a water feed as well as a breathing gas feed line and breathing gas drain line and contains a bundle of hydrophobic hollow fibers. The breathing gas feed line and the breathing gas drain line are in a gas flow connection with the interior of the hollow fibers. The hollow fibers preferably include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and have structure for electrical heating on their outer, water-side circumferential surface.

Abstract: A system for measuring the concentration of gases using gas-selective indicator substances in a chip-like carrier (1) with an optoelectronic scanning device (2). The chip-like carrier (2) has composite partial elements (3, 4) wherein one partial element (3) contains channels (5) for guiding the gas in the carrier (1), and another partial element (4) has at least one multireflection element (6) for guiding light. Each multireflection element (6) is provided with a layer (7) with indicator substances, which layer faces the gases to be measured and reacts with same in a gas-selective manner. The optoelectronic scanning device (2) has at least one radiation source (21) with an associated radiation detector (22), which are in optical functional connection with each multireflection element (6).

Abstract: A filling adapter is provided for connecting a reservoir filled with a liquid with a metering device, which filling adapter has a liquid-specific connection piece for the reservoir. A code device is provided, detectable by the metering device, at least for the liquid contained in the reservoir. The code device is provided on the filling adapter in the connection area between the filling adapter and the metering device.

Abstract: A process for enriching substance emissions released from an object in the form of gases, vapors or aerosols, wherein the substance emissions are fed to an adsorption layer by diffusion or penetration and are enriched in the adsorption layer. The substance emission of an object is selectively detected according to the present invention by the adsorption layer being fixed on the surface of the object emitting pollutant, which surface is to be analyzed, by means of an adhesive tape projecting over the adsorption layer on all sides to offer adhesive surfaces for application to the object and to hermetically seal the adsorption layer against the ambient air. A nondestructive adsorption system is also provided, with direct or immediately following analysis for the rapid qualitative and/or quantitative determination of pollutants (e.g., gases, vapors, dusts) by means of a chemical or biological reaction, in which, e.g.

Abstract: A supply unit for supplying a workplace with electricity and/or gaseous media, with a first, vertically extending supply duct and a second, vertically extending supply duct, wherein the electricity and the media are led to connections on at least one of the supply ducts. From these connections the workplace is supplied and improved such that the ergonomically most favorable arrangement of the supply tubes and electric lines leading to the connections will be possible. This object is accomplished by a section of the side surfaces having an angle of inclination less than 90.degree. in relation to the base such that the ends of the side surfaces pointing away from the base can be connected at a common junction. The connections are arranged exclusively on the outer side surfaces and that the distance between the supply ducts is such that the workplace can be brought into the space between the supply ducts.

Abstract: A filter for an electrochemical measuring cell with a filter housing and a filter material contained therein is improved, with a simple design, such that interfering gas components cannot reach the measuring cell from the gas mixture. This is accomplished by the filter housing being formed of a porous, gas-permeable material.

Abstract: A device for calibrating a gas meter, in which gas to be analyzed is introduced into a measuring chamber by a delivery device via a delivery line. A storage tank is provided containing a calibrating substance, which tank is connected to the measuring chamber via a feed line. The storage tank is designed as a tank through which the gas to be analyzed can flow and has a gas inlet. A flow divider is provided in the course of the delivery line. A partial flow of the gas to be analyzed is sent by the flow divider to the gas inlet via a section of the feed line. The gas meter is an electrochemical measuring cell determining a measured concentration value of the calibrating substance in the gas to be analyzed in the measuring chamber. An infrared meter is provided, which evaluates the gas to be analyzed in the measuring chamber and generates a reference measured concentration value for the measured concentration value determined with the electrochemical measuring cell.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an electrochemical measuring cell to detect different gas components. The measuring cell includes several measuring electrodes (12, 15, 18) and a counter electrode 30 in an aqueous electrolyte 3. The measuring cell is improved with respect to the selectivity of the detection of the different gaseous components. A step-like offset 34 is provided between one of the measuring electrodes 12 and another measuring electrode 15.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for determining the portion of a gaseous or vaporous component in a gas mixture utilizing a detecting substance which can enter into a chemical reaction with the component to produce a coloration of the detecting substance and utilizing a device for evaluating the coloration. The method includes the steps of: passing the gas mixture at a constant volume flow through a channel containing the detecting substance; detecting a reflectance signal I(t) within a defined spatially fixed length segment of the channel; determining a slope .DELTA.I/.DELTA.t at the start of the chemical reaction during a time interval .DELTA.t in which the detecting substance is present in excess; determining a saturation reflectance signal I.sup.100% toward the end of the chemical reaction which corresponds to an almost complete chemical conversion of the detecting substance within the length segment; and, determining a normalized slope in correspondence to the formal relationship: .DELTA.I/(I.sup.

