Abstract: One or more reaction zones, formed as channels into a carrier, are each lined with a color indicator. This carrier is improved so that the reaction zones can be coated with the required indicators with uniform coating thickness. The coating can be individually changed and can be easily provided. The above is achieved with a carrier which is subdivided into an upper part and a lower part and a sandwich-like composite foil is held between these parts. A reagent carrier foil of the composite foil is provided with the reaction zones and is covered with a channel foil which delimits the reaction zones to have a channel-like shape. An especially advantageous configuration for the reaction zones is provided by an aperture matrix in which carrier spherules are accommodated. The carrier spherules are impregnated with the indicator.

Abstract: A laser spectrometer suitable for detecting gas components in a test sample in the ultraviolet range. The measuring laser radiation (2) is sent to a nonlinear crystal (20, 40, 41), which increases the nominal laser frequency to the frequency that corresponds to the absorption wavelength of the measured gas. Tripling of the frequency takes place either after passage of the radiation through a single nonlinear crystal (20), or by mixing a frequency-doubled laser beam with the measuring laser radiation (2) in a common, second nonlinear crystal (41).

Abstract: One or more reaction zones are formed as channels in a carrier. Each reaction zone is lined with a color indicator and the carrier is improved in that a coating of the reaction zone is realized wherein the coatings are individually changeable and the coating is easily carried out with uniform coating density and, if required, with different indicators. This is achieved with a carrier which is configured as a sandwich-like composite foil which includes a reagent carrier foil which, in turn, is made of a special plastic material. This plastic material can be perfluoroethylene propylene (FEF) which is surface treated by a corona discharge and is then known as FEPc. An especially advantageous embodiment for the reaction zones on the reaction carrier foil is that the reaction partners are applied to the reagent carrier foil in the form of a point matrix applied by a microdrop generator.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for controlling the operating parameters of an incubator influencing the thermal metabolism of an infant placed in the incubator. The method provides that the control takes place based on the complete defined thermal metabolism of the infant. For this purpose, at least two of four temperature sensors are present for different temperature zones referred to the body of the patient, namely, a sensor for the measurement of the temperature of the main organs, for the measurement of the skin temperature, for the measurement of the temperature of the periphery of the body and for the measurement of the ambient temperature. The output values of the sensors are supplied to a data processing unit which contains a first multi-dimensional table. This table includes table elements comprising condition desired values determined from experience.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an apparatus for optically evaluating colorimetric coloration zones automatically wherein not only a single testing tube but also a plurality of reaction zones applied one behind the other to a common carrier can be evaluated. The least quantity of indicator substances for the coloration zones is used and an adequate signal intensity with the least possible consumption of power for the optical signal evaluation is attained. At the same time, the sensitivity to faults is reduced. Such an apparatus includes transmission as well as receiving units on a common mounting carrier. The light of the transmitting unit is conducted via a light conductor through the region of the reagent carrier which is transmittent and the coloration of the channel-shaped reaction zones of the carrier is detected in transmission and reflectance.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an apparatus for determining the component of paramagnetic substances such as oxygen. This determination is made with a magnetic field source and an even number arrangement of magnetic field cores, with each field core being surrounded by a measuring field coil for detecting the magnetic changing field generated by a rotatable cuvette. The apparatus is improved in that the formation of the magnetic stray fields is reduced and the component of the magnetic flux which is effective for measurement and which passes through the cuvette is increased. For this purpose, the cuvette is mounted in the housing of the apparatus in such a manner that its rotational plane partitions the housing into two component regions. The magnetic field source is arranged in one component region and the magnetic field cores and the measuring field coils corresponding thereto are arranged in the other component region of the housing.

