Abstract: An ink composition or system for writing instruments constructed with a polyester fiber reservoir and a porous oriented fiber nib. This ink system will write on both black and white surfaces. On black surfaces, it will reveal itself as being opaque and metallic almost iridescent in appearance. On white surfaces, a tint of color is observed with distinct flecks of silver. The ink system is composted of water as a carrier, a permanent water-based binder, a colored pigmented permanent water-based dispersion of sub-micron particle size, a unique aluminum dispersion of specific particle size in a special carrier, a humectant, a surfactant that lowers surface tension, an anti-settling additive, a preservative and a base acting as a pH adjuster.

Abstract: A process for making a bleaching clay composition useful for purification of oil is disclosed. The process involves controlled acidification of a palygorskite and smectite clay mineral with sulfuric acid. The clay mineral starting material exhibits, in an aqueous slurry, an electrical conductivity of at least about 50 microSiemens per centimeter.

Abstract: A cellulose-based, clumpable animal litter features reduced water activity at cost-effective product moisture levels. The composition includes cellulosic granules and clay particles present in an amount up to 40 weight percent, but sufficient to give the litter composition a packaging-compatible water activity.

Abstract: A cellulose-based animal litter product effective in the control of odors generated by animal wastes is disclosed. Selected cellulosic granules containing mineral filler are contacted with a bactericide to produce a bactericide impregnated cellulosic litter which is useful as a pet box litter. The cellulosic litter can also contain an organic clumping agent or an inorganic clumping agent, or both.

Abstract: A substantially dust-free, inert absorbent derived from clay is described. Raw clay having strong surface acidity sites is combined with a metal salt, then heat treated to produce vitrified clay granules suitable as a carrier for labile chemical or biological materials.

Abstract: A clumping animal litter utilizing the interparticle interaction of a swelling clay, such as sodium bentonite, in combination with a non-swelling clay material. Preferably, sixty percent (60%) by weight, or less, composition of sodium bentonite is used after the judicious selection of particle size distribution such that the mean particle size of the non-swelling clay material is greater than the mean particle size of the sodium bentonite. In addition, an organic clumping agent, such as a pregelatinized corn starch can be combined with the sodium bentonite/clay mixture to enhance clumping properties.

Abstract: A sulfuric acid-containing clay-based litter product useful in the control of ammonia generated by decaying excrement in poorly ventilated poultry brooding houses is provided. Raw clay is contacted with sulfuric acid to produce an acidulated clay which is then applied to the poultry brooding house floor in an amount sufficient to provide from about 0.0175 pounds of sulfuric acid to about 0.0875 pounds of sulfuric acid per square foot of poultry brooding house floor.

Abstract: High performance acid activated clays suitable for bleaching oil are produced by contacting an intercalating clay mineral with a strong acid in a polar organic liquid.

Abstract: An improved, fast-clumping animal litter which substantially immediately upon wetting with aqueous liquid forms a clump of durable clump strength for removal from the unwetted litter substantially immediately or within hours. The inventive animal litter includes particulate non-swelling clay, swelling clay and starch. A preferred animal litter utilizes pregelatinized corn starch at relatively low amount which surprisingly permits decreasing the amount of swelling clay below the minimum amount conventionally required for autogenous clumping clay litters.

Abstract: A process for making a bleaching clay composition useful for purification of oil is disclosed. The process of involves controlled acidification of a palygorskite--smectite clay mineral with sulfuric acid.

Abstract: High performance activated clays suitable for bleaching oil are produced by mixing a clay mineral with a metal salt that is a Lewis acid. Mixtures of such metal salts can be used as well.

Abstract: An improved apparatus for introducing steam into an airstream in an HVAC system includes a supply header, steam dispersing structure and structure for collecting condensation from the steam dispersing structure. The supply header is adapted for connection to a source of steam and is preferably elevated with respect to the return header, so that condensation in the supply header and steam dispersing structure is forced into the return header under the influence of steam pressure and gravity. One embodiment of the invention presents a pair of streamlined jackets on one or more of the dispersion tubes that reduce heat loss to the air stream, thereby reducing the amount of condensate that is formed. The jackets are streamlined to minimize turbulence and static pressure loss.

Abstract: The invention resides in a process air dryer system for plastics processing machines and method for drying process air comprising two desiccant towers repeatedly alternating between process and regeneration cycles. In addition to conventional bottom heaters, each tower has an additional generally central heater so as to reduce the time required to regenerate saturated desiccant. When a tower is undergoing regeneration of its desiccant, generally centrally heaters aid conventional bottom heaters in drying saturated desiccant so as to reduce conventional regeneration cycle time by as much as 25% to 30%.

Abstract: An axial flow filtration cartridge, a system, a support assembly, an apparatus, as well as a process are provided for removing particulate matter as well as dissolved heavy metal ions and the like from an aqueous effluent stream. The invention is useful for removing contaminants from industrial waste streams. The cartridge contains features which make it relatively resistant to fouling by solid particles. Additionally, the cartridge has no central void volume. No separate housing for the cartridges is required. In a system embodiment the cartridge has a filtering chamber containing absorbent clay particles confined between porous liquid-permeable retainer. An upstream cartridge cap and a downstream cartridge cap removably receive the ends of the filter cartridge in a liquid-tight seal. The flow of aqueous effluent to each of the cartridges is individually controlled.

Abstract: An improved apparatus for introducing steam into an airstream in an HVAC system includes a supply header, steam dispersing structure and structure for collecting condensation from the steam dispersing structure. The supply header is adapted for connection to a source of steam and is preferably elevated with respect to the return header, so that condensation in the supply header and steam dispersing structure is forced into the return header under the influence of steam pressure and gravity. One embodiment of the invention presents a pair of streamlined jackets on one or more of the dispersion tubes that reduce heat loss to the air stream, thereby reducing the amount of condensate that is formed. The jackets are streamlined to minimize turbulence and static pressure loss.