Abstract: A safety filling device for filling a liquid anesthetic into a reservoir of an anesthetic-metering device with a receiving device, which has an inlet opening for a coupling piece or a closing piece. An essentially rigid guide lever is provided in the connection area between the receiving device and the closing piece. A hinge connection is provided which makes possible an axial displaceability of the guide lever within the inlet opening and a rotary movement of the guide lever outside the inlet opening.

Abstract: In incubator 1 for tomographic examinations includes a patient section 2 and a supply section 3 which extends from the patient section 2. The patient section includes a cylindrically-shaped double wall section made of transparent plastic. The supply section 3 includes a venturi nozzle 13 which functions to generate a difference pressure and simultaneously supplies air and oxygen. The supply section 3 also includes a heater 14 which is preferably combined with an air humidifier 15 outputting water vapor as well as input and output openings to and from the patient section 2 to ensure a circulating air and oxygen supply in the incubator 1 while at the same time emitting a gas portion to the ambient through openings 20.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for adjusting the respirating pressure during respirating phases in a ventilating apparatus. The method is improved by providing for a volume-controlled ventilation under the conditions of pressure-controlled ventilation as well as allowing for self-respiratory activity. The method includes the steps of: fixing a respirating volume desired value V.sub.TS and an inhalation pressure desired value P.sub.IS ; actuating the inhalation valve during inhalation in a first inhalation stroke to adjust the inhalation pressure P.sub.I to the inhalation pressure desired value P.sub.IS ; comparing the respiratory volume V.sub.T to the respirating volume desired value V.sub.TS and, if the respirating volume V.sub.T is less than the respirating volume desired value V.sub.TS, then, during the next inhalation stroke following the first inhalation stroke, incrementally increasing the inhalation pressure desired value P.sub.IS by a pressure increment .DELTA.P until the respirating volume V.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a measuring method for determining the concentration of a gas in a measurement sample with the aid of a combined measuring apparatus. The measuring apparatus includes a first infrared optical gas analyzer 1 as well as a second gas analyzer 2, which contains an electrochemical measuring cell 13. The measuring result of the electrochemical measuring cell 13 functions to correct the concentration, which is determined by the infrared optical gas analyzer 1, when the infrared optical reference measurement has already been performed on a measurement sample with this measuring sample not being free of the substance to be detected.

Abstract: An electrochemical gas sensor with at least two electrodes, with an electrode holder and with an electrolyte in a housing made of an electrolyte-impermeable material is improved in terms of its ease of handling and durability, without compromising the quality of the measurement. The otherwise closed housing has only one inlet capillary and outlet capillary each for the gas to be measured. A heater is provided which forms a gap with the working electrode arranged above the inlet and outlet capillaries. The heater is arranged in the housing in the flow path between the inlet and outlet capillaries. The gas sensor may be designed in the form of a miniaturized, chip-like component.