Abstract: A method of controlling the operating parameters of an apparatus for maintaining the temperature of prematures and newborns is improved in that the operating parameters are determined based on a precise definition of the thermal condition of the patient and that information as to the bodily well-being based on determined sensor actual values for controlling the operating parameters are applied. For solving this task, the control takes place basically with the aid of at least two temperature sensors which measure the core temperature and the peripheral temperature, respectively, of the patient. The logic combination of the temperature signals takes place in such a manner that, in addition to the absolute temperature of one of the two sensors, the temperature difference between the two temperature sensors is simultaneously applied. In this way, it is possible for the first time that the thermal well-being of the patient is applied for controlling the incubator parameters and not only a single temperature.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an electrochemical cell for measuring ammonia, amines, hydrazine and hydrazine derivatives and includes a measuring electrode in an electrolyte. The measuring electrode is provided with a coating made of a transition metal oxide and is improved in that its measuring sensitivity during long-term loading is increased. The cross sensitivity of the measuring cell is reduced especially with respect to NO.sub.2 and SO.sub.2. For this purpose, the oxide constituents of the coating are made of a metal conducting oxide of one element or an oxide mixture of several elements of the platinum metal group. Oxides of ruthenium and iridium have proven especially useful. The invention is also directed to an electrochemical measuring cell for measuring ammonia or hydrazine and includes at least a measuring electrode and a counter electrode in an electrolyte. The measuring cell provides a signal increase having a shorter response time and an improved signal stability.

Abstract: The invention relates to a chemical oxygen generator having a chemical charge arranged within a housing. This chemical charge is brought to an exothermal oxygen-releasing reaction by an ignition device with the reaction running through the chemical charge in the form of a reaction front defining a surface and starting from the ignition-end wall of the housing. The oxygen generator has at least one reaction-control member arranged within the chemical charge. In one embodiment, the reaction-control member is disposed transversely to the direction of movement of the reaction front and overlaps a part of the surface of the reaction front. In another embodiment, the reaction-control member extends parallelly to the direction of movement of the reaction front. The oxygen generator of the invention is improved in that the oxygen flow and the duration of supply can be influenced beyond that obtained with a purely geometric extension of the reaction path.

Abstract: A gas ratio control device for anesthetic apparatus with an anesthetic gas feed line 1, which has a control valve 12 and a first measuring resistance 6, and an oxygen feed line 2 with a second measuring resistance 10, wherein the differential pressure determined from the measuring resistances is sent to a proportional member 13 for regulating oxygen feed to anesthetic gas feed. So oxygen concentration will not drop below a minimum oxygen concentration value in the case of anesthetics to be metered at both low and high doses, one of the measuring resistances 6, 10 can be replaced or bridged over with a bypass line 14, which contains a throttle point 15 (FIG. 1).

Abstract: A sensor detects analytes in a fluid medium by measuring the conductivity of a layer on a carrier with the layer contacting an electrode pair. The layer interacts with the analyte and is improved in that the sensor has a long-term stability and the indication provided by the sensor is completely reversible. The layer is a fullerene layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for quantitatively determining a gas component of a gas flow and an apparatus therefor. The apparatus includes a testing conduit having a throttle through which the gas flow flows. A sample conduit leading to the gas inlet of a gas sensor branches away from the testing conduit upstream of the throttle. The apparatus further includes a pressure sensor connected to the sample conduit, a valve connected to a gas outlet of the gas sensor and a control unit. The method of the invention is improved in that a defined quantity of gas can be supplied to the sensor without a pump being required. An improvement is achieved in that the control unit is so configured that: in a first step, the valve is opened; the gas volume is determined in a second step by computing the time integral of the signal of the pressure sensor; and, in a third step, the valve is closed after the throughflow of a pregiven gas volume or after a pregiven time duration has elapsed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a chemical oxygen generator having a chemical charge arranged within a housing. This chemical charge is brought to an exothermal oxygen-releasing reaction by an ignition device with the reaction running through the chemical charge in the form of a reaction front defining a surface and starting from the ignition-end wall of the housing. The oxygen generator has at least one reaction-control member arranged within the chemical charge. A generator of this kind is improved in that the oxygen flow and the supply duration can be influenced by the material and/or the shape of the reaction-control member. The improvement is achieved in that one or more reaction-control members made of sheet metal are arranged parallel to the direction of movement of the reaction front. As an alternative, the reaction-control member can be configured in the form of a spiral conveyor which is made of sheet metal or a thermally-insulating material.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for controlling the operating parameters determining the thermal metabolism of a premature or newborn disposed in an incubator. These operating parameters include the incubator air temperature and the incubator humidity. The method is improved in such a manner that the adjustment of the parameters is coupled to the combination thereof optimizing the thermal metabolism without the necessity of a complex multiple step adjustment for each individual parameter. The method is characterized in that a primary control circuit for controlling the first parameter supplies the actual value corresponding thereto as a control parameter to a logic generator which determines a sequence value by means of a logic function. This sequence value is conducted to a secondary circuit as a desired value for the adjustment of the second parameter.