Abstract: An optical gas analyzer for measuring the percentage of components in a gas phase by IR absorption, containing a power source, a measuring path containing the gas sample, a photoelectric receiver with an evaluation circuit arranged downstream of it, which receiver detects the IR radiation from the measuring path, and a plurality of filters, which can be introduced one after another into the beam path at a predetermined filter change frequency f, wherein measured signals belonging to the filters are sent by the receiver due to the radiation extinction in the measuring path, is to be improved such that different components in the gas sample can be detected in a simple manner and at good selectivity.

Abstract: The combination of the invention includes a mouthpiece 1 and a sample-taking system 8 for analyzing a gas sample. The mouthpiece 1 has a flow resistor 5 in the exhalation direction and a sample-taking connecting element 6 for the gas sample to be analyzed. The sample-taking system 8 has a pump and a through-flow measuring device 13. The pump pumps the sample gas flow from the sample-taking connecting element via a sample line 9 into a measuring chamber 15 of an analyzer 16. The combination is improved in such a manner that calibration is made possible with a calibrating gas flow greatly reduced compared to the flow of gas to be measured. This is achieved in that the sample-taking connecting element 6 is connected to the mouthpiece 1 forward of the flow resistor 5 viewed in the exhalation direction. The sample line 9 includes a flow throttle 11 in through-flow direction and an outlet opening 12 opening to the ambient.

Abstract: The invention relates to a calibrating gas generator for generating a calibrating gas with a pregiven concentration of a calibrating gas component. The calibrating gas generator includes two vessels through which gas can flow. These two vessels contain the calibrating gas component in a calibrating solution and are connected in series. The temperature of the calibrating solution is controlled to a constant value by a temperature control apparatus. In order to improve the constancy of temperature, one of the vessels is arranged at least partially within the other vessel and this other vessel is configured, at least in part, as a heat insulating jacket for the one vessel.

Abstract: A method for determining the portion of an electrochemically detectable substance in a gas sample includes the steps of introducing the gas sample into an electrochemical measuring cell 1 and generating a measurement curve i(t) by the electrochemical conversion of the substance in the measuring cell 1. The measuring curve i(t) increases from a reference line to a maximum value i.sub.max and drops back again to the reference line. Then, the maximum value i.sub.max and an area A below the measuring curve i(t) are determined. The area A is proportional to the portion of the substance in the gas sample. The method is improved in that a new measurement value is made available after a short time. This is achieved in that the maximum value i.sub.n max and the area A.sub.n of a previous measurement are compared to each other and a proportionality factor K.sub.n is determined. The proportionality factor K.sub.n is given by the ratio of the area A.sub.n to the maximum value i.sub.

Abstract: Highly selective monoclonal antibodies for pyrethrins and pyrethroids which, in their function as pesticides, contain a phenoxybenzyl and/or a cyclopropane component. The number of pyrethroids which can be selectively detected is increased and the possibility of differentiating among the various pyrethrins, pyrethroids and their metabolites is possible. An easy-to-use test kit detects pyrethrins and pyrethroids.A conjugate of a metabolite of the pyrethrins/pyrethroids (especially permethric acid or phenoxybenzoic acid) is coupled as hapten to a carrier protein to obtain the immunogen, which is used for immunization and for the subsequent cloning of suitable hybridomas.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an electrochemical measuring cell 1 for detecting different gas components. The electrochemical measuring cell includes several measuring electrodes (8, 12, 13), a common counter electrode 21 and a common reference electrode 20 in an aqueous electrolyte 3. The measuring electrodes each include a diffusion membrane (7, 11) and individual diaphragms (9, 14) limiting the inflow of gas to the individual measuring electrodes (8, 12). The diffusion membranes (7, 11) cover the measuring electrodes (8, 12, 13). The measuring cell 1 is so improved that the selectivity of the detection of different gas components is improved. An electrolyte barrier 19 is provided at least between one of the measuring electrodes 8 and the remaining measuring electrodes (12, 13). The electrolyte barrier 19 prevents lateral diffusion within the diffusion membrane (7, 11).