Abstract: An electrochemical measuring cell has a three-electrode system including electrode, counter electrode and reference electrode in an electrolyte. The measuring cell has an additive promoting the electrochemical reaction and is selective and highly sensitive for the detection of hydrogen halides and also provides a stable measuring signal. A measuring cell of this kind has an additive of tetrachloroauric acid in the electrolyte for detecting hydrochloric acid with all electrodes being made of gold. The counter electrode is protected by a cation exchange membrane to provide a further improvement.

Abstract: A coupling device for establishing a detachable connection for a tube system is to be improved so that while simple detachability of the pipe socket and tube is guaranteed, the pulling-off force is equivalent to firm clamping. To accomplish the task, a sleeve-like coupling box 7 is provided, which surrounds the tube 5 in a clamp-like manner and, for fixation on the pipe socket 2, it has, on the inside, a circumferential notch 8, into which two oppositely arranged projecting parts 4 of the pipe socket 2 snap. The coupling box 7 expands under the effect of a force acting laterally, so that the projecting parts 4 will disengage from the notch 8.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a measuring cell for electrochemically detecting a gas sample and has at least one measuring electrode and one counter electrode disposed in a housing defining a chamber filled with an electrolyte. The measuring cell also includes a protective disc which is at least partially permeable and is improved so that the configuration of the measuring cell is substantially simpler and is of reduced volume without reducing the ion mobility in the electrolyte and with a significant supply of the electrolyte. The counter electrode is in the form of a layer and is applied to a region of the protective disc facing toward the electrolyte. This region is impermeable to the gas sample and to the electrolyte. The counter electrode is further electrically insulated from the measuring electrode and is in permanent contact with the electrolyte. Only the measuring electrode and the diffusion membrane are applied to a region of the protective disc which is permeable to the gas sample.

Abstract: A detecting device in the form of a testing tube or dosimeter having a carrier indicating a color reaction requires a reagent liquid for carrying out a measurement. The reagent liquid is contained in a separate reagent supply vessel and the carrier is impregnated with a color indicator. For carrying out a measurement, the reagent supply from the supply vessel must be brought into contact with the porous carrier. A uniform wetting of the surface of the carrier subjected to the reagent solution is achieved after the reagent solution is emptied from the supply vessel. This is achieved by providing a reagent collection chamber between the carrier and the reagent supply vessel into which the reagent solution pours when the supply vessel is opened and wherein the reagent solution is accommodated and into which the carrier extends so that its end face is subjected to the reagent solution so that this end face can be wetted at the same time.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for recognizing the respiratory phases of a patient for controlling a ventilating apparatus. The time-dependent trace of a signal, which represents the respiratory flow curve and is emitted by a signal device, is determined and from this trace, a trigger criterium is obtained for the switchover of the ventilating apparatus from the expiration phase into the inspiration phase and/or from the inspiration phase into the expiration phase. The method is improved in that even for chronically obstructive patients, a reliable and early recognition of the inspiration and expiration attempts is possible. A significant increase of the slope of the respiratory flow curve between each two zero crossovers of this curve is used as a trigger criterium.

Abstract: A respirator for emergency oxygen supply for passengers in aircraft, with a mounting container (1), which can be closed with a lid (2), is fastened above the row of seats, and accommodates at least one breathing mask and an exothermic chemical oxygen generator (3) connected to the breathing mask in a holder (4, 5). The pivotability of the lid of the mounting container is improved by rigidly arranging the holder on the mounting container (1) such that it permits the oxygen generator (3) to change its place by pivoting in the case of use.